Physicochemical Studies of Conglutin γ, a Storage Globulin From Seeds of Lupinus angustifolius

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Blagrove ◽  
JM Gillespie ◽  
GG Lilley ◽  
EF Woods
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Optical Rotatory Dispersion ◽  
Sedimentation Equilibrium ◽  
Native Protein ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Physicochemical Studies ◽  
Α Helix

Physicochemical studies are reported for conglutin �, the minor globulin isolated from seeds of L. angustifolius cv. Uniwhite. Isoelectric focusing of the native protein in polyacrylamide gel slabs resolved major and minor broad bands near pH 8.0 and 7.8 respectively. Following reduction of disulfide bonds with β-mercaptoethanol in 8 M urea, the smaller polypeptide chain of known sequence focused near pH 6.9 while the larger chain focused near pH 8.0. Sedimentation equilibrium studies showed that the major component in aqueous buffers at neutral pH is a hexamer of molecular weight 280 000 which dissociates to the monomer of molecular weight 47 000 at pH 4.8. The sequence molecular weight of the small subunit polypeptide is 16 517 [Elleman, T.C. (1977). Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 30, 33-45]. The molecular weights determined for the larger chain by sedimentation equilibrium or column chromatography in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride, and by dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were in the range 28 000-30 000. Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism measurements have been used to establish the approximate proportions of α-helix (15%), β-structure (35%), β-turns (18%) and unordered regions (32%) in the native protein. The denaturation curve for guanidine hydrochloride and the proportions of α-helix (50%), β-turns (18%) and unordered regions (32%) in 80 % trifluoroethanol have been determined.

scholarly journals Purification and properties of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from sheep liver

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Villet ◽  
K. Dalziel
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sedimentation Velocity ◽  
Sedimentation Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sheep Liver ◽  
Equilibrium Sedimentation ◽  
Purification And Properties

A method is described for the isolation of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from sheep liver. The product appears to be homogeneous in polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and in sedimentation-velocity and sedimentation-equilibrium studies in the ultracentrifuge. The molecular weight is estimated as 129000 from equilibrium sedimentation.

Subunit Structure and some Properties of Pyruvate Kinase of Neurospora

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Pyruvate Kinase ◽  
Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Sedimentation Equilibrium ◽  
Phosphoryl Group ◽  
Subunit Structure ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Variable Extent ◽  
High Concentrations

Pyruvate kinase isolated from Neurospora and purified to homogeneity has been shown to be a tetramer of molecular weight around 242 000 by gel filtration studies and 239 000 daltons by sedimentation equilibrium measurements. The monomer produced by treatment with guanidine hydrochloride is found to be 51 000–52 000 daltons by sedimentation equilibrium studies; a molecular weight of 62 000 was determined for the monomer generated by SDS treatment by electrophoresis in SDS–polyacrylamide gels. The enzyme has an isoelectric point of 6.35–6.41. Substrate saturation kinetics of PEP show a variable extent of cooperativity depending upon the buffer ions employed in the assay. ADP is the most effective phosphoryl group acceptor, GDP and IDP being poor substitutes. A divalent cation, Mg2+, is required for activity. At low concentrations, Ca2+ acts as an activator of pyruvate kinase but it is inhibitory at high concentrations. Fructose 1,6-diphosphate is the most potent allosteric activator, fructose 6-phosphate being next in order of effectiveness. Valine is a powerful inhibitor. Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan are without any effect individually, but their simultaneous presence results in a considerable activation. Alanine does not affect this enzyme appreciably.

Some Physical Parameters of Succinyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase of Escherichia coli

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 594-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Krebs ◽  
William A. Bridger
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Apparent Molecular Weight ◽  
Random Coil ◽  
Sedimentation Equilibrium ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Α Helix ◽  
Succinyl Coenzyme A Synthetase

A physical study of succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase of Escherichia coli has been conducted. The extinction coefficient for the enzyme at 280 nm [Formula: see text] has been evaluated by two independent methods and found to be equal to 4.9 ± 0.2. Sedimentation equilibrium studies show that there is a marked dependence of the apparent molecular weight upon the concentration of the enzyme. At concentrations above 1 mg/ml, the enzyme exists predominantly as an α2β2 tetramer of overall molecular weight near 140 000; at lower concentrations, a significant fraction of the enzyme dissociates to an αβ dimer. The circular dichroism spectrum of the enzyme suggests a high proportion of random coil structure, with small contributions of α-helix and β-structure.

scholarly journals The purification and molecular properties of the tryptophan-sensitive 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase from Neurospora crassa

1981 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Nimmo ◽  
J R Coggins
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Sedimentation Equilibrium ◽  
Phosphate Synthase

Neurospora crassa contains three isoenzymes of 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase, which are inhibited by tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine respectively, and it was estimated that the relative proportions of the total activity were 54%, 14% and 32% respectively. The tryptophan-sensitive isoenzyme was purified to homogeneity as judged by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation. The tyrosine-sensitive and phenylalanine-sensitive isoenzymes were only partially purified. The three isoenzymes were completely separated from each other, however, and can be distinguished by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and Ultrogel AcA-34 and polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate indicated that the tryptophan-sensitive isoenzyme contained one type of subunit of molecular weight 52000. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was found to be 200000 by sedimentation-equilibrium centrifugation, indicating that the enzyme is a tetramer, and the results of cross-linking and gel-filtration studies were in agreement with this conclusion.

