Erratum to: Two novel chromosomal loci influence cultivar-specific nodulation failure in the interaction between strain ANU794 and subterranean clover cv. Woogenellup

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 907
Author(s):  
Louise F. Roddam ◽  
Wendy R. Lewis-Henderson ◽  
Michael A. Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Ribosomal Protein L9 ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Cultivar Specificity

The nodulation failure resulting from the interaction between Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii strain ANU794 and the Trifolium subterraneum cv. Woogenellup was examined by transposon mutagenesis to resolve whether multiple determinants were involved in cultivar-specificity. Three new transposon-induced mutants of ANU794 (W72, W78 and W710) with significantly enhanced nodulation ability on cv. Woogenellup were identified. The W72 and W78 mutations are chromosomally-located, whereas the W710 mutation isplasmid-located. The ethylene synthesis inhibitor, aminoethoxyvinylglycine, fails to enhance the nodulation ability of ANU794, ANU7943 (csn1::Tn5) and W78 on cv. Woogenellup, but enhances the nodulation ability of W72,W710 and ANU7941 (nodM::Tn5). DNA sequencing of the W78 locus reveals strong homology to an unknown Mycobacterium open reading frame, and to several bacterial non-haem chloroperoxidases. The previously identified csn1 locus showed homology to the 50S ribosomal protein, L9, with the Tn5 insertion being located in the 5′-untranslated region. The results suggest that cultivar-specificity is mediated by at least two independent mechanisms or determinants, and not by a simple gene-for-gene interaction. The role of ethylene in cultivar specificity is discussed. Cultivar-specific interactions may prove useful in identifying pathways involved in efficient nodule formation and plant-microbe interactions.

Two novel chromosomal loci influence cultivar-specific nodulation failure in the interaction between strain ANU794 and subterranean clover cv. Woogenellup

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise F. Roddam ◽  
Wendy R. Lewis-Henderson ◽  
Michael A. Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Ribosomal Protein L9 ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Cultivar Specificity

The nodulation failure resulting from the interaction between Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii strain ANU794 and the Trifolium subterraneum cv. Woogenellup was examined by transposon mutagenesis to resolve whether multiple determinants were involved in cultivar-specificity. Three new transposon-induced mutants of ANU794 (W72, W78 and W710) with significantly enhanced nodulation ability on cv. Woogenellup were identified. The W72 and W78 mutations are chromosomally-located, whereas the W710 mutation isplasmid-located. The ethylene synthesis inhibitor, aminoethoxyvinylglycine, fails to enhance the nodulation ability of ANU794, ANU7943 (csn1::Tn5) and W78 on cv. Woogenellup, but enhances the nodulation ability of W72,W710 and ANU7941 (nodM::Tn5). DNA sequencing of the W78 locus reveals strong homology to an unknown Mycobacterium open reading frame, and to several bacterial non-haem chloroperoxidases. The previously identified csn1 locus showed homology to the 50S ribosomal protein, L9, with the Tn5 insertion being located in the 5′-untranslated region. The results suggest that cultivar-specificity is mediated by at least two independent mechanisms or determinants, and not by a simple gene-for-gene interaction. The role of ethylene in cultivar specificity is discussed. Cultivar-specific interactions may prove useful in identifying pathways involved in efficient nodule formation and plant-microbe interactions.

scholarly journals Exogenous ACC Deaminase Is Key to Improving the Performance of Pasture Legume-Rhizobial Symbioses in the Presence of a High Manganese Concentration

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1630
Author(s):  
Ana Paço ◽  
José Rodrigo da-Silva ◽  
Denise Pereira Torres ◽  
Bernard R. Glick ◽  
Clarisse Brígido
Keyword(s):  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Knockout Mutant ◽  
Mn Toxicity ◽  
Pasture Legume

Manganese (Mn) toxicity is a very common soil stress around the world, which is responsible for low soil fertility. This manuscript evaluates the effect of the endophytic bacterium Pseudomonas sp. Q1 on different rhizobial-legume symbioses in the absence and presence of Mn toxicity. Three legume species, Cicer arietinum (chickpea), Trifolium subterraneum (subterranean clover), and Medicago polymorpha (burr medic) were used. To evaluate the role of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase produced by strain Q1 in these interactions, an ACC deaminase knockout mutant of this strain was constructed and used in those trials. The Q1 strain only promoted the symbiotic performance of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii ATCC 14480T and Ensifer meliloti ATCC 9930T, leading to an increase of the growth of their hosts in both conditions. Notably, the acdS gene disruption of strain Q1 abolished the beneficial effect of this bacterium as well as causing this mutant strain to act deleteriously in those specific symbioses. This study suggests that the addition of non-rhizobia with functional ACC deaminase may be a strategy to improve the pasture legume–rhizobial symbioses, particularly when the use of rhizobial strains alone does not yield the expected results due to their difficulty in competing with native strains or in adapting to inhibitory soil conditions.

