Perspectives on transgenic livestock in agriculture and biomedicine: an update

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Piedrahita ◽  
Natasha Olby

It has been 30 years since the first transgenic mouse was generated and 26 years since the first example of transferring the technology to livestock was published. While there was tremendous optimism in those initial years, with most convinced that genetically modified animals would play a significant role in agricultural production, that has not come to be. So at first sight one could conclude that this technology has, to a large extent, failed. On the contrary, it is believed that it has succeeded beyond our original expectations, and we are now at what is perhaps the most exciting time in the development and implementation of these technologies. The original goals, however, have drastically changed and it is now biomedical applications that are playing a central role in pushing both technical and scientific developments. The combination of advances in somatic cell nuclear transfer, the development of induced pluripotent stem cells and the completion of the sequencing of most livestock genomes ensures a bright and exciting future for this field, not only in livestock but also in companion animal species.

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tong Yu ◽  
Xin Qi ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Wei Ning ◽  
Di Gao ◽  
...  

Summary N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) regulates oocyte-to-embryo transition and the reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. However, the role of m6A methylation in porcine early embryonic development and its reprogramming characteristics in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos are yet to be known. Here, we showed that m6A methylation was essential for normal early embryonic development and its aberrant reprogramming in SCNT embryos. We identified a persistent occurrence of m6A methylation in embryos between 1-cell to blastocyst stages and m6A levels abruptly increased during the morula-to-blastocyst transition. Cycloleucine (methylation inhibitor, 20 mM) treatment efficiently reduced m6A levels, significantly decreased the rates of 4-cell embryos and blastocysts, and disrupted normal lineage allocation. Moreover, cycloleucine treatment also led to higher levels in both apoptosis and autophagy in blastocysts. Furthermore, m6A levels in SCNT embryos at the 4-cell and 8-cell stages were significantly lower than that in parthenogenetic activation (PA) embryos, suggesting an abnormal reprogramming of m6A methylation in SCNT embryos. Correspondingly, expression levels of m6A writers (METTL3 and METTL14) and eraser (FTO) were apparently higher in SCNT 8-cell embryos compared with their PA counterparts. Taken together, these results indicated that aberrant nuclear transfer-mediated reprogramming of m6A methylation was involved in regulating porcine early embryonic development.


2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio D. German ◽  
Keith H.S. Campbell ◽  
Elisabeth Thornton ◽  
Gerry McLachlan ◽  
Dylan Sweetman ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manash P. Borgohain ◽  
Krishna Kumar Haridhasapavalan ◽  
Chandrima Dey ◽  
Poulomi Adhikari ◽  
Rajkumar P. Thummer

Cell Research ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 850-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuya Zhou ◽  
Chenhui Ding ◽  
Xiaoyang Zhao ◽  
Eryao Wang ◽  
Xiangpeng Dai ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huseyin Sumer ◽  
Karen L. Jones ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Corey Heffernan ◽  
Pollyanna A. Tat ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Song Hua ◽  
Henry Chung ◽  
Kuldip Sidhu

AbstractBackground: Therapeutic cloning is the combination of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and embryonic stem cell (ES) techniques to create specific ES cells that match those of a patient. Because ES cells derived by nuclear transfer (SCNT ES cells) are genetically identical to the donor, it will not generate rejection by the host’s immune system and thus therapeutically may be more acceptable. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) are a type of pluripotent stem cell artificially derived from an adult somatic cell by inducing a forced expression of a set of specific pluripotent genes. In the past few years, rapid progress in reprogramming and iPS technology has been made, and it seems to shadow any progress made in SCNT programs.Objective: This review compares the application perspective of SCNT with that of iPS in regenerative medicine.Methods:We conducted a literature search using the MEDLINE (PubMed), Wiley InterScience, Springer, EBSCO, and Annual Reviews databases using the keywords “iPS”, “ES”, “SCNT” “induced pluripotent stem cells”, “embryonic stem cells”, “therapeutic cloning”, “regenerative medicine”, and “somatic cell nuclear transfer”. Only articles published in English were included in this review.Results: These two methods both have advantages and disadvantages. Nevertheless, by using SCNT to generate patient-specific cell lines, it eliminates complications by avoiding the use of viral vectors during iPS generation. Success in in vitro matured eggs from aged women and even differentiation of oocytes from germ stem cells will further enhance the application of SCNT in regenerative medicine.Conclusion: Human SCNT may be an appropriate mean of generating patient stem cell lines for clinical therapy in the near future.


2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Gie Chung ◽  
Shogo Matoba ◽  
Yuting Liu ◽  
Jin Hee Eum ◽  
Falong Lu ◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document