Illusory-Contour Figures Prime Matching of Real Shapes

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p6118 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1118-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Barlasov-Ioffe ◽  
Shaul Hochstein
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Image ◽  
Illusory Contour ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Shape Matching ◽  
Internal Representation ◽  
Hierarchy Theory ◽  
Illusory Figure ◽  
Implicit Processing ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

We investigated explicit and implicit properties of the internal representation of illusory-contour figures by studying potential priming effects of this representation. Using a primed matching paradigm (Beller 1971, Journal of Experimental Psychology87 176–182), we found that illusory ‘Kanizsa’ squares and triangles prime later matching of the same shapes, respectively, and not of the alternative shape. This priming effect is present despite the use of an illusory figure as a prime and real shapes as tests. To determine whether implicit processing mechanisms sufficiently induce a representation of the illusory shape so that it can lead to this priming effect, we used a novel method of presentation of the inducing pattern, based on Rock and Linnet's (1993, Perception22 61–76) method for separating (implicit) retinal and (explicit) world-coordinate images. Presence of the implicit retinal image is confirmed by its producing an afterimage. While the retinal image is only implicitly produced by the inducing pattern of pacmen, it is nevertheless available for real-shape match priming. We conclude that Kanizsa-type inducer patterns are processed implicitly until formation of illusory-figure shapes. These are represented at relatively high cortical levels, and shape-matching priming must occur here, too. These results are consistent with the claim of the reverse hierarchy theory that bottom–up processing is generally implicit and that conscious perception originates at high cortical levels.

A Novel and Fast Method for Content-Based Image Retrieval via Stack-Triangles Geometrics Histogram

2011 ◽  
Vol 341-342 ◽  
pp. 785-789
Author(s):  
Yu Feng Chen ◽  
Chuan Qi Tan ◽  
Feng Xia Li ◽  
Qing Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Image Retrieval ◽  
Open Problem ◽  
Shape Matching ◽  
New Method ◽  
Content Based Image Retrieval ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Novel Method

In this paper, a novel method is proposed for solving an open problem of shape matching in content-based image retrieval. Our method regards the stack-triangles geometrics histogram to be the feature of an image, the correlation of two images was decided by the compare result of their stack-triangles geometrics histograms. First of all, these methods extract the key contour fragments of an image, so that a shape can be presented as many key contour fragments in this way. In addition, we derivation stack triangles of a shape by the key contour fragments we get it before. Then, we can get the stack-triangles geometrics histogram of the image and calculate the correlation of two images use their stack-triangles geometrics histogram. Finally, experiment results show that our new method is a very fast method and can get more robustness than existing methods and achieve a good effect in the standard shape databases MPEG-7.

PROCESSING OF GENDER AND NUMBER AGREEMENT IN RUSSIAN AS A SECOND LANGUAGE

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Romanova ◽  
Kira Gor
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Number Agreement ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
Default Form ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

The study investigated the processing of Russian gender and number agreement by native (n= 36) and nonnative (n= 36) participants using a visual lexical decision task with priming. The design included a baseline condition that helped dissociate the underlying components of priming (facilitation and inhibition). The results showed no differences in the magnitude of priming between native and nonnative participants, and between gender and number agreement. However, whereas the priming effect in native participants consisted of both facilitation and inhibition, in second language (L2) learners it was characterized by facilitation in the absence of inhibition. Furthermore, the nonnative processing failed to demonstrate the default form bias, which optimized gender and number processing in native participants. Taken together, the findings indicate that although highly proficient L2 learners are able to demonstrate nativelike priming effects, their processing of morphosyntactic information engages different processing mechanisms.

The Long TBLT Journey

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Catherine J. Doughty
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Implicit Processing ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Instructed Sla ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

Abstract In this piece, I trace Task-Based Language Teaching from Mike Long’s original conceptualization in 1985, through his development of methodological principles that are based on SLA theory and empirical evidence he gathered for three and half decades, to two recent (2010, 2015) practical examples of TBLT. Since there is still some important work to be done on remaining tricky issues, I highlight a few of these (unresolved in instructed SLA), such as sequencing according to complexity and the resilience of implicit processing mechanisms in adult language learning. In resolving these and other issues that will no doubt arise, I urge us all to follow Mike’s scrupulous lead in holding ourselves accountable to the empirical evidence.

