Factors involved in high ewe losses in winter lambing flocks grazing dual-purpose wheat in southern New South Wales: a producer survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 458 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. McGrath ◽  
J. J. Lievaart ◽  
J. M. Virgona ◽  
M. S. Bhanugopan ◽  
M. A. Friend
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Condition Score

A comparative survey was undertaken with 43 sheep producers in southern New South Wales using a semi-structured interview to investigate factors associated with high ewe mortality rates in winter lambing flocks grazing dual-purpose wheat. Participants were classified as either control (n = 23), who had not observed abnormally high ewe deaths, or case (n = 20), who had observed abnormally high ewe mortality rates when sheep grazed dual-purpose wheat. Ewe losses associated with grazing wheat were higher in the case group compared with the control group (8.6 vs 1.8%; P < 0.001) and there was also more deaths attributed to metabolic disease (3.4 vs 0.6%; P < 0.05). A higher proportion of control respondents had provided magnesium or sodium supplementation to ewes grazing wheat (P < 0.05). The body condition score of ewes entering the grazing period was significantly higher in the control group (3.2 vs 2.8; P < 0.05). The proportion of respondents who fed roughage to ewes grazing wheat did not differ significantly between control and case groups (48 vs 35%). A higher proportion of respondents in the case group had supplied grain to ewes (25 vs 0%; P < 0.05), which may have been associated with the lower body condition of sheep in these flocks compared with the control group. It was concluded that supplying ad libitum access to mineral supplements that include magnesium, sodium and possibly calcium, and maintaining adequate body condition score can reduce the risk of high ewe mortality rates when reproducing ewes graze dual-purpose wheat.

scholarly journals Evaluating Programs to Counter Violent Extremism: The Example of Case-Managed Interventions

Proceedings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Adrian Cherney
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Linear Process ◽  
Case Note ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Client Participation ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Client Change ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
The Uk

In recent years, there has been a proliferation of programs aimed at preventing radicalization and disengaging known violent extremists. Some programs have targeted individuals through the use of case management approaches and the development of individual intervention plans (e.g., the Desistance and Disengagement Program and the Channel program in the UK; the Australian New South Wales Corrections Proactive Integrated Support Model—PRISM—and state-based division initiatives in Australia). There is a broad consensus in the literature that the evaluation of such initiatives has been neglected. However, the evaluation of case-managed interventions to counter violent extremism (CVE) is challenging. They can have small caseloads which makes it difficult to have any comparison or control group. Client participation can vary over time, with no single intervention plan being alike. This can make it hard to untangle the relative influence of different components of the intervention on indicators of radicalization and disengagement. In this presentation, results from primary research that set out to evaluate case-managed CVE interventions in Australia and develop evaluation metrics are presented. This research involves the examination of interventions implemented by New South Wales corrections and state police. The effectiveness of these interventions was assessed against a five-point metric of client change. Client change overtime was analyzed using case note information collected by the various interventions on client participation. Results show that client change is not a linear process and that the longer an individual is engaged in a case-managed intervention, the more likely they are to demonstrate change relating to disengagement. Specific case studies are used to illustrate trajectories and turning points related to radicalization and to highlight the role of case-managed interventions in facilitating disengagement. Key elements of effective interventions include the provision of ongoing informal support. Investment in capturing case note information should be a priority of intervention providers. Different challenges confronted by case-managed CVE interventions are highlighted.

Convict Transportation to New South Wales, 1787-1849: Mortality Rates Reconsidered

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-86
Author(s):  
Gary L. Sturgess ◽  
Sara Rahman ◽  
George Argyrous
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Convict Transportation

Optimising grain yield and grazing potential of crops across Australia’s high-rainfall zone: a simulation analysis. 2. Canola

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julianne M. Lilley ◽  
Lindsay W. Bell ◽  
John A. Kirkegaard
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Vernalisation Requirement ◽  
Crop Density

