scholarly journals Controlling elements are wild cards in the epigenomic deck

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (48) ◽  
pp. 18879-18880 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Cropley ◽  
D. I. K. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Controlling Elements ◽  
Wild Cards

The Role of Wild Cards Analysis in Foresight Studies: The Case of Russia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Pavlova ◽  
Yulia Milshina ◽  
Konstantin Vishnevskiy ◽  
Ozcan Saritas
Keyword(s):  
Wild Cards

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of a Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate-Producing Microbacterium Isolate

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehia A. Osman ◽  
Ahmed Abd Elrazak ◽  
Wesam Khater ◽  
EL-Shahat Nashy ◽  
Attia Mohamadeen
Keyword(s):  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Excess Carbon ◽  
Controlling Elements ◽  
Tree Data ◽  
Microbacterium Paraoxydans ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate

Bacterial poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a natural, biodegradable polymer, which is accumulated in the cells as an energy reserve materialdue to depletion of nitrogen or phosphorous in the presence of excess carbon source. This polymer is foreseen to possess high industrialpotentiality and excellent alternative to the non-degradable petroleum-based plastics. In this study, we isolated and characterized a localbacterial strain WA81 which accumulated 18mg/L PHB after 72 h growth in mineral salt medium under nitrogen deficiency. The PHB granuleswere detected in the cells using TEM and the genes encode for this polymer were detected by oligonucleotide primers using PCR technology.The 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence for this isolate was used to construct a phylogentic tree against all available sequences in the GenBank.The phylogenetic tree data suggested that the closest type strain to the local bacterium is the Microbacterium paraoxydans CF36T and hencewe named it Microbacterium sp. strain WA81. Moreover, the set of enzymes responsible for the PHB biosynthetic pathway and their controllingelements were detected in this local isolate using PCR. The genes encode for the biosynthesis enzymes are phbA (β-ketothiolase), phbB(acetoacetly CoA reductase), phbC (PHB polymerase), while the genes encode for the controlling elements are phbP (phasin), phbZ (PHBdepolymerase). The novelty of this local bacterium lies in its ability to accumulate huge amounts of PHB in its cytoplasm and the presence ofa whole set of genes encode for the PHB biosynthetic and catabolic pathways of this polymer.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(2): 143-150 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i2.12277 

Nonlinear Design Model for Multi-Threshold Accelerometer Utilizing Magnetic Induced Multistable Mechanisms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Yu Huang ◽  
Pengbo Liu ◽  
Qifei Fang ◽  
Renjing Gao
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
Design Model ◽  
Acceleration Pulse ◽  
Locking Mechanism ◽  
Nonlinear Design ◽  
Controlling Elements

Different from traditional accelerometer, multi-threshold acceleration switch can be triggered to different working states by external accelerations without complex auxiliary circuits and controlling elements, which has great application potentials in aerospace, vehicle safety and consumer electronics. In this paper, a novel multi-threshold acceleration switch with anti-overloading function is designed and fabricated by incorporating both magnetic multi-stable structures and compliant cantilever contacts, which also can be used to distinguish specific acceleration pulse. To enhance the contact reliability, the magnetic compliant locking mechanism is introduced to prevent bouncing back phenomenon under overload acceleration. Considering the air-damping and multi-magnetic fields coupling effect, the dynamic design model is proposed for analyzing the nonlinear switch response. Then, threshold accelerations can be determined as ac1 = 3.78g, ac2 = 10.2g and ac3 = 6.95g in one direction while threshold accelerations in opposite direction are ac4 = 4.9g, ac5 = 8.47g and ac6 = 5.6g. The switch shows excellent threshold acceleration detection capability, and the inertial switch keeps open while the external acceleration is 0.2g less than the predefined threshold value. The experimental results show that the threshold acceleration with specific pulse width can be accurately identified, and the switch can bear strong overload acceleration comparing to traditional switches. Consequently, the proposed design method provides a new way for intelligent mechanical inertial sensors.

scholarly journals Primary non-random X-inactivation caused by controlling elements in the mouse demonstrated at the cellular level

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohaila Rastan
Keyword(s):  
Staining Method ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Relative Activity ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Cell Selection ◽  
Controlling Elements ◽  
Controlling Element

SUMMARYPrevious studies have shown that different alleles of the mouse X chromosomal controlling element locus, Xce, cause non-random X-chromosome inactivation as judged by variegation in the coats of female mice heterozygous for X-linked coat colour/structure genes, or Cattanach's translocation (Is (X; 7) Ct), or the relative activity of biochemical variants of the X-linked enzyme PGK. This paper presents evidence using the Kanda differential staining method on 6½ d.p.c. and 13½ d.p.c. female mouse embryos heterozygous for the marker X chromosome Is (X; 7) Ct and carrying different Xce alleles, that the Xce locus affects the randomness of X chromosome inactivation. Furthermore the fact that a marked Xce effect is demonstrable in female embryos as early as 6½ d.p.c. (i.e. very soon after the initial time of X-inactivation) is strong evidence that the Xce locus exerts its effect by causing primary non-random X-inactivation rather than by cell selection after initial random X-inactivation.

scholarly journals How Barbara McClintock discovered transposable elements in maize

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Chromosome Breakage ◽  
Dna Transposons ◽  
Barbara Mcclintock ◽  
Controlling Elements ◽  
Earthquake Event ◽  
Maize Kernels ◽  
The Relationship

The paper describes the early part of Barbara McClintock`s work on DNA transposons in maize, in which she discovered the Ac-Ds family of mobile "controlling elements". An account is first given of the cytology of the system that was used to generate intact chromosomes having "sticky" (broken) ends. Cytogenetical aspects of the chromatid and chromosome breakage-fusion-bridge cycles, deriving from breakage, are then described, which leads on to the way in which variegation in phenotypes of the maize kernels could be "read" in terms of chromosome breakage. The "genetic earthquake" event of 1944, triggered by introducing broken chromosomes into a zygote from both parents, lead to the discovery of Ds and Ac. Finding mobility of Ds from one chromosomal location to another was pure serendipity: the transposition showed itself while experiments were being undertaken to accurately map Ds. A similar chance observation revealed transposition of Ac as well, and then the relationship between the two elements was elucidated in terms of their autonomous and non-autonomous nature.

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