Rhizobium Inoculation Induces Condition-Dependent Changes in the Flavonoid Composition of Root Exudates From Trifolium subterraneum

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
CGR Lawson ◽  
BG Rolfe ◽  
MA Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
Rapid Induction ◽  
Hplc Profiles ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Root Tissues

Rapid induction of chalcone synthase (predominantly CHSS) gene expression occurs within 6 h following the inoculation of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii strain ANU843 on Trifolium subterraneum or wounding of plants (C. G. R. Lawson, M. A. Djordjevic, J. J. Weinman and B. G. Rolfe. 1994. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 7, 498-507). Experiments were conducted under the same conditions to examine the time of onset of synthesis and excretion of flavonoids that might result from this early CHS expression. Flavonoids in root tissues and root exudates were examined by HPLC analysis and the ability of fractionated and unfractionated material to induce nodulation gene expression in Rhizobium measured. There were no detectable changes in nod-gene-inducing activity of individual HPLC fractions of root exudates of 1 day dark-grown roots after Rhizobium inoculation. In contrast, after 3 days exposure to Rhizobium, analysis of specific HPLC fractions showed the presence of an additional nod-gene-inducing compound which the data indicate was 4′,7-dihydroxyflavone. A different and additional nod gene inducer was found in inoculated 5 day samples of root exudate of light-grown plants indicating that light exposure changes the HPLC profiles as well as the nod-gene-inducing compound(s). Exudates collected from wounded plants were considerably different from those from Rhizobium-inoculated and uninoculated plants and contained no detectable nod gene inducers. The late detection (at day 3) of Rhizobium-induced flavonoid excretion may occur too late to be directly correlated with the observed expression of CHS 6 h after inoculation. In addition, the data suggest that although the CHS5 promotor responds to both wounding and Rhizobium inoculation, the biochemical consequences of CHS5 induction resulting from these treatments are different.

Persistence of introduced strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv trifolii in acidic soils of north-eastern Victoria

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 829 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Slattery ◽  
D. R. Coventry
Keyword(s):  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Nodule Occupancy ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
High Background ◽  
Poor Tolerance ◽  
Acidic Sites ◽  
Commercial Inoculant

Summary. A 5-year study was undertaken to establish if introduced rhizobia with higher tolerance to Al than the current inoculant Rhizobium can persist and continue nodulating subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) in acidic soils. Two Rhizobium leguminosarum bv trifolii strains were introduced as seed inoculants with subterranean clover at 2 acidic sites (pHCa 4.1 and pHCa 4.3), where lime and gypsum had been applied as soil amendments. Strain NA3001 was selected for its tolerance to high Al concentrations when grown on an agar medium and WU95, which is a widely used commercial inoculant strain, for its relatively poor tolerance to Al when grown on agar. Liming the soil increased its pH and reduced the concentration of extractable Al at both sites. In the year the subterranean clover was sown, strain WU95 had nodule occupancy of 20–49%, decreasing with time to 4–7% after 5 seasons (1991–95). The nodule occupancy of strain NA3001 was initially lower than strain WU95 (14–16%), but its occupancy did not vary with time (significant strain x time interactions, P<0.05). These data indicate that the acid-tolerant strain NA3001 has the potential to persist in these strongly acidic soils and, despite the presence of high background populations of naturalised rhizobia, to continue initiating nodulation. The use of soil amendments (lime and gypsum) to increase pH and reduce soluble Al concentrations did not affect the nodule occupancy of either NA3001 or WU95 with time, nor did it slow the rate of decline in nodule occupancy of WU95.

