Biodiversity implications of water management in the Great Artesian Basin.

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Noble ◽  
MA Habermehl ◽  
CD James ◽  
J Landsberg ◽  
AC Langston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
New South ◽  
Grazing Impact ◽  
Artesian Basin ◽  
Land Type ◽  
Great Artesian Basin ◽  
South Wales ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Negative Impacts

The Great Artesian Basin (GAB) underlies a vast, mainly arid, region where most of the indigenous biota are not dependent upon surface water. In contrast, an important minority is dependent on refuges such as mound springs and their associated wetlands. In some parts of the GAB, such as western New South Wales, many springs have either ceased to flow, or are now barely detectable, because the proliferation of artesian waterbores has reduced groundwater pressures. Because of the rarity of species endemic to mound springs, and the damage they have suffered since pastoral settlement, emphasis should be directed towards conservation and possible rejuvenation of these ecosystems. Provision of artificial sources of water allows more widespread grazing by livestock, larger native and feral herbivores, thereby posing threats to native plants and animals that do not use the water. Because of the proliferation of artificial waters and the grazing they allow, terrestrial grazing-sensitive species now appear to be confined to tiny patches in the landscape. Some nature reserves within the GAB retain numerous artificial sources of water. Most of these should be closed over time to reduce negative impacts on grazing-sensitive plants and animals, especially where these species are inadequately protected elsewhere. In those regions where the ratio of artificial to natural waters is still low, consideration should be given to balancing provision of water for livestock with conservation of biological diversity, by maintaining a patchwork of areas remote from water. In regions where the density of artificial waters is high, conservation of biodiversity on freehold and leasehold lands might be enhanced with a mix of approaches accommodating the needs of the biota and the aspirations of landholders, tailored according to land type and condition. Key words: Great Artesian Basin, biological diversity, mound springs, refuges, rare biota, grazing impact, conservation management, groundwater.

New taxa of Tateidae (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) from springs associated with the Great Artesian Basin and Einasleigh Uplands, Queensland, with the description of two related taxa from eastern coastal drainages

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4583 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
W.F. PONDER ◽  
W.-H. ZHANG ◽  
A. HALLAN ◽  
M.E. SHEA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Artesian Basin ◽  
Great Artesian Basin ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Three New Species

Species from artesian springs associated with the Queensland Great Artesian Basin that were previously included in the tateid genus Jardinella are included in three new genera, namely Eulodrobia, with six species, five of them new and all from the Eulo Supergroup; Springvalia, with one species from the Springvale Supergroup; and Carnarvoncochlea with two previously-described species, from the Carnarvon Supergroup. The genus Edgbastonia is extended to include eight previously described species, in addition to the type species, and four new species-group taxa from the Barcaldine Supergroup springs; all but the type species are included in the new subgenus Barcaldinia. Three new species from non-artesian springs in north Queensland are included in Edgbastonia, one of them tentatively. Two additional related new genera, both with a single new species, are described from outside the Great Artesian Basin; Conondalia from southeast Queensland and Nundalia from north-eastern New South Wales. The genus Jardinella, previously used for all the Queensland spring tateids, is here restricted to three species found in coastal rivers and streams in northeast Queensland. A molecular phylogenetic analysis using COI and 16S mitochondrial genes in combination suggests that the Queensland Great Artesian Basin taxa may be more closely related to the tateid genera Austropyrgus, Pseudotricula, Posticobia and Potamopyrgus than to the South Australian GAB taxa, thus indicating the separate origins of these two desert spring faunas. 

Distribution, host preference, and impact of parasitic mistletoes (Loranthaceae) in young eucalypt plantations in New South Wales, AustraliaThis article is one of a collection of papers based on a presentation from the Stem and Shoot Fungal Pathogens and Parasitic Plants: the Values of Biological Diversity session of the XXII International Union of Forestry Research Organization World Congress meeting held in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, in 2005.

Botany ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus J. Carnegie ◽  
Huiquan Bi ◽  
Scott Arnold ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
Doug Binns
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
Corymbia Citriodora ◽  
The Impact

Mistletoe is a common sight in mature eucalypt trees in Australia, especially in remnant stands in agricultural and pastoral areas, where they have been associated with debility and death. We surveyed over 450 eucalypt plantations in New South Wales, Australia, for mistletoe, and report for the first time that mistletoe infestation is becoming a problem in young eucalypt plantations. Forty-three plantations were infected, but only 9 of these had levels of mistletoe of 20% or more trees infected; 4 had levels of 38%, 40%, 65%, and 68%. Mistletoe was observed in plantations ranging in age from 3–10 years old. Species of Corymbia ( Corymbia maculata  (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson and Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata (F. Muell.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson) were the most susceptible to mistletoe. The mistletoe species Dendrophthoe vitellina (F. Muell.) Tiegh. was commonly observed in plantations in both lower and upper northeast New South Wales, while Amyema bifurcata (Benth.) Tiegh. was only observed in the upper northeast. We observed a significant impact on growth of mistletoe, affecting tree growth as young as four years old. Simulated analysis indicated that mistletoe infection can reduce stand basal area by 10% and stand volume by 13%. However, the impact of mistletoe on tree growth was variable across space and time.

