Distribution and abundance of the feral camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Saalfeld ◽  
G. P. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Population Estimate ◽  
Sandy Desert ◽  
High Density Area ◽  
Current Minimum ◽  
Simpson Desert ◽  
A Current

In this paper we utilised a range of data sources to estimate the extent, density distribution and population size of the feral camel in Australia in 2008. Camels currently occupy 3.3 million km2 and are spread across much of arid Western Australia, South Australia, the Northern Territory and far western Queensland. Up to 50% of Australia’s rangelands are reported as having camels present. The research reported here supports a current minimum population estimate for the feral camel in Australia of ~1 million animals at an overall density of 0.29 camels/km2. Densities vary, and the modelling of available data indicates that two substantial areas of high density are present, one centred on the Simpson Desert and the other on the Great Sandy Desert. The high density area covering the eastern part of the Great Sandy Desert has predicted densities in the range of 0.5 to >2 animals/km2 whereas that on the Simpson Desert is in the range 0.5–1.0 animals/km2.

Finding Australian Birds

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Dolby ◽  
Rohan Clarke
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Flinders Ranges ◽  
South West ◽  
Bird Watching ◽  
Australian Birds ◽  
Temperate Woodlands ◽  
International Visitors

Finding Australian Birds is a guide to the special birds found across Australia's vastly varied landscapes. From the eastern rainforests to central deserts, Australia is home to some 900 species of birds. This book covers over 400 Australian bird watching sites conveniently grouped into the best birding areas, from one end of the country to the other. This includes areas such as Kakadu in the Top End and rocky gorges in the central deserts of the Northern Territory, the Great Barrier Reef in Queensland, rainforests distributed along the eastern Australian seaboard, some of the world's tallest forests in Tasmania, the Flinders Ranges and deserts along the iconic Strzelecki and Birdsville Tracks in South Australia, and the mallee temperate woodlands and spectacular coastlines in both Victoria and south west Western Australia. Each chapter begins with a brief description of the location, followed by a section on where to find the birds, which describes specific birdwatching sites within the location's boundaries, and information on accommodation and facilities. The book also provides a comprehensive 'Bird Finding Guide', listing all of Australia's birds with details on their abundance and where exactly to see them. Of value to both Australian birdwatchers and international visitors, this book will assist novices, birders of intermediate skill and keen 'twitchers' to find any Australian species.

The effect of other organisms on the survival rate of Aphodius tasmaniae Hope (Scarabaeidae) in the lower south east of South Australia.

1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Maelzer
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
South Australia ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Competition For Food ◽  
Lower South

The survival rate of the univoltine species Aphodius tasmaniae in improved pastures in the lower south-east of South Australia is influenced by individuals of the same species (i.e. by density) and by individuals of many other species. The species is distributed patchily with areas of high density interspersed with more extensive areas of low density. In the areas of high density, competition for food occurs and larvae may "fight". Such fights result in deaths, but there is little evidence of high mortality resulting from competition and little evidence that "density-induced combat" governs the number of the species. Of the other species which influence A. tasmaniae it is considered that the entomophagous fungus Cordyceps aphodii Mathieson is the only one which, in conjunction with water in winter, causes a sufficiently variable mortality from year to year to contribute significantly towards changes in numbers of A. tasmaniae from generation to generation.

Rem Study of Current Effect on the Structure of Clean Si(111) Surface

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
A. Yamanaka ◽  
H. Ohse ◽  
K. Yagi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Current Direction ◽  
Clean Surface ◽  
Current Effect ◽  
Atomic Steps ◽  
Step Bunching ◽  
Terrace Width ◽  
Step Down ◽  
A Current

Recently current effects on clean and metal adsorbate surfaces have attracted much attention not only because of interesting phenomena but also because of practically importance in treatingclean and metal adsorbate surfaces [1-6]. In the former case, metals deposited migrate on the deposit depending on the current direction and a patch of the deposit expands on the clean surface [1]. The migration is closely related to the adsorbate structures and substrate structures including their anisotropy [2,7]. In the latter case, configurations of surface atomic steps depends on the current direction. In the case of Si(001) surface equally spaced array of monatom high steps along the [110] direction produces the 2x1 and 1x2 terraces. However, a relative terrace width of the two domain depends on the current direction; a step-up current widen terraces on which dimers are parallel to the current, while a step-down current widen the other terraces [3]. On (111) surface, a step-down current produces step bunching at temperatures between 1250-1350°C, while a step-up current produces step bunching at temperatures between 1050-1250°C [5].In the present paper, our REM observations on a current induced step bunching, started independently, are described.Our results are summarized as follows.(1) Above around 1000°C a step-up current induces step bunching. The phenomenon reverses around 1200 C; a step-down current induces step bunching. The observations agree with the previous reports [5].

Ventricular fibrillation during uniform myocardial anoxia due to asphyxia

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (5) ◽  
pp. 955-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay D. Coffman ◽  
D. E. Gregg
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Serum Potassium Level ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
A Current

Thirty-three anesthetized dogs of varying weights were subjected to complete asphyxia by tracheal occlusion to produce uniform anoxia of the heart. Eleven showed electrocardiographic evidence of ventricular fibrillation while the other twenty-two demonstrated cardiac arrest. The development of ventricular fibrillation correlated with the heavier body and heart weights and with a lower average right atrial serum potassium level as compared to the dogs not fibrillating. Other serum electrolytes, pH, body temperature and sex showed no correlation with the arrhythmia. The importance of the fact that large dogs have a greater susceptibility to develop ventricular fibrillation during uniform anoxia of the heart is discussed in relation to experimental research on dogs and to a current theory of the cause of ventricular fibrillation.

Bactrocera tryoni. [Distribution map].

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New South ◽  
South Australia ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Bactrocera Tryoni ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) Diptera: Tephritidae Attacks fruits (including fruit-vegetables such as tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Capsicum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, USA, California, SOUTH AMERICA, Easter Island, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.

Statistics on Jupiter's Current Sheet with Juno Data: Geometry, Magnetic Fields and Energetic Particles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Yang Liu ◽  
Qiu-Gang Zong ◽  
Michel Blanc
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Current Sheet ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Particle Interaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gaussian Functions ◽  
Fixed Energy ◽  
Thin Current Sheet ◽  
A Current

<p>Jupiter's magnetosphere contains a current sheet of huge size near its equator. The current sheet not only mediates the global mass and energy cycles of Jupiter's magnetosphere, but also provides an occurring place for many localized dynamic processes, such as reconnection and wave-particle interaction. To correctly evaluate its role in these processes, a statistical description of the current sheet is required. To this end, here we conduct statistics on Jupiter's current sheet, with four-year Juno data recorded in the 20-100 Jupiter radii, post-midnight magnetosphere. The results suggest a thin current sheet whose thickness is comparable with the gyro-radius of dominant ions. Magnetic fields in the current sheet decrease in power-law with increasing radial distances. At fixed energy, the flux of electrons and protons increases with decreasing radial distances. On the other hand, at fixed radial distances, the flux decreases in power-law with increasing energy. The flux also varies with the distances to the current sheet center. The corresponding relationship can be well described by Gaussian functions peaking at the current sheet center. In addition, the statistics show the flux of oxygen- and sulfur-group ions is comparable with the flux of protons at the same energy and radial distances, indicating the non-negligible effects of heavy ions on current sheet dynamics. From these results, a statistical model of Jupiter's current sheet is constructed, which provides us with a start point of understanding the dynamics of the whole Jupiter's magnetosphere.</p>

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