Science and data science

Data science has attracted a lot of attention, promising to turn vast amounts of data into useful predictions and insights. In this article, we ask why scientists should care about data science. To answer, we discuss data science from three perspectives: statistical, computational, and human. Although each of the three is a critical component of data science, we argue that the effective combination of all three components is the essence of what data science is about.

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Challenges in the Design of Propulsion Shafting

10.5957/some-2021-003 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

John Kokarakis

Keyword(s):

Sea Water ◽

Weak Links ◽

Critical Component ◽

Lubrication Oil ◽

Three Components

Shafting system in a ship is probably its most critical component. Problems in the propulsion shafting, connecting engine with propeller may let the vessel dead in the water. This study focuses on three components of the shafting system which are well known to cause problems. These are the aft stern tube bearing, the coupling bolts and the sealing arrangement which prevents the ingress of sea water or the leakage of lubrication oil to the sea. A variety of issues related to these “weak” links of the shafting system is analyzed, based on actual cases of damage.

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The Emergence and Future of Public Health Data Science

Public Health Reviews ◽

10.3389/phrs.2021.1604023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Jeff Goldsmith ◽

Yifei Sun ◽

Linda P. Fried ◽

Jeannette Wing ◽

Gary W. Miller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Research ◽

Data Science ◽

Public Health Research ◽

Health Data ◽

Science Methods ◽

Critical Component ◽

Public Health Perspective ◽

Public Health Data ◽

Term Data

Data science is a newly‐formed and, as yet, loosely‐defined discipline that has nonetheless emerged as a critical component of successful scientific research. We seek to provide an understanding of the term “data science,” particularly as it relates to public health; to identify ways that data science methods can strengthen public health research; to propose ways to strengthen education for public health data science; and to discuss issues in data science that may benefit from a public health perspective.

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Multiobjective optimization and decision making in engineering sciences

Optimization and Engineering ◽

10.1007/s11081-021-09627-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jussi Hakanen ◽

Richard Allmendinger

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Multiobjective Optimization ◽

Data Science ◽

Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽

Multiple Criteria ◽

Special Issue ◽

Environmental Aspects ◽

Effective Combination ◽

Engineering Sciences ◽

A Company

AbstractReal-world decision making problems in various fields including engineering sciences are becoming ever more challenging to address. The consideration of various competing criteria related to, for example, business, technical, workforce, safety and environmental aspects increases the complexity of decision making and leads to problems that feature multiple competing criteria. A key challenge in such problems is the identification of the most preferred trade-off solution(s) with respect to the competing criteria. Therefore, the effective combination of data, skills, and advanced engineering and management technologies is becoming a key asset to a company urging the need to rethink how to tackle modern decision making problems. This special issue focuses on the intersection between engineering, multiple criteria decision making, multiobjective optimization, and data science. The development of new models and algorithmic methods to solve such problems is in the focus as much as the application of these concepts to real problems. This special issue was motivated by the 25th International Conference on Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM2019) held in Istanbul, Turkey, in 2019.

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Medicine is a data science, we should teach like it

10.31219/osf.io/e8tgp ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lucy D'Agostino McGowan ◽

Jeffrey T Leek

Keyword(s):

New England ◽

Data Science ◽

Daily Life ◽

Nature Medicine ◽

Uncertain Data ◽

Intimate Relationship ◽

Accurate Diagnosis ◽

Pressure Measurements ◽

Critical Component ◽

Plos Medicine

Medicine has always been a data science. Collecting and interpreting data is a key component of every interaction between physicians and patients. Data can be anything from blood pressure measurements at a yearly exam to complex radiology images interpreted by experts or algorithms. Interpreting these uncertain data for accurate diagnosis, management, and care is a critical component of every physician’s daily life. The intimate relationship between data science and medicine is apparent in the pages of our most prominent medical journals. Using Pubmed, we pulled the abstracts of all papers published in The New England Journal of Medicine, JAMA, Nature Medicine, The Lancet, PLoS Medicine, and BMJ for the years 2010 - March 2019. We then searched for a list of statistical terms in the text of these abstracts. For these 12,281 abstracts a median of 50% (IQR 30%, 67%) of sentences contained a term that would require statistical training to understand.

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The Jovian ring

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100101174 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 203-209

Author(s):

Joseph A. Burns

Keyword(s):

Equatorial Plane ◽

Charged Particles ◽

Dynamical Evolution ◽

Main Band ◽

Small Grains ◽

Three Components

ABSTRACTLying in Jupiter's equatorial plane is a diaphanous ring having little substructure within its three components (main band, faint disk, and halo). Micron-sized grains account for much of the visible ring, but particles of centimeter sizes and larger must also be present to absorb charged particles. Since dynamical evolution times and survival life times are quite short (≲102-3yr) for small grains, the Jovian ring is being continually replenished; probably most of the visible ring is generated by micrometeoroids colliding into unseen parent bodies that reside in the main band.

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Model-Based Clustering and Classification for Data Science

10.1017/9781108644181 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Charles Bouveyron ◽

Gilles Celeux ◽

T. Brendan Murphy ◽

Adrian E. Raftery

Keyword(s):

Data Science ◽

Model Based Clustering ◽

Model Based ◽

Clustering And Classification

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The Unique Contribution of Positive Orientation to Optimal Functioning

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000070 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 44-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Guido Alessandri ◽

Gian Vittorio Caprara ◽

John Tisak

Keyword(s):

Psychological Functioning ◽

Well Being ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Critical Component ◽

Positive Orientation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Common Mode ◽

Optimal Functioning

Literature documents that the judgments people hold about themselves, their life, and their future are important ingredients of their psychological functioning and well-being, and are commonly related to each other. In this paper, results from a large cross-sectional sample (N = 1,331, 48% males) are presented attesting to the hypothesis that evaluations about oneself, one’s life, and one’s future rest on a common mode of viewing experiences named “Positive Orientation.” These results corroborate the utility of the new construct as a critical component of individuals’ well functioning.

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Conscious and Unconscious Reward Cues Can Affect a Critical Component of Executive Control

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000104 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 370-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Rémi L. Capa ◽

Gaëlle M. Bustin ◽

Axel Cleeremans ◽

Michel Hansenne

Keyword(s):

Correct Response ◽

Executive Control ◽

Critical Component ◽

Arithmetic Operations ◽

Component Process

The present study investigates whether updating an important function of executive control can be driven by unconscious reward cues. Participants had to memorize several numbers and update those numbers independently according to a sequence of arithmetic operations. At the beginning of each trial, a reward (1 euro or 5 cents) was presented, either subliminally or supraliminally. Participants could earn the reward if they found the correct response on the updating task. Results showed better performance when a high (conscious or unconscious) reward was at stake compared to a low reward. This suggests that subliminal information can influence a component process of executive control traditionally thought to require consciousness.

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