Features of metabolic disorders in chromium mine workers

Introduction. Working conditions, clinical and laboratory status of 236 workers of a chromium mine were investigated. Materials and methods. The observation group included 162 underground employees working in conditions of the combined impact of negative occupational factors (dust, noise, vibration, tension and severity there, cooling microclimate) - class 3.3-3.4. The comparison group included 74 mine employees working in acceptable working conditions - class 2. Results. In the observation group, the pathology of the cardiovascular and endocrine system (ICD-10: I00-I99, E00-E07) was detected 2.8-3.3 times more often (p = 0.001-0.02), the relative risk of disease formation was 2.7-3.2 times higher than in the comparison group (RR = 2.7-3.2; DI = 1.44-9.2; p = 0.001-0.02). Under the conditions of the combined effect of negative production factors, as features of metabolic disorders, it was noted that the most unfavourable - abdominal form of obesity was diagnosed 1.4 times more often (42.0%, p = 0.013), the atherogenic index was 1.2 times higher, and the level HDL is 1.2 times lower than in the comparison group (p = 0.017-0.047); “Metabolic indices” - lipid accumulation coefficient (LAP) and visceral obesity index (VAI) were 1.2-1.4 times higher than the values in the comparison group (p = 0.001-0.048). Conclusions. To implement a complex of medical and preventive measures aimed at increasing life expectancy and working longevity, early prevention of CVD, including among those working in the extraction of chrome ore, it is advisable to consider the introduction of the calculation of early markers of metabolic disorders - VAI and LAP indices in the medical examination programs.

The results of growing young Lena sturgeon (Acipenser baerii Brandt) in the USV on various feed recipes

The effect of Aller Arrow S and Aller Trident S formula feeds on the growth, development and accumulation of fat in the muscles of Lena sturgeon juveniles raised in the conditions of ultrasonic testing for a repair herd was studied. The obtained results of cultivation indicate the effectiveness of the use of Aller Arrow feeds to reduce fat accumulation. It is shown that production feeds with a fat content of 14% and a higher (by 4%) energy-protein ratio contribute to an increase in the fatness coefficient and a decrease in the progonicity index, their use leads to an increase in liver weight by 48.5% (p≥0.05), and the gastrointestinal tract by 5.6%. The ratio of connective and adipose tissues, the density of muscle fibers indicates a more intensive accumulation of fat when using Aller Trident S, which indirectly indicates a higher energy (gastronomic) value of meat, due to an increase in its caloric content. According to the average final mass, mass accumulation coefficient, yield and growth of ichthyomass, relative growth rate, average daily growth, the best results were obtained in juveniles raised on production feed, the economic effect was 400 rubles/m3 of the pool.

Assessment of the hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea

Background. The issues of hydrocarbon (HC) forecasting and prospecting on sea shelves remain relevant. In this paper, an experience of assessing the hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea using the method of basin modelling is demonstrated.Aim. To assess the hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea and to identify prospective areas on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of factual data and the results of modelling sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon systems.Materials and methods. A large volume of geological and geophysical materials and the results of geochemical studies were analysed. Modelling was carried out based on factual data, which made it possible to design space-time digital models of sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon (HC) systems for the main horizons of oil and gas source rocks. Geochemical and lithological studies, as well as modelling, were performed using the Schlumberger PetroMod and QGIS software. A smallscale modelling of sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon systems of the region under study was conducted. In the process of preparing the input data for modelling, a number of necessary structural constructions, lithological-paleogeographic and paleodynamic reconstructions and other special studies were performed, which made it possible to determine the modelling boundary conditions.Results. The studied hydrocarbon systems of the Bering Sea differ in the area and size of the generation source, and consequently, in the volumes of generated hydrocarbons. The maximum specific (per unit area of the generation-accumulation hydrocarbon system (GAHS)) volumes of generated hydrocarbons are predicted in the Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya GAHS of the East Anadyr depression, the Nikolaevskaya Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya and Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya of the Lagoon trough. However, even the most promising areas are attributed to the V category due to the low quality of kerogen and a low accumulation coefficient.Conclusion. In the water area of the Anadyr trough, prospective areas were identified. Two promising levels of oil and gas potential were determined. A quantitative assessment of the hydrocarbon potential of the GAHS was carried out.

