Analisis Produktivitas Produksi Roti Manis PT. Indoroti Prima Cemerlang (Mr.Bread) Badung

Indoroti Prima Cemerlang Corporate, also known as Mr. Bread, is one of the companies produces various kind of bread. In producing bread, the company always optimizes the usage all available sources. Analyzing productivity rate could be done by measuring the productivity of the production division. On the productivity rate measurement process Indoroti Prima Cemerlang Corporate was using objective matrix method (OMAX) and six ratios. Four ratios were the assessment of efficiency criteria, one ratio was used to assess inferential criteria, and the last one ratio was used for effectivity criteria. The highest productivity rate of sweet bread was achieved on June 2020, which increased up to 2,8% with productivity index 292,6. On contrary, the lowest productivity rate was 22,5% on April 2020, with productivity index 215,8. The linkage analysis of each productivity ratio component process to sweet loaf production in Indoroti Prima Cemerlang Corporate result was on ratio 6 with value 212,5, and ratio 2 with value 319,6. In order to improve the productivity, it is recommended to modify the ratio 1 into 190 hours, ratio 2 into 43.810.023 IDR, ratio 3 into 294.291.081 IDR, ratio 4 into 55 people, ratio 6 into 3.006.399.330 IDR and ratio 6 into 184 hours. Keywords : productivity, production, Objective Matrix (OMAX)

Autophagy and Mitophagy as Essential Components of Atherosclerosis

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the greatest health problems affecting people worldwide. Atherosclerosis, in turn, is one of the most common causes of cardiovascular disease. Due to the high mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases, prevention and treatment at the earliest stages become especially important. This requires developing a deep understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of atherosclerosis. It is well-known that atherogenesis is a complex multi-component process that includes lipid metabolism disorders, inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy disorders and mitochondrial dysfunction. Autophagy is a cellular control mechanism that is critical to maintaining health and survival. One of the specific forms of autophagy is mitophagy, which aims to control and remove defective mitochondria from the cell. Particularly defective mitophagy has been shown to be associated with atherogenesis. In this review, we consider the role of autophagy, focusing on a special type of it—mitophagy—in the context of its role in the development of atherosclerosis.

Rethinking Executive Function and Its Development

Research on executive function in early childhood has flourished in recent years. Much of this work is premised on a view of development of executive function as the emergence of a set of domain-general component processes (e.g., working memory updating, inhibitory control, shifting). This view has shaped how we think about relations between executive function and other aspects of development, the role of the environment in executive-function development, and how best to improve executive function in children who struggle with it. However, there are conceptual and empirical reasons to doubt that executive function should be defined in this way. I argue that the development of executive function is better understood as the emergence of skills in using control in the service of specific goals. Such goals activate and are influenced by mental content such as knowledge, beliefs, norms, values, and preferences that are acquired with development and are important to consider in understanding children’s performance on measures of executive function. This account better explains empirical findings than the component-process view; leads to specific, testable hypotheses; and has implications for theory, measurement, and interventions.

The Neural and Cognitive Mechanisms of Knowledge Attribution: An EEG Study - Preprint

Despite the ubiquity of knowledge attribution in human social cognition, its associated neural and cognitive mechanisms are poorly documented. A wealth of converging evidence in cognitive neuroscience has identified independent perspective-taking and inhibitory processes for belief attribution, but the extent to which these processes are shared by knowledge attribution isn’t presently understood. Here, we present the findings of an EEG study designed to directly address this shortcoming. These findings suggest that belief attribution is not a component process in knowledge attribution, contra a standard attitude taken by philosophers. Instead, observed differences in P3b amplitude indicate that knowledge attribution doesn’t recruit the strong self-perspective inhibition characteristic of belief attribution. However, both belief and knowledge attribution were observed to display a late slow wave widely associated with mental state attribution, indicating that knowledge also shares in more general processing of others’ mental states. These results provide a new perspective both on how we think about knowledge attribution, as well Theory of Mind processes generally.

One-pot multi-component process for the synthesis of 4-azaphenanthrene-3,10-dione, 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives catalyzed by the deep eutectic solvent choline chloride-oxalic acid

An effective method based on choline chloride (ChCl)-oxalic acid (Ox) deep eutectic solvent was proposed for the synthesis of 4-azaphenanthrene-3,10-dione, 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives. The eutectic mixture worked as both the solvent and acidic catalyst for conversion. The impacts of different variables, including the composition and volume of ChCl-Ox, and temperature, on reaction yield were studied for optimization. The crucial advantages of this process are simplicity of the experimental procedure, high yields, short reaction times, high recyclability, and the use of safe and inexpensive components.

Emotion Prediction with Weighted Appraisal Models – Validating a Psychological Theory of Affect

Appraisal theories are a prominent approach for the explanation and prediction of emotions. According to these theories, the subjective perception of an emotion results from a series of specific event evaluations. To validate and extend one of the most known representatives of appraisal theory, the Component Process Model by Klaus Scherer, we implemented four computational appraisal models that predicted emotion labels based on prototype similarity calculations. Different weighting algorithms, mapping the models' input to a distinct emotion label, were integrated in the models. We evaluated the plausibility of the models' structure by assessing their predictive power and comparing their performance to a baseline model and a highly predictive machine learning algorithm. Model parameters were estimated from empirical data and validated out-of-sample. All models were notably better than the baseline model and able to explain part of the variance in the emotion labels. The preferred model, yielding a relatively high performance and stable parameter estimations, was able to predict a correct emotion label with an accuracy of 40.2% and a correct emotion family with an accuracy of 76.9%. The weighting algorithm of this favored model corresponds to the weighting complexity implied by the Component Process Model, but uses differing weighting parameters.

Vicinal difunctionalization of alkenes by four-component radical cascade reaction of xanthogenates, alkenes, CO, and sulfonyl oxime ethers

Four-component coupling reactions between xanthogenates, alkenes, CO, and sulfonyl oxime ethers were studied. In the presence of hexabutylditin, working as a propagating radical reagent, the chain reaction proceeds, as expected, taking into account reagents polarities, affording the corresponding functionalized α-keto oximes. Although yields are modest, this rare one-pot four-component process is easy to carry out and the resulting compounds, bearing multiple functionalities, have the potential for further elaboration.