The genus Lithophyllum (Lithophylloideae, Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) in south-eastern Australia, with the description of L. riosmenae, sp. nov.

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Harvey ◽  
Wm J. Woelkerling ◽  
A. J. K. Millar
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Biogeographic Regions ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The genus Lithophyllum (Lithophylloideae, Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) is represented by six species in south-eastern Australia L. chamberlainianum Woelkerling & Campbell, L. corallinae (Crouan & Crouan) Heydrich, L. cuneatum Keats, L. pustulatum (Lamouroux) Foslie, L. riosmenae, sp. nov., and L. stictaeforme (Areschoug in Agardh) Hauck. Four of these taxa are commonly found in Australia, whereas L. cuneatum was previously known only from Fiji and L. riosmenae is newly described. Morphological and anatomical accounts are provided, including keys, information on distribution, nomenclature and habitat in south-eastern Australia. South-eastern Australian species are primarily delimited on characters relating to tetrasporangial conceptacles and the presence/absence of a semi-endophytic habit. Ten species of Lithophyllum are now confirmed to occur in Australia and their diagnostic characters are detailed. Confirmed Australian species of Lithophyllum are primarily delimited on characters relating to tetrasporangial conceptacles, the presence/absence of a semi-endophytic habit and the growth-form. Biogeographic comparisons between south-eastern Australia and other Australian biogeographic regions are also made. Eight species of Lithophyllum are known to occur in southern Australia, three in tropical eastern Australia and three in subtropical western Australia. Southern and south-eastern Australia show major overlap, with five species occurring in both regions. L. pustulatum and L. stictaeformae are widely distributed, having been confirmed to occur in eastern tropical, western subtropical, warm temperate and cold temperate waters within Australia.

A new genus for an Australian thrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae) presumed predatory on a waxy eriococcid (Hemiptera, Coccoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1645 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURENCE A. MOUND ◽  
ALICE WELLS
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Circumstantial Evidence ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Single Female ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Callococcithrips gen.n. is erected for the species Rhynchothrips fuscipennis Moulton that lives only among the protective waxy secretions of an eriococcid on Kunzea in south-eastern Australia. Larvae and adults of this thrips move rapidly amongst the sticky wax strands, and their maxillary stylets are unusually long and convoluted. Circumstantial evidence suggests that the thrips is predatory on immature stages of the eriococcid. Also transferred to this genus is Liothrips atratus Moulton, based on a single female from Western Australia.

Opportunities and trade-offs in dual-purpose cereals across the southern Australian mixed-farming zone: a modelling study

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Dual-purpose cereals are employed in the high-rainfall zone of southern Australia to provide additional winter forage. Recently there has been interest in applying this technology in the drier environments of South and Western Australia. It would therefore be useful to gain an understanding of the trade-offs and risks associated with grazing wheat crops in different locations. In this study the APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems Simulator) crop and soil simulation models were linked to the GRAZPLAN pasture and livestock models and used to examine the benefits and costs of grazing cereal crops at 21 locations spanning seven of the regions participating in the Grain & Graze research, development and extension program. A self-contained part of a mixed farm (an annual pasture–wheat rotation plus permanent pastures) supporting a breeding ewe enterprise was simulated. At each location the consequences were examined of: (i) replacing a spring wheat cultivar with a dual-purpose cultivar (cv. Wedgetail or Tennant) in 1 year of the rotation; and (ii) either grazing that crop in winter, or leaving it ungrazed. The frequency of early sowing opportunities enabling the use of a dual-purpose cultivar was high. When left ungrazed the dual-purpose cultivars yielded less grain on average (by 0.1–0.9 t/ha) than spring cultivars in Western Australia and the Eyre Peninsula but more (by 0.25–0.8 t/ha) in south-eastern Australia. Stocking rate and hence animal production per ha could be increased proportionately more when a dual-purpose cultivar was used for grazing; because of the adjustments to stocking rates, grazing of the wheat had little effect on lamb sale weights. Across locations, the relative reduction in wheat yield caused by grazing the wheats was proportional to the grazing pressure upon them. Any economic advantage of moving to a dual-purpose system is likely to arise mainly from the benefit to livestock production in Western Australia, but primarily from grain production in south-eastern Australia (including the Mallee region). Between years, the relationship between increased livestock production and decreased grain yield from grazing crops shifts widely; it may therefore be possible to identify flexible grazing rules that optimise this trade-off.