Illusory Contour Lightness: A Neglected Possibility

Perception ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore E Parks ◽  
Irvin Rock ◽  
Richard Anson
Keyword(s):  
Illusory Contour ◽  
Illusory Figure ◽  
General Phenomenon

When the area occupied by a typical sharp-edged illusory figure is outlined physically, some illusory lightness survives within the contours as an example of figure-ground contrast. This general phenomenon may therefore account for the direction of the apparent alteration in lightness found within many illusory figures, but it cannot account for the magnitude of that alteration.

A New Method for Content-Based Image Retrieval via Subsets of Key Contours Fragments

2012 ◽  
Vol 532-533 ◽  
pp. 792-796
Author(s):  
Chuan Qi Tan ◽  
Yu Feng Chen ◽  
Feng Xia Li ◽  
Zhi Zhong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Image Retrieval ◽  
Open Problem ◽  
Shape Matching ◽  
New Method ◽  
Content Based Image Retrieval ◽  
Similar Measure ◽  
Matching Effect ◽  
Image Contour ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Correlation Rate

In this paper, a novel method is proposed for solving an open problem of shape matching in content-based image retrieval. In order to prepare for matching two images, our novel method uses an improved segment method to get more accurate contours. And then we find a new way to extract the key contour fragments, so that a shape can be presented as many key contour fragments in this way. It is an effective way to do analysis in image contour. In addition, a similar measure method is proposed to get the correlation rate of two images via subsets of key contour fragments. Finally, experiment results show that our new method can get more robustness than existing methods and achieve a superior matching effect in the standard shape databases MPEG-7.

A novel method for 2D nonrigid partial shape matching

2018 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 1160-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzhuan Yang ◽  
Hui Wei ◽  
Qian Yu
Keyword(s):  
Shape Matching ◽  
Partial Shape Matching ◽  
Novel Method

The Negative Priming Effect: Inhibitory Priming by Ignored Objects

1985 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven P. Tipper
Keyword(s):  
Negative Priming ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Internal Representation ◽  
Negative Priming Effect ◽  
Probe Display ◽  
Stimulus Interval ◽  
Prime Display ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Naming Latencies ◽  
Selection Of

A priming paradigm was employed to investigate the processing of an ignored object during selection of an attended object. Two issues were investigated: the level of internal representation achieved for the ignored object, and the subsequent fate of this representation. In Experiment 1 a prime display containing two superimposed objects was briefly presented. One second later a probe display was presented containing an object to be named. If the ignored object in the prime display was the same as the subsequent probe, naming latencies were impaired. This effect is termed negative priming. It suggests that internal representations of the ignored object may become associated with inhibition during selection. Thus, selection of a subsequent probe object requiring these inhibited representations is delayed. Experiment 2 replicated the negative priming effect with a shorter inter-stimulus interval. Experiment 3 examined the priming effects of both the ignored and the selected objects. The effect of both identity repetition and a categorical relationship between prime and probe stimuli were investigated. The data showed that for a stimulus selected from the prime display, naming of the same object in the probe display was facilitated. When the same stimulus was ignored in the prime display, however, naming of it in the probe display was again impaired (negative priming). That negative priming was also demonstrated with categorically related objects suggests that ignored objects achieve categorical levels of representation, and that the inhibition may be at this level.

Segmentation of Optic Disc in Fundus Images Using an Active Contour

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Elbalaoui ◽  
Y. Ouadid ◽  
A. Merbouha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Retinal Image ◽  
Active Contour ◽  
Active Contour Model ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Automated Detection ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Ground Truth Image ◽  
Novel Method

A successful optic disc (OD) segmentation is an important task for automated detection white lesions related to diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, exudate detection is the authors' major purpose, but they must extract the OD prior to the process because it appears with similar color, intensity and contrast to other characteristics of the retinal image. The retinal image consists of blood vessels that emerge from the OD. The presence of these blood vessels may act as a disturbance for the detection of OD. This article presents a novel method for segmentation of the OD in retinal images. The methodology includes localization of the OD center, followed by elimination of vascular structure using an inpainting method. Finally, an active contour model was applied to boundary OD segmentation. The results are compared with a ground truth image from the ophthalmologist. The source retinal image for performing this work was obtained from the publicly available DRIVE and MESSIDOR databases. This method offers a successful segmentation of OD which may help in diagnosis of various retinal abnormalities.

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