scholarly journals The impact of ongoing COVID-19 lockdown on family finances and mental health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Price ◽  
Diana Contreras-Suárez ◽  
Anna Zhu ◽  
Natalie Schreurs ◽  
Mary-Anne Measey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Material Deprivation ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Family Finances ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Australia's public health restrictions ('lockdown') in 2020 successfully contained the spread of COVID-19. These included a national 'initial' lockdown (March-May), and 'ongoing' lockdown (July-November) for metropolitan Victorian residents only. Australia's experience offers an opportunity to assess impacts of lockdown on families with children, in the relative absence of disease morbidity and mortality. This study (1) described the experience of initial lockdown and (2) evaluated the impact of ongoing lockdown, on family finances and mental health. Methods: Data were drawn from the June and September 2020 Royal Children's Hospital National Child Health Polls. Caregivers of children from the states of Victoria and New South Wales reported on job/income loss; material deprivation (inability to pay for essential items); income-poverty; mental health (Kessler-6); impact on caregiver/child mental health; and caregiver/child coping. Data from N=1207/902 caregivers in June/September were analyzed; Aim (1) with weighted descriptives; Aim (2) with Difference-in-Difference adjusted linear regression models (New South Wales provided the comparator). Results: Following initial lockdown, one-quarter of families reported job/income loss; one-third reported material deprivation. Negative impacts on mental health were reported for half the caregivers and one-third of children. Few caregivers or children had difficulties coping. During Victoria's ongoing lockdown, job/income loss increased by 11% (95%CI: 3-18%); Kessler-6 poor mental health by 6% (95%CI: 0.3-12%) and negative mental health impacts by 12% for caregivers (95%CI: 6-23%) and 14% for children (95%CI: 4-20%). Female (versus male) caregivers, metropolitan (versus regional/rural) families, and families with elementary school-aged children (versus pre-/high-school) were most affected. Conclusions: Ongoing lockdown had negative impacts on mental health, employment, and income, but not deprivation or poverty, likely because of the government income supplements introduced early in the pandemic. Balancing the benefits and harms of lockdown requires planned responses to outbreaks, and evidence-informed financial and mental health supports.

Occurrence of silica in the natural waters of the Huntley-Robertson district, southern New South Wales

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Johnson ◽  
WD Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Surface Reaction ◽  
New South ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Core Material ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Rapid Dissolution ◽  
Soluble Silica

The silica concentrations of both ground and surface waters from the Triassic Hawkesbury Sandstone were found to range from 3.0 to 12.0 p.p.m. Samples of soil, surface bedrock, and fresh core material were leached with water, and the results of chemical analyses carried out on the subsequent solutions are discussed with reference to the source of the silica in solution. A time study of the release of soluble silica from sandstone indicated rapid dissolution within the first few days, with equilibrium concentration being reached after a period of several weeks due to inhibiting surface reaction on the mineral grains. A possible explanation, based on the effects of weathering and the impervious nature of the sandstone, is suggested to account for the similarity between the silica concentrations of surface water and groundwater.

Biodiversity and local government: a reporting and accountability perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meropy Barut ◽  
Jean Raar ◽  
Mohammad I Azim
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Rich Diversity

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to illuminate the disclosure of biodiversity material contained in the reported information of 151 local government authorities (LGAs) in New South Wales, Australia. The introduction of the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (an international treaty to sustain the rich diversity of life on earth) has made the issue of fauna management and monitoring, and the associated requirement for cost-effective information, much more important. As local communities are best placed to make decisions about the protection of their local environments, the content in external reports and other disclosures allows stakeholders to gauge how accountable LGAs are regarding the conservation of biodiversity within their geographical jurisdiction. Design/methodology/approach – Content analysis was used to analyze the disclosures of these LGAs. Findings – The results reveal marked differences in the reporting of biodiversity issues. In fact, LGAs in the state of New South Wales (Australia) have been, at best, lukewarm in their disclosure of strategic information relating to biodiversity, particularly in their strategic goals and plans. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the academic literature on biodiversity reporting by investigating existing reporting practices and providing evidence that a universally adopted framework for biodiversity reporting and reporting of local native fauna is required. In particular, the impacts of these practices need to be properly understood for LGAs to provide accountability to their stakeholders.

Radium-226 Content of Natural Waters and Coal in New South Wales

Nature ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 201 (4921) ◽  
pp. 813-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. PALLISTER ◽  
J. H. GREEN
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales

Schoenus rupicola: a narrowly endemic species distinguished from S. melanostachys (Cyperaceae, Schoeneae) in eastern Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Musili ◽  
Jeremy J. Bruhl ◽  
Karen L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Narrow Endemics ◽  
Acid Volcanics

Widespread, common species are of limited value for regional biogeographic studies and of least concern for conservation and land management. In contrast, narrow endemics may be informative for such studies and are usually of high conservation priority. A new species is separated from the widespread species Schoenus melanostachys on the basis of phenetic analysis of morphological data, and integrating evidence from culm anatomy, culm and fruit ornamentation, and corroborated by ecological differentiation. Schoenus rupicola Musili & J.J.Bruhl is found on acid volcanics of south-eastern Queensland and north-eastern New South Wales, adding yet another narrow endemic to the suite of species that characterises the McPherson Range and associated igneous outcrops.

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