PHYTOEXTRACTION OF CADMIUM AND LEAD FROM A CONTAMINATED SOIL USING EUCALYPTUS SEEDLINGS

This study aims to estimate critical concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the soil which negatively affect growth of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. seedlings, and to estimate some phytoextraction parameters for heavy metals (HM) from the soil to evaluate efficiency of seedlings in their potential use in phytotechnology to improve the environment with phytoremediation. Eucalyptus seedlings were treated with Cd concentrations 0, 25, 55, 85, and 110 mg kg-1 dry soil as CdCl2, and Pb concentrations 0, 125, 250, 450, and 550 mg kg-1 dry soil as PbCl2, and the experiment was designed using the completely randomized design (CRD) as a two-factor factorial experiments and the data were analyzed using SAS system. Results showed that the highest percentage decrease in dry weight of stems, leaves and roots were 55, 68.6, and 67.2%, respectively, at the interaction (110 Cd and 550 Pb) mg kg-1 dry soil compared with control, and Cd concentrations in stems, leaves and roots ranged between (0.375-372.167), (0.417-128.167) and (0.583-162.083) mg kg-1, respectively and Pb concentrations in stems, leaves and roots ranged between (9.583-62.375), (10.042-20.417) and (2.875-73.500) mg kg-1. It was found that values ​​of translocation factor (TF), biological accumulation coefficient (BAC), bioconcentration factor (BCF) and concentration index (CI) for Cd ranged between (0.611-4.239), (1.333-28.790), (0.383- 16.840) and (1-490.812) respectively, and values ​​of TF, BAC, BCF, and CI of Pb ranged between (0.275-5.702), (0.769-4.246), (0.295-7.539) and (1-3.833) respectively, and tolerance index (TI) values ​​ranged between (0.370-1). We concluded that Eucalyptus seedlings are suitable for phytoextraction applications within phytoremediation processes of soils contaminated with Cd and Pb.

ECOLIGICAL APPROACH IN IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF INDUCTRIAL METHOD OF OBTAINING AQUACULTURE PRODUCTS

The article considers using the latest technologies with recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS), which allows growing aquaculture objects at high seeding densities all year round. However, it has a number of difficulties and, first of all, the need to purify water from metabolites. An alternative to RAS technology is an ecological approach to growing aquaculture products, which is implemented by us using the artificial eco-systems or, otherwise, agrohydroecosystems based on RAS. An experiment was carried out on the joint cultivation of a sterlet × beluga hybrid with tilapia in an aquaponic module of an integrated storey unit (IED); an increase in the mass accumulation coefficient and average daily growth rate of fish was noted. Due to the right choice of parameters that satisfy the conditions for growing all experimental objects application of IED technology allows obtaining a high increase in the mass of aquatic organisms and additional products per unit area (lettuce, strawberries). The introduction of a hydroponics block into the system reduces the amount of nitrogenous substances in the medium, while an even greater effect can be achieved by adding a microbiological preparation (culture liquid) into the system. When using an IED, raw materials and energy are consumed most efficiently, with a minimum impact on the envi-ronment.

CRYOGENIC ACCUMULATION OF ELECTRICITY GENERATED USING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

Possibilities and prospects of accumulation of the electric power generated on objects of renewable energy sources - solar and wind power plants, with use of cryogenic liquids are considered. A comparison of the three most common ways of accumulating electricity: using lithium-ion batteries, hydrogen, liquid air. According to the proposed technology, the efficiency of recovery of electricity from liquid air is from 54 to 70%. The developed technology is based on cryogenic and thermal accumulation and has a high accumulation coefficient. It is shown that energy storage in cryogenic storage devices is the cheapest today. The proposed technology can also be used to generate electricity from liquefied natural gas using standard equipment developed by industry. The technological scheme of the cryoaccumulating station is offered. Bibl. 10, Fig. 1, Table 1.