scholarly journals The molecular weight and properties of a neutral metallo-endopeptidase from rabbit kidney brush border

1974 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Kerr ◽  
A. J. Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate ◽  
Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Sedimentation Equilibrium ◽  
Rabbit Kidney

1. Some properties of a brush-border neutral endopeptidase purified from rabbit kidney were investigated. The peptidase was assayed by its ability to hydrolyse [125I]iodoinsulin B chain. 2. The enzyme was found to be homogeneous when studied in the analytical ultracentrifuge and stained as a single glycoprotein band after electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. 3. The molecular weight was estimated by gel filtration in columns of Sephadex G-200, by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in the presence of 2-mercapto-ethanol and sodium dodecyl sulphate and by sedimentation equilibrium in the ultra-centrifuge. The estimates fell within the range 87000–96000. The mean from two sedimentation equilibrium experiments was 93000, though this estimate may be slightly inflated because of the carbohydrate component of the enzyme. No evidence of dissociation into smaller subunits was obtained in the presence of thiol, sodium dodecyl sulphate or guanidine hydrochloride. 4. The endopeptidase was maximally active at pH6.0, although in phosphate buffer, which was strongly inhibitory, an optimum above pH8 was observed. 5. The enzyme was not affected by di-isopropyl phosphofluoridate nor by several thiol reagents. It was, however, strongly inhibited by many thiols and by EDTA and other chelating agents. 6. Although activity of the EDTA-treated enzyme could be partially restored by various bivalent metal ions, the optimum concentration for its reactivation by Zn2+ was lower than that for other ions. This metal was detected in the enzyme preparation by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in an amount equivalent to approximately one atom/mol. 7. The enzyme is the only endopeptidase shown to be located in the kidney brush border and is the first mammalian example of a neutral Zn2+- activated endopeptidase to be characterized.

Molecular Weight of Legumin From Pisum sativum

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Blagrove ◽  
GG Lilley ◽  
R Davey
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sedimentation Equilibrium ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Subunit Molecular Weight ◽  
A Value ◽  
Oligomeric Protein ◽  
Physicochemical Studies ◽  
Pea Seed

There have been many physicochemical studies of legumin, one of the major storage globulins isolated from pea seed. The more recent literature values for the molecular weight of this protein are in the range 390 000-420 000. These results are not consistent with the subunit molecular weight of legumin determined by dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, if a hexameric model is assumed. We have measured the molecular weight of a highly purified sample of Pisum legumin by meniscus depletion sedimentation equilibrium and have found a value of 350 000 � 10 000. Since the oligomeric protein is homogeneous with respect to molecular weight, the heterogeneity reported for the subunit polypeptides, using various conditions of electrophoresis, presumably reflect differences in charge and amino acid composition. The molecular weight of legumin is significantly greater than the value of 325 000 found for cucurbitin, the equivalent crystalline protein isolated from pumpkin seed.

scholarly journals Calcium-binding proteins in the vorticellid spasmoneme

1978 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
LM Routledge
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Calcium Binding Proteins ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel

The proteins of the contractile spasmoneme from Vorticella convallaria, Carcheslium polypinum, and Zoothamnium geniculatum have been extracted in the detergent, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), as well as urea and guanidine hydrochloride (GuCl). After SDS extraction, the molecular weight distribution of the proteins was examined by means of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Significant amounts of material corresponding to the contractile proteins actin and tubulin are not present. The contractile organelles in the three species examined contain a group of closely related proteins of molecular weight near 20,000, which constitute a major part (40-60%) of the dry mass. The 20,000 mol wt proteins in Zoothamnium bind calcium with high affinity (pK congruent to 6) and are termed "spasmins." By means of urea polyacrylamide gel electrophorsis, it is demonstrated that in Carchesium and Zoothamnium certain spasmin components bind calcium even in the presence of 6 M urea. The binding of calcium in 6 M urea suggests a functional relationship between the spasmins and the calcium-binding proteins of striated muscle which behave similarly. The calcium binding in urea also indicates that the spasmins within a single spasmoneme have different calcium affinities, and this difference in calcium-binding properties may be an important factor in the physiological function of the organelle.

scholarly journals Structural studies on individual components of bovine transferrin

1973 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. Richardson ◽  
N. Buttress ◽  
A. Feinstein ◽  
A. Stratil ◽  
R. L. Spooner
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Sedimentation Equilibrium ◽  
Sialic Acid Content ◽  
Equilibrium Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Peptide Maps ◽  
Bovine Transferrin

The single-banding components of bovine transferrin from animals homozygous for the four transferrin variants found in the U.K. were isolated. Sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation and sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis showed that the bands of a single variant have molecular weights of 77500 and 73300 respectively. The different bands of a single variant and single bands of different variants show no evidence of size heterogeneity or of low-molecular-weight peptides being split off after reduction in 6m-guanidine hydrochloride. The two slower bands of a single variant, which both contain 2 molecules of sialic acid/molecule of protein, have the same molecular weight and amino acid composition, and give identical peptide ‘maps’, although differences in composition and peptide ‘maps’ occur between the different variants. The results support the concept that bovine transferrin is essentially a single polypeptide chain, but they do not explain differences in electrophoretic mobility between bands of the same variant which are not produced by differing sialic acid content.

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