Rainforest Restoration Manual for South-Eastern Australia

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Peel
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Background Information ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
Species Lists ◽  
Feral Animals ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Rainforest Restoration Manual for South-Eastern Australia is the definitive guide to the recovery and restoration of Subtropical, Warm Temperate, Cool Temperate, Gallery, Dry, Dry Gully and Littoral Rainforests from south-eastern Queensland to Tasmania. All of these rainforest types were inherently rare prior to settlement, and today with depletion, feral animals, weeds and climate change, all are threatened – with many listed under state and federal legislation. The manual presents detailed restoration methods in 10 easy-to-follow steps, documenting the research and trials undertaken during rainforest restoration over more than two decades. These experiments and their results will empower readers to uncover answers to many of the problems they could encounter. The manual is supported by a CD that provides important background information, with 32 appendices, a propagation manual for the region's 735 rainforest plants, an illustrated glossary and resources for teachers. Species lists and specific planting guides are provided for the 57 rainforest floristic communities that occur from the coast to the mountains between Durras Mountain in New South Wales and the Otways in Victoria. Extensively illustrated with colour photographs, this book will empower you or your group to be able to restore, manage, protect and conserve the magnificent rainforests that are in your care. The general principles and techniques described will meet the needs of students and teachers, novices, experienced practitioners, community groups and agencies alike.

Larvae of Leptus (Acarina : Erythraeidae) ectoparasitic on higher insects of Australia and New Guinea

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
RV Southcott
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Larval Leptus (Acarina : Erythraeidae) ectoparasitic on higher insects (Neuroptera. Coleoptera. Lepidoptera. Hymenoptera) are comprehensively reviewed (Diptera were considered previously) . The new species (all from Australia) comprise: L. spinalatus (from Neuroptera); L. belicolus. L. cerambycius. L. faini. L. halli. L. heleus. L. jenseni. L. orthrius. L. tarranus. L. titinius. L. truncatus. L. utheri (all from Coleoptera); L. agrotis, L. georgeae (from Lepidoptera); and L. monteithi (from Hymenoptera). A key is given to the larvae of Leptus from Australia and New Guinea . L. agrotis is an ectoparasite of Agrotis infusa (Boisduval), the bogong moth, whose larvae are an important pasture pest in south-eastern Australia; as well as the larva, the deutonymph and adult are described. Leptus boggohoranus Haitlinger is recorded from a further New Guinea species of Coleoptera. L. charon Southcott, originally described from an Australian dipteran, is recorded as ectoparasitic on an Australian larval lepidopteran (Anthela sp., Anthelidae), as well as from adult Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. Leptus trucidatus (Hull, 1923), comb. nov., is proposed for Achorolophus trucidatus Hull, 1923, an adult from Western Australia.

New Rotifera from the River Murray, South-eastern Australia, with a Review of the Australian Species of Brachionus and Keratella

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Koste
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Brachionus keikoa, sp. nov., Keratella shieli, sp. nov. (family Brachionidae Bartos, 1959), and Filinia pejleri var. grandis, var. nov. (family Filiniidae Bartos, 1959), from the River Murray at Mannum, South Australia, and Lecane ungulata var. australiensis, var. nov. (family Lecanidae Bartos, 1959), from waters associated with the Goulburn River at Alexandra, Victoria, are described and figured. B. keikoa has affinities with the angularis-caudatus species group, differing in the location of the foot-opening, the site of the lateral antennae, and in the morphology of the lorica surface. K. shieli is closely related to the quadrata species group, differing in the morphology of the caudal plate and lorica facets. L. (s.str.) ungulata var. australiensis differs from the type in the form of the anterior lorica border and in larger size. F. pejleri var. grandis has the greatest measurements in length of body and bristles of all described forms so far known from other continents. Figures of some 10 species of Brachionus and of eight species of Keratella are presented for comparative purposes.

Morphological evaluation of the Drosera peltata complex (Droseraceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gibson ◽  
Barry J. Conn ◽  
Jeremy J. Bruhl
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Granite Outcrops ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
South Eastern Australia

A phenetic study of morphological characters of the Drosera peltata complex (Droseraceae) supports the recognition of the following taxa: D. peltata from wetlands of south-eastern Australia; D. auriculata from south-eastern Australia and New Zealand; the morphologically variable D. hookeri from south-eastern Australia and northern New Zealand; the widespread D. lunata from southern and South-East Asia, as well as northern and north-eastern Australia; and the new species D. yilgarnensis R.P.Gibson & B.J.Conn is here described, from around granite outcrops of south-western Australia. D. bicolor from south-western Australia is recognised as a distinct species outside of the D. peltata complex. D. insolita, considered until recently as a distinct species, is reduced to synonymy of D. lunata. Phenotypic plasticity, vegetative similarity and fleetingly produced diagnostic floral and seed characters within the complex pose significant challenges in understanding the taxonomy of these taxa.