Ex situ phytoremediation trial of Sardinian mine waste using a pioneer plant species

The mitigation of metals contamination is currently a crucial issue for the reclamation of mine sites. Indeed, mine wastes are often disposed in open dumps and consequently pollutants are subjected to dispersion in the surrounding areas. In this study, the potential use of Helichrysum microphyllum subsp. tyrrhenicum for phytostabilization was evaluated in ex situ conditions. Ninety specimens were randomly selected and were planted in three substrates (reference substrate, mine waste materials, and mine wastes with compost). Mineralogical compositions of substrates, rhizosphere, and roots were assessed through X-ray diffraction (XRD). Zn, Pb, and Cd concentrations of substrates, rhizosphere, soil pore waters, and plant tissues were determined. The phytostabilization potential was determined through the application of biological accumulation coefficient (BAC), biological concentration factor (BCF), and translocation factor (TF). Moreover, survival and biometric parameters were assessed on plant specimens. The polluted substrates and related rhizosphere materials were mainly composed of dolomite, quartz, pyrite, and phyllosilicate. Zn was the most abundant metal in substrates, rhizosphere, and soil pore waters. XRD analysis on roots showed the presence of amorphous cellulose and quartz and Zn was the most abundant metal in plant tissues. H. microphyllum subsp. tyrrhenicum restricts the accumulation of the metals into roots limiting their translocation in aereal parts, indicating its potential use as phytostabilizer (BCF, BAC, TF < 1). Survival and growth data showed a great adaptability to different substrates, with an evident positive effect of the implementation of compost which increased the plant survival and decreased the metals uptake into roots.

Vermicompost Assisted Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil in Madaka District, Nigeria Using Melissa officinalis L (Lemon balm) and Sida acuta (Stubborn weed)

This research was designed to clean-up through an environmentally friendly techniques, a polluted environment of Madaka District of Shikira. Physicochemical properties of the soil were done using standard methods. Chicken dropping vermicompost (CDV) and goat manure vermicompost (GMV) were produced by standard method to assist the phytoremediation process with plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). Canonical discriminant functions of the heavy metals were done. For the first location (AK) the plant parts of M. officinalis L mopped up heavy metals, the concentration of Cd, As, Pb in plant parts varied from 0.007 to 0.33 mg/kg, As from 0.09 to 4.39 mg/ kg and Pb from 0.07 to 10.35 mg/kg respectively while the concentration of heavy metals in S. acuta parts had Cd, As, Pb varied from 0.002 to 0.43 mg/kg, As from 0.27 to 3.79 mg/ kg and Pb from 1.68 to 10.7 mg/kg respectively. The second location (AM) also had the two plants mopping up heavy metals at different concentrations. the concentration of Cd, As, Pb in M. officinalis L parts varied from 0.03 to 0.41 mg/kg, As from 0.65 to 4.65 mg/ kg and Pb from 1.93 to 11.49 mg/kg respectively while the concentration of heavy metals in S. acuta parts had Cd, As, Pb varied from 0.06 to 0.66 mg/kg, As from 0.68 to 4.64 mg/ kg and Pb from 1.53 to 11.53 mg/kg respectively. Melissa offinalis L and Sida acuta were found most suitable for phytoextraction of sites contaminated with Cd, As and Pb because both of them have their bioconcentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF) and biological accumulation coefficient (BAC) to be ˃1 while both were also scored as phytostabilizer because they have BCF ˃1 and TF ˂1. Soil structural changes pre and post remediation were determined through x-ray fluorescence (XRF spectroscopy) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses.

The assessment of soil contamination with heavy metals in the Vladimir city

To analyze heavy metal contamination of urbanized soil in the Vladimir city, the soil was sampled and studied. The city area is represented by sod-medium podzolic and gray forest urbanized soil. Soil samples analysis included lead, zinc, copper, nickel, manganese, cobalt and chromium. The resulted parameters were compared to the maximum permissible concentrations and background values. The regularities between the studied sites proximity to the industrial enterprises and heavy metals concentration in soil have been found. The coefficients of heavy metals accumulation in soil have been calculated and the metals as priority pollutants with the highest accumulation coefficient have been identified. By calculating the cumulative accumulation index, the city area has been differentiated according to the hazardous degree. The research peculiarity comprises the sampling locations selection – school sites, as the child population is the most vulnerable to the diseases, associated with the heavy metals accumulation in soil.

CUMULATIVE PROPERTIES OF THE NEW ANTI-MIGENOUS COMPOUND IN THE TABLET MEDICAL FORM

Cumulative properties of 2-metoxifenil-imidazobenzimidazole derivative (RU-31) in tablet medical form (8 mg) were studied for development of new drug for migraine treatment. Four-week experiments were carried out on white rats of both sex, with intragastral administration of RU-31 water solution in the doses of 10 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg. On the 29th day the dose of tested compound equal to LD50 was administered to the animals. Due to the calculation of accumulation coefficient(more than 20 units) the tablet form of RU-31 shows the lack of cumulative properties.