How rapidly do pathogens decay in sewage sludge treatment?

Can sewage sludge be treated for shorter times than those currently required by national regulations? Key plant nutrients are lost by long-term storage of biosolids. Shorter treatment times are desirable, provided microbiological safety is assured. We have, therefore, investigated decay times of key pathogens present in raw sewage.

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COMPARISON OF THE LONG-TERM SECURITY OF SEWAGE-SLUDGE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OPTIONS

Water and Environment Journal ◽

10.1111/j.1747-6593.2003.tb00440.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 92-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. Rudd ◽

A. Simpson ◽

P. Lowe ◽

T. Dearsley ◽

T. Bane

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Sludge Treatment ◽

Sewage Sludge Treatment ◽

Disposal Options ◽

Treatment And Disposal

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GASIFICATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE

Energy Technologies & Resource Saving ◽

10.33070/etars.2.2018.02 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 9-15

Author(s):

V.P. Kljus ◽

S.V. Kljus ◽

G.A. Chetverik ◽

V.P. Demchina

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Ash Content ◽

Combustion Heat ◽

Fuel Gas ◽

Saw Dust ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Ash Residue ◽

Two Stages ◽

Term Storage

As evidenced by our works as well as a number of other researches, sewage sludge is a renewable biological fuel. But the sludge use is quite problematic due to its high humidity and ash content. To reduce the moisture of the initial mass of the sludge, it is recommended to add dry finely dispersed biomass (saw dust, chopped straw). To conduct the research, we selected the long-term storage sludge samples of Bortnichi Activate Sludge Plant of Kiev city and the fresh sludge of the Lvov city purification facilities to produce the granules of 6 mm in diameter. The gaseous conversion of the granules was completed in the two stages according to the «backward heat wave» technology. As it has been established, the coke ash residue accounting for 53–63 % of the output sinters at the temperature of above 700 °С. The research has identified the gaseous conversion parameters, the composition and the combustion heat of the fuel gas. The recommendations pertaining to use of the fuel gas and the coke ash residue have been designed. Accordingly, the research conducted hereunder has discovered the possibility of full and partial gaseous conversion of the sludge granules using the air blast. Bibl. 10, Fig. 5, Tab. 2.

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Combination of High-Pressure Processing and Freeze-Drying as the Most Effective Techniques in Maintaining Biological Values and Microbiological Safety of Donor Milk

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18042147 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 2147

Author(s):

Sylwia Jarzynka ◽

Kamila Strom ◽

Olga Barbarska ◽

Emilia Pawlikowska ◽

Anna Minkiewicz-Zochniak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Human Milk ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Freeze Drying ◽

High Pressure Processing ◽

Microbiological Safety ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Milk Banks ◽

Term Storage

Background: Human milk banks have a pivotal role in provide optimal food for those infants who are not fully breastfeed, by allowing human milk from donors to be collected, processed and appropriately distributed. Donor human milk (DHM) is usually preserved by Holder pasteurization, considered to be the gold standard to ensure the microbiology safety and nutritional value of milk. However, as stated by the European Milk Banking Association (EMBA) there is a need to implement the improvement of the operating procedure of human milk banks including preserving and storing techniques. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of the selected new combination of methods for preserving donor human milk in comparison with thermal treatment (Holder pasteurization). Methods: We assessed (1) the concentration of bioactive components (insulin, adiponectin, leptin, activity of pancreatic lipase, and hepatocyte growth factor) and (2) microbiological safety in raw and pasteurized, high-pressure processed and lyophilization human breast milk. Results: The combination of two techniques, high-pressure processing and freeze-drying, showed the best potential for preserving the nutritional value of human milk and were evaluated for microbiological safety. Microbiological safety assessment excluded the possibility of using freeze-drying alone for human milk sample preservation. However, it can be used as a method for long-term storage of milk samples, which have previously been preserved via other processes. Conclusion: The results show that high-pressure treatment is the best method for preservation that ensures microbiological safety and biological activity but subsequent freeze-drying allowed long-term storage without loss of properties.

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Influence of Long-Term Storage Operating Conditions on the Reduction of Viable Ascaris Eggs in Sewage Sludge for Agricultural Reuse

Water Air & Soil Pollution ◽

10.1007/s11270-016-2816-0 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 227 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Raquel Pinheiro Pompeo ◽

Cleverson Vitório Andreoli ◽

Edilene Alcântara de Castro ◽

Miguel Mansur Aisse

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Term Storage

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Physicochemistry, morphology and leachability of selected metals from post-galvanized sewage sludge from screw factory in Łańcut, SE Poland

Contemporary Trends in Geoscience ◽

10.1515/ctg-2016-0006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 83-91

Author(s):

Dagmara Galas ◽

Jan Kalembkiewicz ◽

Elżbieta Sitarz-Palczak

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Short Term ◽

Accumulation Coefficient ◽

Se Poland ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Iron And Zinc ◽

Two Parameters ◽

Term Storage

Abstract Morphology, physicochemical properties, chemical composition of post-galvanized sewage sludge from Screw Factory in Łańcut, leachability and mobility of metals has been analyzed. The analyses with the use of scanning electron microscope with an adapter to perform chemical analysis of microsites (EDS) showed that the material is characterized by a high fragmentation and a predominant number of irregularly shaped grains. The sewage sludge is alkaline with a large loss of ignition (34.6%) and small bulk density (< 1 g/cm3). The EDS analyses evidenced presence of oxygen, silicon, calcium, chromium, iron and zinc in all examined areas, and presence of manganese and copper in selected areas indicating a non-uniform distribution of metals in the sewage sludge. Within one-stage mineralization and FAAS technique a predominant share of calcium, zinc and iron in terms of dry matter was recorded in the sewage sludge. The contents of Co, Cr, Cu, K, Mn, Ni and Pb in sewage sludge are below 1%. Evaluation of mobility and leaching of metals in sewage sludge was carried out by means of two parameters: accumulation coefficient of mobile fractions and leaching level related to the mass solubility of sewage sludge. The results indicate that the short-term or long-term storage of not inactivated post-galvanized sewage sludge can result in release of metals.

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Modelling of Moisture Movement in Wood during Outdoor Storage

Nonlinear Analysis Modelling and Control ◽

10.15388/na.2001.6.1.15210 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 3-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

R. Baronas ◽

F. Ivanauskas ◽

I. Juodeikienė ◽

A. Kajalavičius

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Finite Difference ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Moisture Movement ◽

Finite Difference Technique ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Space Formulation ◽

Term Storage

A model of moisture movement in wood is presented in this paper in a two-dimensional-in-space formulation. The finite-difference technique has been used in order to obtain the solution of the problem. The model was applied to predict the moisture content in sawn boards from pine during long term storage under outdoor climatic conditions. The satisfactory agreement between the numerical solution and experimental data was obtained.

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