David James Kemp 1945–2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Kadaba S. Sriprakash ◽  
Michael F. Good
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Northern Blotting ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Australian Science ◽  
Variable Region Genes ◽  
Molecular Parasitology

David Kemp's seminal contributions to molecular parasitology of malaria and scabies have placed Australian science at the forefront of research on these important human pathogens. Immunoscreening of expression clones led to the identification of several vaccine candidates against malaria. His contributions to scabies research are pivotal to our understanding of bacteria–parasite–human interactions. Other notable achievements are: the discovery of one of the earliest known multi-gene families; the first cloning of linked variable-region genes in the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus; the invention of highly cited molecular biology methods, namely Northern blotting and inverted-PCR; and contributions to ‘molecular public health' by his work on various bacterial infections relevant to the health of Indigenous Australians. Kemp's manifest enthusiasm for science was highly infectious. He mentored many high-achieving scientists. In addition to his exemplary career as a scientist, he was a musician at heart and a passionate rock fossicker.

scholarly journals Immunochemical and molecular characterization of regulatory idiotopes expressed by monoclonal antibodies exhibiting or lacking beta 2-6 fructosan binding activity.

1985 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 647-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Victor-Kobrin ◽  
F A Bonilla ◽  
B Bellon ◽  
C A Bona
Keyword(s):  
Variable Region ◽  
Northern Blotting ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Heavy Chain Variable Region ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Myeloma Proteins ◽  
Vh Gene ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Variable Region Genes

Hybridomas secreting antibodies bearing the ABPC48 (A48) regulatory idiotype (Id) were generated from BALB/c mice treated at birth or as adults with minute amounts of anti-A48-Id antibodies. The majority of these antibodies were recognized by the syngeneic monoclonal anti-A48-Id and anti-UPC-10-Id antibodies, IDA10 and 10-1, respectively. In Northern blotting experiments, most of these hybridomas were shown to use VH (heavy chain variable region) genes related to the 441-4 germline VH gene that encodes the A48 VH region. Hybridization was detected between polyadenylated H chain mRNA, isolated from the majority of the hybridomas, and the VH probe. Southern blots confirmed these results by showing a rearrangement of VH-related sequences to the JH (H chain joining segment) clusters on these same hybridomas. The antibodies from all of the hybridomas that derived from neonatal mice and half of those derived from adult mice showed specificity for fructosan determinants that, in most cases, was different from the beta 2-6 fructosan linkage specificity of A48. Surprisingly, several of the non-fructosan-binding hybridomas generated from the adult mice and the MOPC-173 myeloma demonstrated a clear specificity for the beta 1-6-D-galactan determinant. Of four galactan-binding myeloma proteins studied. XRPC 44 alone shared idiotypy with the UPC-10 myeloma. These findings suggest a possible clonal crossreactive regulation mediated by regulatory idiotopes. The crossreactive regulation concept is discussed.

Analysis of T Cell Receptor β Chain Repertoire in Middle Ear Effusions

1996 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Takeuchi ◽  
Yuichi Fujita ◽  
Takashi Tomemori ◽  
Atsushi Yuta ◽  
Noriko Iriyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Variable Region Genes

In order to elucidate the immune response in otitis media with effusion (OME), the polymerase chain reaction was employed to examine T cells in middle ear effusions in patients with OME for utilization of T cell receptor (TCR) variable region genes. Specimens of RNA were extracted from 13 ears of 12 patients (9 children and 3 adults). Oligonucleotide primers specific for individual TCR Vβ gene families were used to amplify TCR gene products in each sample. Although the number of Vβ families utilized by each sample varied from 1 family to 21, a few significant trends emerged. Eleven ears out of 13 expressed Vβ7, which was the most frequently utilized (84.6%) Vβ family among the 24 Vβ families. In 5 of the 13 samples, the number of Vβ families utilized was restricted to 1, which was Vβ7 in all 5 samples. This result indicates the possibility that Vβ7-bearing T cells in the middle ear are responding to a certain common antigen in some cases of OME.

scholarly journals Selective use of the VHQ52 family in functional VH to DJH rearrangements in a B precursor cell line.

