Radio frequency transmitter based on a laser frequency comb

Since the days of Hertz, radio transmitters have evolved from rudimentary circuits emitting around 50 MHz to modern ubiquitous Wi-Fi devices operating at gigahertz radio bands. As wireless data traffic continues to increase, there is a need for new communication technologies capable of high-frequency operation for high-speed data transfer. Here, we give a proof of concept of a compact radio frequency transmitter based on a semiconductor laser frequency comb. In this laser, the beating among the coherent modes oscillating inside the cavity generates a radio frequency current, which couples to the electrodes of the device. We show that redesigning the top contact of the laser allows one to exploit the internal oscillatory current to drive a dipole antenna, which radiates into free space. In addition, direct modulation of the laser current permits encoding a signal in the radiated radio frequency carrier. Working in the opposite direction, the antenna can receive an external radio frequency signal, couple it to the active region, and injection lock the laser. These results pave the way for applications and functionality in optical frequency combs, such as wireless radio communication and wireless synchronization to a reference source.

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Correction for Piccardo et al., Radio frequency transmitter based on a laser frequency comb

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1913679116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 116 (35) ◽

pp. 17598-17598

Keyword(s):

Radio Frequency ◽

Frequency Comb ◽

Laser Frequency ◽

Radio Frequency Transmitter

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Generation of stable and tunable optical frequency linked to a radio frequency by use of a high finesse cavity and its application in absorption spectroscopy

Chinese Physics B ◽

10.1088/1674-1056/ac4905 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Yueting Zhou ◽

Gang Zhao ◽

Jianxin Liu ◽

Xiaojuan Yan ◽

Zhixin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radio Frequency ◽

Absorption Spectroscopy ◽

Frequency Comb ◽

External Cavity ◽

Frequency Instability ◽

Laser Frequency ◽

Detection Sensitivity ◽

Optical Frequency ◽

Direct Absorption Spectroscopy ◽

High Finesse

Abstract The laser frequency could be linked to an radio frequency through an external cavity by the combination of Pound-Drever-Hall and Devoe-Brewer locking techniques. A stable and tunable optical frequency at wavelength of 1.5 μm obtained by a cavity with high finesse of 96,000 and a fiber laser, calibrated by a commercial optical frequency comb, has been demonstrated. The locking performances have been analyzed by in-loop and out-loop noises, indicating that the absolute frequency instability could be down to 50 kHz over 1 s and keep to less than 110 kHz over 2.5 h. Then, the application of this stabilized laser to the direct absorption spectroscopy has been performed. With the help of balanced detection, the detection sensitivity, in terms of optical density, can reach to 9.4×10-6.

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Fast phase locking of a 750-MHz Yb:fiber laser frequency comb using a high-speed piezo-transducer

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics ◽

10.1364/cleo_si.2018.stu4k.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Yuxuan Ma ◽

Bo Xu ◽

Hirotaka Ishii ◽

Fei Meng ◽

Yoshiaki Nakajima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Frequency Comb ◽

Phase Locking ◽

Laser Frequency ◽

Fast Phase

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Laser Silicon Interaction Study on Ring Oscillators to Establish Temperature Voltage Dependency Trends on 14 nm and Future FinFET Technologies

ISTFA 2017: Conference Proceedings from the 43rd International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis ◽

10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2017p0214 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Gaurav Mattey ◽

Lava Ranganathan

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Laser Frequency ◽

Ring Oscillator ◽

Switching Speed ◽

Dual Nature ◽

Voltage Imaging ◽

Multiple Cores ◽

Speed Performance ◽

Self Test ◽

Frequency Changes

Abstract Critical speed path analysis using Dynamic Laser Stimulation (DLS) technique has been an indispensable technology used in the Semiconductor IC industry for identifying process defects, design and layout issues that limit product speed performance. Primarily by injecting heat or injecting photocurrent in the active diffusion of the transistors, the laser either slows down or speeds up the switching speed of transistors, thereby affecting the overall speed performance of the chip and revealing the speed limiting/enhancing circuits. However, recently on Qualcomm Technologies’ 14nm FinFET technology SOC product, the 1340nm laser’s heating characteristic revealed a Vt (threshold voltage) improvement behavior at low operating voltages which helped identify process issues on multiple memory array blocks across multiple cores failing for MBIST (Memory Built-in Self-test). In this paper, we explore the innovative approach of using the laser to study Vt shifts in transistors due to process issues. We also study the laser silicon interactions through scanning the 1340nm thermal laser on silicon and observing frequency shifts in a high-speed Ring Oscillator (RO) on 16nm FinFET technology. This revealed the normal and reverse Temperature Dependency Gate voltages for 16nm FinFET, thereby illustrating the dual nature of stimulation (reducing mobility and improving Vt) from a thermal laser. Frequency mapping through Laser Voltage Imaging (LVI) was performed on the Ring Oscillator (RO) using the 1340nm thermal laser, while concurrently stimulating the transistors of the RO. Spatial distribution of stimulation was studied by observing the frequency changes on LVI.

