Comparison of some pea seed-borne mosaic virus isolates and their detection by dot-immunobinding assay

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Ligat ◽  
D Cartwright ◽  
JW Randles
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Chenopodium Amaranticolor ◽  
Infected Seed ◽  
The Us ◽  
Pea Seed

Five isolates of pea seed-borne mosaic virus (US, S4, S6, Q and T) were compared by host range and symptomatology on 16 Pisum sativum cultivars and lines, 21 lines of Lathyrus and Lens spp. and several indicator species. All selections of Pisum sativum, except cv. Greenfeast, were susceptible to all isolates, but Greenfeast was susceptible to the US isolate. All isolates except T infected the Lathyrus and Lens spp. through mechanical and aphid transmissions. Chenopodium amaranticolor and Vicia faba reacted similarly to all isolates, Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Hawkesbury Wonder reacted to none. The North American isolate (US) was distinguished from the Australian S4, S6, Q, and T isolates by infecting Nicotiana clevelandii and Greenfeast pea. In all cases the highest rate of seed transmission occurred in the largest seed (82-91%) and the lowest was in the smallest seed (27-40%). Infected seed in the largest size classes was lighter in weight than the corresponding uninfected seed. Infected seed in all classes had a significantly lower germination rate than uninfected seed although the greatest reduction in germinability was in the smallest seed. In each size class uninfected seed was heavier than infected seed and germinated better. Two-dimensional immunodiffusion tests showed that precipitin lines between all the isolates and either the US and S6 antisera were confluent with no evidence of spurs. A rapid and sensitive indirect dot-immunobinding assay on nitrocellulose membrane for PSbMV was developed in which non-specific reactions were eliminated by using mannose and glucose in buffers, and healthy plant sap as a blocking agent. The limit of detection of antigen was about 32 ng per sample. Both of the antisera detected antigen in sap extracted from peas infected with the 6 PSbMV isolates, originating from the USA, Australia, New Zealand and Denmark and all isolates were detected at similar antiserum dilution endpoints.

SCREENING OF FIELD PEA BREEDING LINES FOR PEA SEED-BORNE MOSAIC VIRUS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. ALI-KHAN ◽  
R. C. ZIMMER
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Chenopodium Amaranticolor ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Local Lesion Host ◽  
Extensive Program ◽  
Pea Seed

Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) was first identified in Canadian field pea (Pisum sativum L.) breeding lines in 1974. Since then, an extensive program has been underway to eradicate this virus from the breeding lines. At the Morden Research Station, nearly 2000 breeding lines were evaluated. The virus was assayed by infectivity tests using the local lesion host Chenopodium amaranticolor, and by a gel immunodiffusion test. PSbMV was detected in 1361 lines. The level of infection within lines varied from 1 to 3%. Due to the restricted extent of the virus in the breeding lines, it was possible to continue the breeding program without a serious loss in germplasm.

scholarly journals Quantifying Effects of Seedborne Inoculum on Virus Spread, Yield Losses, and Seed Infection in the Pea seed-borne mosaic virus–Field Pea Pathosystem

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1156-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Coutts ◽  
R. T. Prince ◽  
R. A. C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Virus Spread ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Infected Seed ◽  
Pea Seed