Boron deficiency in pasture based on subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) is linked to symbiotic malfunction

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo J. Hamilton ◽  
Kevin F. M. Reed ◽  
Elainne M. A. Leach ◽  
John Brockwell
Keyword(s):  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Effective Strain ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Initial Application ◽  
Clover Root ◽  
Clover Seed

Field and glasshouse experiments confirmed the occurrence of boron (B) deficiency in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) pasture in eastern Victoria. Diminished productivity was linked to the small-seededness of clover and the poor effectiveness of clover root-nodule bacteria (rhizobia, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii). Productivity, especially of clover and clover seed, increased following applications of up to 6 kg B ha–1 (P < 0.001). The response was delayed, occurring several years after the initial application of B, unless the land was resown with fresh clover seed inoculated with an effective strain of rhizobia. B deficiency in the nodulated legume induced conditions within the plant and or its rhizobia that led to impaired nitrogen (N2) fixation. Glasshouse research indicated that populations of soil-borne rhizobia taken from B-deficient soils were poorly effective in N2 fixation and that rhizobia from soils growing subterranean clover cv. Leura were significantly less effective (P < 0.05) than rhizobia from a soil growing cv. Mt Barker. Additionally, subterranean clover seed generated in B-deficient soils was at least one-third smaller than the seed of commercial seed but responded to inoculation with effective rhizobia. This indicated that any symbiotic malfunction of clover from B-deficient soils was not due to an inability to respond to nitrogen per se. On the other hand, cv. Leura from B-deficient soils fixed significantly less N2 than commercial cv. Leura when each was inoculated with rhizobia from B-deficient soils.

Nutritional restraints on subterranean clover grown on acid soils used for crop-pasture rotation

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Coventry ◽  
JR Hirth ◽  
KKH Fung
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Manganese Toxicity ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
North East ◽  
Matter Production

Lime, N and molybdenum fertilizers were used to establish how soil acidity limits the growth of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum), in pot culture, on acid soils taken from north-east Victoria. The results indicate that two nutritional factors associated with the growth of subterranean clover are affected by excess acidity. These are manganese toxicity and ineffective nodulation of the clover. The plants grown on one unlimed soil (Rutherglen) had manganese concentrations and symptoms consistent with manganese toxicity. Liming the second soil (Lilliput) overcame a N deficiency by way of increased nodule formation. A third nutritional factor commonly associated with excess acidity, and found on the Lilliput soil, molybdenum deficiency, was not alleviated by the application of lime. Instead, the application of molybdenum fertilizer gave increases in clover dry matter production at all lime rates. In the absence of molybdenum fertilizer, the molybdenum concentration of the herbage was extremely low, irrespective of liming. These results are discussed in relation to already established field responses of subterranean clover to lime, and the management of the clover-ley system on the strongly acid soils.

scholarly journals Studies on Nodulating Capacity of Some Forage Legumes Grown Alone or in Mixtures

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. VASILEVA ◽  
M. ATHAR
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Phosphorus Use Efficiency ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT: A pot experiment was conducted to study the nodulating capacity of some forage legumes. Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L), sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) and subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) were grown in pure culture (100%) and in mixtures with tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) in the ratios: birdsfoot trefoil + tall fescue (50:50%); sainfoin + tall fescue (50:50%); subterranean clover + tall fescue (50:50%); birdsfoot trefoil + subterranean clover + tall fescue (33:33:33%); sainfoin + subterranean clover + tall fescue (33:33:33%). Birdsfoot trefoil from the crops cultivated in pure stands showed the highest nodulation rating (31), followed by sainfoin (26) and subterranean clover (26). Nodulation rating in binary mixtures with grass component increased to 16.1% for birdsfoot trefoil and to 23.1% for subclover. Birdsfoot trefoil, both in pure stands and in mixtures, showed the highest phosphorus use efficiency for nodule formation.

Corrigendum to: Boron deficiency in pasture based on subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) is linked to symbiotic malfunction

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Leo J. Hamilton ◽  
Kevin F. M. Reed ◽  
Elainne M. A. Leach ◽  
John Brockwell
Keyword(s):  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Clover Root ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Clover Seed

Field and glasshouse experiments confirmed the occurrence of boron (B) deficiency in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) pasture in eastern Victoria. Diminished productivity was linked to the small-seededness of clover and the poor effectiveness of clover root-nodule bacteria (rhizobia, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii). Productivity, especially of clover and clover seed, increased following applications of up to 6 kg B ha–1 (P B deficiency in the nodulated legume induced conditions within the plant and or its rhizobia that led to impaired nitrogen (N2) fixation. Glasshouse research indicated that populations of soil-borne rhizobia taken from B-deficient soils were poorly effective in N2 fixation and that rhizobia from soils growing subterranean clover cv. Leura were significantly less effective (P Additionally, subterranean clover seed generated in B-deficient soils was at least one-third smaller than the seed of commercial seed but responded to inoculation with effective rhizobia. This indicated that any symbiotic malfunction of clover from B-deficient soils was not due to an inability to respond to nitrogen per se. On the other hand, cv. Leura from B-deficient soils fixed significantly less N2 than commercial cv. Leura when each was inoculated with rhizobia from B-deficient soils.

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