Recent expansion of cropping into Australia’s high-rainfall zone (HRZ) has involved dual-purpose crops suited to long growing seasons that produce both forage and grain. Early adoption of dual-purpose cropping involved cereals; however, dual-purpose canola (Brassica napus) can provide grazing and grain and a break crop for cereals and grass-based pastures. Grain yield and grazing potential of canola (up until bud-visible stage) were simulated, using APSIM, for four canola cultivars at 13 locations across Australia’s HRZ over 50 years. The influence of sowing date (2-weekly sowing dates from early March to late June), nitrogen (N) availability at sowing (50, 150 and 250 kg N/ha), and crop density (20, 40, 60, 80 plants/m2) on forage and grain production was explored in a factorial combination with the four canola cultivars. The cultivars represented winter, winter × spring intermediate, slow spring, and fast spring cultivars, which differed in response to vernalisation and photoperiod. Overall, there was significant potential for dual-purpose use of winter and winter × spring cultivars in all regions across Australia’s HRZ. Mean simulated potential yields exceeded 4.0 t/ha at most locations, with highest mean simulated grain yields (4.5–5.0 t/ha) in southern Victoria and lower yields (3.3–4.0 t/ha) in central and northern New South Wales. Winter cultivars sown early (March–mid-April) provided most forage (>2000 dry sheep equivalent (DSE) grazing days/ha) at most locations because of the extended vegetative stage linked to the high vernalisation requirement. At locations with Mediterranean climates, the low frequency (<30% of years) of early sowing opportunities before mid-April limited the utility of winter cultivars. Winter × spring cultivars (not yet commercially available), which have an intermediate phenology, had a longer, more reliable sowing window, high grazing potential (up to 1800 DSE-days/ha) and high grain-yield potential. Spring cultivars provided less, but had commercially useful grazing opportunities (300–700 DSE-days/ha) and similar yields to early-sown cultivars. Significant unrealised potential for dual-purpose canola crops of winter × spring and slow spring cultivars was suggested in the south-west of Western Australia, on the Northern Tablelands and Slopes of New South Wales and in southern Queensland. The simulations emphasised the importance of early sowing, adequate N supply and sowing density to maximise grazing potential from dual-purpose crops.

Seasonal Pattern of Androgen Secretion in the Male Platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, in the Upper Barnard River, New South Wales.

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
N.P. New ◽  
J.M. Jakubowski ◽  
G.M. Stone ◽  
R.C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
New South ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Peripheral Blood Plasma ◽  
Androgen Secretion

The seasonal pattern of androgen secretion in free-ranging male platypuses was determined in samples of peripheral blood plasma and rectal contents collected between February and November 1996, from animals captured in the Upper Barnard River, New South Wales. Cortisol concentrations in peripheral blood were also measured and seasonal changes in body condition were assessed. Androgen concentrations in samples from the different sources all followed a distinctly seasonal pattern, being low from February to June, rising in July to reach the highest values in August before reducing to lower values by September. The high concentrations occurred within a relatively narrow time frame and appeared to be well synchronised among individuals. Within animal comparisons showed that androgen concentrations in excreta were highly correlated with values for blood. Cortisol concentrations were higher in July and August than other months. Males lost body condition during this period (as indicated by changes in the Tail Volume Index) and it is suggested that they were under increased stress at this time due to rivalry between males around the mating season.

Evaluation of Bos indicus and Bos taurus straightbreds and crosses. II. Post-weaning growth, puberty, and pelvic size of heifers

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Hearnshaw ◽  
PF Arthur ◽  
R Barlow ◽  
PJ Kohun ◽  
RE Darnell
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
The Other ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pelvic Size

