The Iodination of Aromatic Compounds. III. Halogenation of Aromatic Ethers in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide

1949 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
L Jurd
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Potassium Bromide ◽  
Mineral Acid ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Strong Mineral Acid ◽  
High Yields

Aromatic ethers are rapidly iodinated when treated in alcoholic solution with iodine and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a strong mineral acid. High yields of the mono-iodo-derivatives are obtained with anisole and the 2-naphthyl ethers whilst both mono- and diiodination occur readily with the dimethoxybenzenes. In the absence of a mineral acid the reaction is very slow and only poor yield of the iodo-ethers result. A convenient process is described for the preparation of p-chloro- and p-bromo- anisole, and other chloro- and bromo-ethers, the ether being treated with hydrochloric acid and with potassium bromide and sulphuric acid respectively in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.

Note on an Analysis of Human Gastric Juice

1897 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 298-298
Author(s):  
W. R. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Methyl Violet ◽  
Mineral Acid ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Free Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Blue Coloration ◽  
Made In

In the autumn of 1895 I received from Professor M'Ewen several samples of gastric juice marked “Chalmers' Gastrostomy.” The samples were obtained under most favourable circumstances, being drawn off through an aperture made in the abdomen and stomach of the patient; the juice was almost pure, and nearly free from suspended matter. My analysis was mainly directed towards ascertaining whether or not free hydrochloric acid was a constituent of the fluid, and the following were the reactions I employed:—(1) With methyl violet the sample gave a distinct blue coloration, showing the presence of a mineral acid. Supposing the acidity to be due to lactic acid, this reaction would not take place, as on trying a dilute solution of lactic acid with this reagent no blue colour was produced.(2) On treating an alcoholic solution of phloroglucin and vanillin (1 grm. of the former and ½ grm. of the latter made up with 50 cc.'s rectified spirits) with the gastric juice and evaporating slowly on a water-bath, a red colour was produced. Dilute hydrochloric acid gave the same result; lactic acid none.In the opinion of some authorities the presence of free hydrochloric acid is attributed to the decomposition on evaporation of the chlorides present in the gastric juice by free lactic acid. With a view to ascertain whether this could happen or not, I evaporated solutions of chloride of calcium and lactic acid with both of the above reagents with a negative result.

The Iodination of Aromatic Compounds. IV. The Iodination of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nuclear-substituted Phenols

1950 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
L Jurd
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Hydrobromic Acid ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Substituted Phenols ◽  
Benzene Homologues

Salicylic acid and p-nitrophenol are almost quantitatively diiodinated when treated in alcoholic solution with iodine, hydrogen peroxide, and sulphuric, nitric, hydrochloric, or phosphoric acid. In glacial acetic acid solution salicylic acid gives good yields of the diiodo compound only in the presence of hydrochloric acid. No appreciable iodination occurs in the presence of sulphuric or nitric acid whilst 3,5-dibromosalicylic acid is formed with hydrobromic acid. Cinnamic acid reacts slowly with iodine, hydrogen peroxide, and sulphuric acid in methanol and ethanol solutions to give the corresponding α-iodo-β-alkoxy-β-phenylpropionic acids. Benzene homologues are readily iodinated in alcoholic solution in the presence of sulphuric or nitric acid although benzene does not react appreciably under similar conditions.

Chemoselective Bromination of Active Methylene and Methyne Compounds by Potassium Bromide, Hydrochloric Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide

Synlett ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (14) ◽  
pp. 2287-2289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Kirihara ◽  
Yoshiro Hirai ◽  
Shiho Ogawa ◽  
Takuya Noguchi ◽  
Kumiko Okubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Potassium Bromide ◽  
Active Methylene

scholarly journals Electrical response of the Summit-Greenland ice core to ammonium, sulphuric acid, and hydrochloric acid

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 565-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Moore ◽  
Eric W. Wolff ◽  
Henrik B. Clausen ◽  
Claus U. Hammer ◽  
Michel R. Legrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Ice Core

Iodination of Aromatic Compounds Using Potassium Iodide and Hydrogen Peroxide

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (22) ◽  
pp. 3894-3902 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Suresh Kumar Reddy ◽  
N. Narender ◽  
C. N. Rohitha ◽  
S. J. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Potassium Iodide ◽  
Aromatic Compounds

scholarly journals Hydrochloric Acid Leaching of Cobalt-Rich Ferromanganese Crust using Hydrogen Peroxide and Sodium Sulfite as Reducing Agents.

1999 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junji SHIBATA ◽  
Takashi WATARI ◽  
Masakazu NIINAE
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Sulfite ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Ferromanganese Crust ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Leaching
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