1987 ◽  
Vol 166 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Sugiyama ◽  
T Maeda ◽  
Y Tani ◽  
S Miyake ◽  
Y Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Precursor Cell ◽  
Transformed Cell Line ◽  
Precursor Cell Line ◽  
Functional Variable ◽  
Vh Gene ◽  
Abelson Virus ◽  
Variable Region Genes

AT11-2, an Abelson virus-transformed cell line has DJH complexes on both chromosomes and is able to form functional variable region genes by the joins of VH genes to the DJH complexes during culture. Therefore we examined which VH gene family was used in functional VH to DJH recombinations in AT11-2. Surprisingly, of 32 independent functional VH to DJH recombinational events in AT11-2, 31 events used the VH segments of the VHQ52 family, and the remaining one used the VH segment of the VH7183 family. Thus, we describe here the first B precursor cell line that almost selectively uses the VHQ52 family in functional VH to DJH rearrangements. The selective use of the VHQ52 family in this B precursor cell line strongly indicates nonrandom use of VH gene families, and the existence of a stage at which the VHQ52 family is preferentially used during the normal development of early pre-B cells and has important implications for understanding the ontogeny of VH repertoire development. Furthermore, this cell line should prove extremely valuable in further studies of this kind.

scholarly journals Bacteriophages as drivers of bacterial virulence and their potential for biotechnological exploitation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaat Schroven ◽  
Abram Aertsen ◽  
Rob Lavigne
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Cargo Proteins ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Mutualistic Relationship

ABSTRACT Bacteria-infecting viruses (phages) and their hosts maintain an ancient and complex relationship. Bacterial predation by lytic phages drives an ongoing phage-host arms race, whereas temperate phages initiate mutualistic relationships with their hosts upon lysogenization as prophages. In human pathogens, these prophages impact bacterial virulence in distinct ways: by secretion of phage-encoded toxins, modulation of the bacterial envelope, mediation of bacterial infectivity and the control of bacterial cell regulation. This review builds the argument that virulence-influencing prophages hold extensive, unexplored potential for biotechnology. More specifically, it highlights the development potential of novel therapies against infectious diseases, to address the current antibiotic resistance crisis. First, designer bacteriophages may serve to deliver genes encoding cargo proteins which repress bacterial virulence. Secondly, one may develop small molecules mimicking phage-derived proteins targeting central regulators of bacterial virulence. Thirdly, bacteria equipped with phage-derived synthetic circuits which modulate key virulence factors could serve as vaccine candidates to prevent bacterial infections. The development and exploitation of such antibacterial strategies will depend on the discovery of other prophage-derived, virulence control mechanisms and, more generally, on the dissection of the mutualistic relationship between temperate phages and bacteria, as well as on continuing developments in the synthetic biology field.

Molecular analysis of the murine lupus-associated anti-self response: involvement of a large number of heavy and light chain variable region genes

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Kofler ◽  
Daniel J. Noonan ◽  
Robert Strohal ◽  
Robert S. Balderas ◽  
Niels P. H. Moller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Murine Lupus ◽  
Variable Region Genes

scholarly journals Unrearranged immunoglobulin variable region genes have a functional promoter

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1841-1856 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Bentley ◽  
Paul J. Farrell ◽  
Terence Rabbitts
Keyword(s):  
Variable Region ◽  
Immunoglobulin Variable Region ◽  
Variable Region Genes

scholarly journals Multiple related immunoglobulin variable-region genes identified by cloning and sequence analysis.

1978 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 3881-3885 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Seidman ◽  
A. Leder ◽  
M. H. Edgell ◽  
F. Polsky ◽  
S. M. Tilghman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Immunoglobulin Variable Region ◽  
Variable Region Genes

Complexity of human T-cell antigen receptor β-chain constant- and variable-region genes

Nature ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 312 (5994) ◽  
pp. 541-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Sims ◽  
A. Tunnacliffe ◽  
W. J. Smith ◽  
T. H. Rabbitts
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
T Cell Antigen Receptor ◽  
Cell Antigen Receptor ◽  
Cell Antigen ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Variable Region Genes ◽  
Β Chain

T-cell receptor beta-chain expression: dependence on relatively few variable region genes

Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 229 (4713) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Behlke ◽  
D. Spinella ◽  
H. Chou ◽  
W Sha ◽  
D. Hartl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Beta Chain ◽  
T Cell Receptor Beta ◽  
Variable Region Genes ◽  
Receptor Beta
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