Post-weaning growth and body condition, puberty and pelvic size of 197 heifers comprising straightbred Hereford (HxH) and Brahman (BxB), first-cross (BxH) and back-cross (HxBH and BxBH) heifers were evaluated. The heifers were born over a 3 year period, and grazed improved and semi-improved pastures following weaning at Grafton, New South Wales. Prior to weaning, heifers had been reared by dams on three pasture systems (high, medium and low quality pastures). Heifers from low quality pre-weaning pasture had higher (P < 0.05) post-weaning liveweight gain than those from high and medium quality pastures. BxH heifers gained 71 g/day more (P < 0.05) than the mean gain of their contemporaries of the other genotypes, whose gains were similar, from weaning to either 26 or to 30 months of age. Liveweight at all ages was influenced by genotype x pre-weaning pasture system interaction. At 30 months of age, BxH heifers from high and medium pre-weaning pastures were the heaviest. At the same age, but from low quality pre-weaning pasture, heifers with crossbred dams (HxBH and BxBH) were the heaviest. Wither height depended significantly (P < 0.05) on the proportion of Bos indicus genes, increasing from 113.8 cm in the HxH heifers to 124.4 cm in the BxB heifers at 30 months of age. BxH heifers had a higher (P < 0.05) body condition score than their contemporaries of the other genotypes, which were in similar condition, at 26 and 30 months of age. On average (across pre-weaning pasture system), 9% of BxB heifers had reached puberty by 22 months of age compared to 62, 95, 82 and 64% (s.e.= 9) for HxH, HxBH, BxH and BxBH heifers respectively. No significant genotype differences were obtained in the height, width and size of the pelvic opening of the heifers, measured just prior to the beginning of the mating season at 26 months of age.

Wheat for fodder and grain on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
RD FitzGerald ◽  
ML Curll ◽  
EW Heap
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
South Wales

Thirty varieties of wheat originating from Australia, UK, USA, Ukraine, and France were evaluated over 3 years as dual-purpose wheats for the high rainfall environment of the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales (mean annual rainfall 851 mm). Mean grain yields (1.9-4.3 t/ha) compared favourably with record yields in the traditional Australian wheatbelt, but were much poorer than average yields of 6.5 t/ha reported for UK crops. A 6-week delay in sowing time halved grain yield in 1983; cutting in spring reduced yield by 40% in 1986. Grazing during winter did not significantly reduce yields. Results indicate that the development of wheat varieties adapted to the higher rainfall tablelands and suited to Australian marketing requirements might help to provide a useful alternative enterprise for tableland livestock producers.

Response from Dr McCulloch to Mortality rates after surgery in New South Wales

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn McCulloch
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
South Wales

Effect of α-tocopherol acetate and zinc supplementation on body condition, energy metabolites and milk production in Karan Fries cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar Maurya ◽  
Anjali Aggarwal ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
B. K. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Karan Fries

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of α-tocopherol acetate and zinc on body condition, energy metabolites and milk production in Karan Fries cows. Sixteen pregnant Karan Fries cows were selected two months before expected date of calving. The experimental animals were randomly divided in to two groups namely control group (eight cows) and treatment group (eight cows). Treatment group cows were supplemented with α-tocopherol acetate @ 1000 IU/day/cow and zinc @ 60 ppm/day/cow. Blood samples were collected on the days -60, -45, -30, -15, -7, 0, +7, +15, +30, +45 and +60 with respect to expected date of calving. The body weight and body condition score of all the experimental animals was recorded on the day of blood collection. After calving milk yield of the experimental animals was recorded till 60 days in milk. At parturition, body weight and body condition score differ significantly (P<0.001) in treatment group than control group (448.00 vs. 416.33 Kg and 4.42 vs. 4.17, respectively). The overall mean (±SEM) of plasma glucose was found to be significantly (P<0.001) higher in treatment group as compared to control group (62.39±1.23 vs. 57.44±1.59 mg/dl). The overall mean of non-esterified fatty acids was found to be significantly (P<0.001) lower in treatment group as compared to control group (197.10±3.38 vs. 239.21±3.48 μM/L). The overall mean of milk yield was found significantly (P<0.001) higher in treatment group as compared to control group (20.48±1.16 vs. 16.94±1.38 Kg/day i.e. 20.90%). The results of this study indicated that supplementation of antioxidants like α-tocopherol acetate and zinc have beneficial effects on milk production along with improved body condition and metabolic status of the animals.

scholarly journals Mortality rates after surgery in New South Wales

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 871-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Harris ◽  
Aman Madan ◽  
Justine Naylor ◽  
Shanley Chong
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
South Wales
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