Resistance to Phomopsis stem and pod blight of narrow-leafed lupin in a range of environments and its association with reduced Phomopsis seed infection.

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
WA Cowling ◽  
PM Wood
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Mean Frequency ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Phomopsis Leptostromiformis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Resistance to Phomopsis stem and pod blight, caused by Phomopsis leptostromiformis (Knhn) Bubak, in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) was consistently expressed at 5 sites in the southwest of Western Australia and 5 sites in south-eastern Australia in 1984. There was a high correlation (r = 0.95, P< 0.001) of mean Phomopsis stem ratings on the 8 breeding lines and 2 cultivars between the 2 regions of southern Australia. The mean frequency of seed infection by P. leptostromiformis in 6 resistant lines in Western Australia ranged from 0.1 to 1.0% compared with 1.4% in 75A65-5 (a line with intermediate resistance) and 2.0% in Yandee and Chittick (susceptible cultivars). In south-eastern Australia, mean seed infection in 6 resistant lines ranged from 0.0-0.6% compared with 2.3% in 75A65-5, 1.6% in Yandee, and 1.1% in Chittick. There was also a correlation (r = 0.73, P < 0.05) of mean seed infection levels in the 8 lines and 2 cultivars between the regions. Pod blight occurred at significantly lower frequency in resistant lines than in susceptible cultivars at 3 sites in Western Australia where pod lesions were visible. Correlations among Phomopsis stem ratings, pod blight severity, and the frequency of seed infection among lines and cultivars were significantly positive in all comparisons at individual sites and when averaged across the 2 regions of southern Australia.

Geographical distribution of electrophoretically detected protein variation in Australian commercial fishes. I. Jack mackeral, Trachurus declivis Jenyns

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Richardson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Jack Mackerel ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Protein Variation ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Eight polymorphic loci were detected in a survey for electrophoretically detectable protein variation, carried out using liver samples from the Australian jack mackerel, T. declivis. The distribution of gene and genotype frequencies in sample sets from different areas shows that distinct subpopulations of the species occur in Western Australia and in New Zealand and that two or more geographically overlapping but genetically distinct subpopulations occur in the waters around south-eastern Australia.

Tolerance to Sodium Monofluoroacetate in Dasyurids in Western Australia.

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR King ◽  
DR King ◽  
LE Twigg ◽  
LE Twigg ◽  
JL Gardner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The tolerances to sodium fluoroacetate (1080) were estimated for Dasyurus geoffroii (LD*50, ca. 7.5 mg 1080 kg-1), D. hallucatus (ca. 7.5 mg kg-1), Antechinus flavipes (ca. 11.0 mg kg-1) and Phascogale calura (ca. 17.5 mg kg-1) from Western Australia and comparisons were made with D. viverrinus (ca. 1.5 mg kg-1) and A. flavipes (ca. 3.5 mg kg-1) from south-eastern Australia. The species from Western Australia have had evolutionary exposure to naturally occurring fluoroacetate and were more tolerant to the toxin than dasyurids from south-eastern Australia, Presumably, they have acquired this tolerance through feeding on prey which had fed on plants containing fluoroacetate.

A rethink on Retropinna: conservation implications of new taxa and significant genetic sub-structure in Australian smelts (Pisces:Retropinnidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Hammer ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Peter J. Unmack ◽  
Keith F. Walker
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Allozyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Strong Argument ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Eastern Seaboard ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The smelt genus Retropinna nominally includes three small (<150 mm) freshwater fish species endemic to south-eastern Australia and New Zealand. For the two Australian species, the broad range of R. semoni (Weber) on the mainland suggests some vulnerability to isolation and genetic divergence, whereas the apparent confinement of R. tasmanica McCulloch to Tasmania is curious if, as suspected, it is anadromous. Analyses of Australian material using allozyme electrophoresis show five genetically distinct species with contiguous ranges and no evidence of genetic exchange. Three occur along the eastern seaboard (including three instances of sympatry), another in coastal and inland south-eastern Australia and Tasmania, and a fifth species in the Lake Eyre Basin. There is no indication of a simple ‘tasmanica’ v. ‘semoni’ dichotomy, but instead a complex pattern involving discrete clusters for the Upper Murray plus Darling rivers, Lower Murray, Glenelg River and Tasmanian regions, with coastal western Victorian samples having varying affinity to these groups. The overall pattern is one of deep divergences among species and strong genetic sub-structuring within and provides a strong argument for extended studies to prepare for appropriate conservation measures.

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