A novel method for providing scaffold: Decellularization of parathyroid capsule

This study aimed to generate a novel biomatrix from the decellularized human parathyroid capsule using different methods and to compare the efficiency of decellularization in the means of cell removal, structural integrity and extracellular matrix preservation. The parathyroid capsules, which were carefully dissected from the parathyroid tissue, were randomly divided into four groups and then decellularized using three different protocols: freeze-thaw only, sodium dodecyl sulphate and Triton X-100 treatments after freeze-thawing. Quantitative DNA analysis, agarose gel electrophoresis, sulphated glycosaminoglycan assay, histological analysis, immunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the efficiency of parathyroid capsule decellularization and preservation of extracellular matrix components. Considering all the results, it can be said that only freeze-thawing is not an effective method in parathyroid capsule decellularization. When the tissue was treated with a detergent agent in addition to freeze-thawing, the amount of DNA decreased by 90% while sulphated glycosaminoglycan amount maintained 50% compared to untreated tissue. Comparing the effects of the two detergents on the preservation of extracellular matrix such as collagen and sulphated glycosaminoglycan, it was seen that the integrity of tissues treated with Triton X-100 was preserved more than tissues treated with sodium dodecyl sulphate. It is concluded that Triton X-100 treatment with freeze-thawing is the most suitable and effective method for decellularizing the human parathyroid capsule. The biomatrix obtained with this method can be applied in the transplantation of parathyroid tissue and other endocrine tissue types in the body.

Optimalisasi Waktu Inkubasi dan Konsentrasi Pepsin pada Aktivitas Produksi Serum Anti Tetanus

Tetanus merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh kuman Clostridium tetani. Penyakit ini termasuk mematikan di negara berkembang. Melihat masih tingginya kasus tetanus di negara berkembang serta untuk memberikan pelayanan terbaik dan pengobatan efektif terhadap pasien yang terkena penyakit tetanus, maka diperlukan optimalisasi pada proses pembuatan serum anti tetanus, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kapasitas produksi dan kualitas serum yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui optimalisasi waktu inkubasi dan konsentrasi pepsin pada aktivitas produksi serum anti tetanus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan software khusus densitometri Design of Experiment (DoE) dengan metode Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Elektroforesis (SDS PAGE) bahwa konsentrasi optimum didapatkan pada sampel anti tetanus ke-7 dengan konsentrasi pepsin sebesar 0,18 % dalam waktu inkubasi 5 jam.

Study of Elodea canadensis elimination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate and NH4Cl

The absorption of an anionic surfactant - sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) by a Elodea canadensis was studied. Macrophyte (20 g/L wet weight) reduced the concentration of this surfactant from 2 mg/L by 90% within 2 days. A negative effect of SDS on the elimination of ammonium nitrogen by E. canadensis was shown with its content from 1·10-4 M. Thus, in the presence of 1·10-4 M SDS, E. canadensis reduced the concentration of ammonium nitrogen by 51% of the initial value in 2 days (in the control - without surfactants - 92% of the pollutant was absorbed).