Field experiments examined the effects of sowing field pea seed with different amounts of infection with Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) on virus spread, seed yield, and infection levels in harvested seed. Plots were sown with seed with actual or simulated seed transmission rates of 0.3 to 6.5% (2005) or 0.1 to 8% (2006), and spread was by naturally occurring migrant aphids. Plants with symptoms and incidence increased with the amount of primary inoculum present. When final incidence reached 97 to 98% (2005) and 36% (2006) in plots sown with 6.5 to 8% infected seed, yield losses of 18 to 25% (2005) and 13% (2006) resulted. When incidence reached 48 to 76% in plots sown with 1.1-2 to 2% initial infection, seed yield losses were 15 to 21% (2005). Diminished seed weight and seed number both contributed to the yield losses. When the 2005 data for the relationships between percent incidence and yield or yield gaps were plotted, 81 to 84% of the variation was explained by final incidence and, for each 1% increase, there was a yield decline of 7.7 to 8.2 kg/ha. Seed transmission rates in harvested seed were mostly greater than those in the seed sown when climatic conditions favored early virus spread (1 to 17% in 2005) but smaller when they did not (0.2 to 2% in 2006). In 2007, sowing infected seed at high seeding rate with straw mulch and regular insecticide application resulted in slower spread and smaller seed infection than sowing at standard seeding rate without straw mulch or insecticide. When data for the relationship between final percent incidence and seed transmission in harvested seed were plotted (all experiments), 95 to 99% of the variation was explained by PSbMV incidence. A threshold value of <0.5% seed infection was established for sowing in high-risk zones.

scholarly journals Multiple viral determinants affect seed transmission of pea seedborne mosaic virus in Pisum sativum

1996 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 3149-3154 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. E. Johansen ◽  
W. G. Dougherty ◽  
K. E. Keller ◽  
D. Wang ◽  
R. O. Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Viral Determinants

Proteomics offers insight to the mechanism behind Pisum sativum L. response to pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV)

2017 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 78-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Cerna ◽  
Martin Černý ◽  
Hana Habánová ◽  
Dana Šafářová ◽  
Kifah Abushamsiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Pea Seed

The susceptibility of pea cultivars to pea seed-borne mosaic virus infection and virus seed transmission in the UK

1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. WANG ◽  
R. D. WOODS ◽  
A. J. COCKBAIN ◽  
A. J. MAULE ◽  
A. J. BIDDLE
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Pea Seed ◽  
Mosaic Virus Infection

Linkage mapping of sbm-1, a gene conferring resistance to pea seed-borne mosaic virus, using molecular markers in Pisum sativum

1993 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 609-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Timmerman ◽  
T. J. Frew ◽  
A. L. Miller ◽  
N. F. Weeden ◽  
W. A. Jermyn
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Linkage Mapping ◽  
Pea Seed

scholarly journals Quantitative Real-Time PCR Analysis of Individual Flue-Cured Tobacco Seeds and Seedlings Reveals Seed Transmission of Tobacco Mosaic Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine D. Ellis ◽  
Jessica M. Hoak ◽  
Bradley W. Ellis ◽  
Jessica A. Brown ◽  
Tim L. Sit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Infected Seed ◽  
Tobacco Seed ◽  
Individual Seed ◽  
Tobacco Seeds

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is an extensively studied RNA virus known to infect tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and other solanaceous crops. TMV has been classified as a seedborne virus in tobacco, with infection of developing seedlings thought to occur from contact with the TMV-infected seed coat. The mechanism of TMV transmission through seed was studied in seed of the K 326 cultivar of flue-cured tobacco. Cross pollinations were performed to determine the effect of parental tissue on TMV infection in seed. Dissection of individual tobacco seeds into seed coat, endosperm, and embryo was performed to determine TMV location within a seed, while germination tests and separation of the developing seedling into seed coat, roots, and cotyledons were conducted to estimate the percent transmission of TMV. A reverse-transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was developed and used to determine TMV concentrations in individual seed harvested from pods that formed on plants from TMV-infected and noninfected crosses. The results showed maternal transmission of TMV to tobacco seed and seedlings that developed from infected seed, not paternal transmission. RT-qPCR and endpoint PCR assays were also conducted on the separated seed coat, endosperm, and embryo of individual seed and separated cotyledons, roots, and seed coats of individual seedlings that developed from infected tobacco seed to identify the location of the virus in the seed and the subsequent path the virus takes to infect the developing seedling. RT-qPCR and endpoint PCR assay results showed evidence of TMV infection in the endosperm and embryo, as well as in the developing seedling roots and cotyledons within 10 days of initiating seed germination. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TMV being detected in embryos of tobacco seed, demonstrating that TMV is seedborne and seed-transmitted in flue-cured tobacco.

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