An experimental approach for identifying microorganisms involved in specified functions: utilisation for understanding a nematode suppressive soil

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Borneman ◽  
Rabiu Olatinwo ◽  
Bei Yin ◽  
J. Ole Becker
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Suppressive Soil ◽  
Nematode Suppressive Soil

scholarly journals Streptomyces costaricanus sp. nov., Isolated from Nematode-Suppressive Soil

1995 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ESNARD ◽  
T. L. POTTER ◽  
B. M. ZUCKERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Suppressive Soil ◽  
Nematode Suppressive Soil

scholarly journals Bacterial community assemblages in the rhizosphere soil, root endosphere and cyst of soybean cyst nematode-suppressive soil challenged with nematodes

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzammil Hussain ◽  
M Imran Hamid ◽  
Jianqing Tian ◽  
Jianyang Hu ◽  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Suppressive Soil ◽  
Community Assemblages ◽  
Nematode Suppressive Soil

Effect of temperature treatment on survival of Heterodera glycines and its associated fungi and bacteria

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiming Hu ◽  
Senyu Chen ◽  
Xingzhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Suppressive Soil ◽  
Freezing Soil ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Nematode Suppressive Soil ◽  
Better Than

In studies of nematode-suppressive soil and plant-parasitic nematode management, it is often desirable to kill nematodes in the soil but keep the microbial community alive. The effect of temperature treatment on survival of Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), and associated fungi and bacteria was investigated. Extracted eggs and cysts, and cysts in soil were subjected to treatments of temperatures ranging from −80 to 55°C for 1 to 24 h. Nematode survival was determined by hatching in vitro and by infectivity and development in soybean, and fungal survival was determined by plating the eggs or cysts on potato dextrose agar. The nematodes survived well between −20 and 45°C, but could not survive at −80 or 48°C and above, while some nematodes were killed after heat treatment of 46°C. By contrast, fungi survived well in the cysts at −80°C, and also much better than nematodes at the high temperatures. Glasshouse studies demonstrated that both bacteria and fungi survived well in the soil treated with −80°C. Transferring 5% of −80°C-treated soil to autoclaved soil could effectively establish nematode suppressiveness. Our study demonstrated that freezing soil at −80°C can kill SCN but maintain nematode suppressiveness, and the soil treatment can improve the method for nematode-suppressive soil evaluation.

Experimental Determination of the Effective Resolution Limit in Thick Specimens at High Voltages

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 664-665
Author(s):  
Mircea Fotino
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Resolution Level

The use of thick specimens (0.5 μm to 5.0 μm or more) is one of the most resourceful applications of high-voltage electron microscopy in biological research. However, the energy loss experienced by the electron beam in the specimen results in chromatic aberration and thus in a deterioration of the effective resolving power. This sets a limit to the maximum usable specimen thickness when investigating structures requiring a certain resolution level.An experimental approach is here described in which the deterioration of the resolving power as a function of specimen thickness is determined. In a manner similar to the Rayleigh criterion in which two image points are considered resolved at the resolution limit when their profiles overlap such that the minimum of one coincides with the maximum of the other, the resolution attainable in thick sections can be measured by the distance from minimum to maximum (or, equivalently, from 10% to 90% maximum) of the broadened profile of a well-defined step-like object placed on the specimen.

Malfunctional Reorganization in the Developing Limbo-Prefrontal System in Animals: Implications for Human Psychoses?

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt ◽  
Ralf R. Dawirs
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Activity Dependent

Abstract: Neuroplasticity research in connection with mental disorders has recently bridged the gap between basic neurobiology and applied neuropsychology. A non-invasive method in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculus) - the restricted versus enriched breading and the systemically applied single methamphetamine dose - offers an experimental approach to investigate psychoses. Acts of intervening affirm an activity dependent malfunctional reorganization in the prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and reveal the dopamine position as being critical for the disruption of interactions between the areas concerned. From the extent of plasticity effects the probability and risk of psycho-cognitive development may be derived. Advance may be expected from insights into regulatory mechanisms of neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus which is obviously to meet the necessary requirements to promote psycho-cognitive functions/malfunctions via the limbo-prefrontal circuit.

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