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Dual-shot dynamics and ultimate frequency of all-optical magnetic recording on GdFeCo

Light Science & Applications ◽

10.1038/s41377-020-00451-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sicong Wang ◽

Chen Wei ◽

Yuanhua Feng ◽

Hongkun Cao ◽

Wenzhe Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetization Reversal ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

High Speed ◽

Data Transfer ◽

Laser Pulses ◽

Time Resolved ◽

All Optical ◽

Fs Laser ◽

High Speed Data ◽

Natural Way

AbstractAlthough photonics presents the fastest and most energy-efficient method of data transfer, magnetism still offers the cheapest and most natural way to store data. The ultrafast and energy-efficient optical control of magnetism is presently a missing technological link that prevents us from reaching the next evolution in information processing. The discovery of all-optical magnetization reversal in GdFeCo with the help of 100 fs laser pulses has further aroused intense interest in this compelling problem. Although the applicability of this approach to high-speed data processing depends vitally on the maximum repetition rate of the switching, the latter remains virtually unknown. Here we experimentally unveil the ultimate frequency of repetitive all-optical magnetization reversal through time-resolved studies of the dual-shot magnetization dynamics in Gd27Fe63.87Co9.13. Varying the intensities of the shots and the shot-to-shot separation, we reveal the conditions for ultrafast writing and the fastest possible restoration of magnetic bits. It is shown that although magnetic writing launched by the first shot is completed after 100 ps, a reliable rewriting of the bit by the second shot requires separating the shots by at least 300 ps. Using two shots partially overlapping in space and minimally separated by 300 ps, we demonstrate an approach for GHz magnetic writing that can be scaled down to sizes below the diffraction limit.

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Controlling and Phase‐Locking a THz Quantum Cascade Laser Frequency Comb by Small Optical Frequency Tuning

Laser & Photonics Review ◽

10.1002/lpor.202000417 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2000417

Author(s):

Luigi Consolino ◽

Annamaria Campa ◽

Michele De Regis ◽

Francesco Cappelli ◽

Giacomo Scalari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantum Cascade Laser ◽

Frequency Tuning ◽

Frequency Comb ◽

Phase Locking ◽

Laser Frequency ◽

Optical Frequency ◽

Quantum Cascade

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Line profile analysis of an astronomical spectrograph with a laser frequency comb

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics ◽

10.1088/1674-4527/14/8/014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 1037-1045 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fei Zhao ◽

Gang Zhao ◽

Gaspare Lo Curto ◽

Hui-Juan Wang ◽

Yu-Juan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Line Profile ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Frequency Comb ◽

Laser Frequency ◽

Line Profile Analysis

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Time-averaging of high-speed data transfer protocols

IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control ◽

10.1109/tac.2005.860259 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 50 (12) ◽

pp. 2065-2069 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. Marquez ◽

E. Altman ◽

S. Sole-Alvarez

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Data Transfer ◽

Time Averaging ◽

High Speed Data

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Optical Waveguides Embedded in PCBs - A Real World Application of 3D Structures Written by TPA

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1054-ff01-04 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1054 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ruth Houbertz ◽

Herbert Wolter ◽

Volker Schmidt ◽

Ladislav Kuna ◽

Valentin Satzinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Fibers ◽

Optical Waveguides ◽

High Speed ◽

Printed Circuit Boards ◽

Data Transfer ◽

Laser Pulses ◽

Photon Absorption ◽

Optical Data ◽

Direct Laser ◽

High Speed Data

ABSTRACTThe integration of optical interconnects in printed circuit boards (PCB) is a rapidly growing field worldwide due to a continuously increasing need for high-speed data transfer. There are any concepts discussed, among which are the integration of optical fibers or the generation of waveguides by UV lithography, embossing, or direct laser writing. The devices presented so far require many different materials and process steps, but particularly also highly-sophisticated assembly steps in order to couple the optoelectronic elements to the generated waveguides. In order to overcome these restrictions, an innovative approach is presented which allows the embedding of optoelectronic components and the generation of optical waveguides in only one optical material. This material is an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer, in which the waveguides are processed by two-photon absorption (TPA) processes, initiated by ultra-short laser pulses. In particular, due to this integration and the possibility ofin situpositioning the optical waveguides with respect to the optoelectronic components by the TPA process, no complex packaging or assembly is necessary. Thus, the number of necessary processing steps is significantly reduced, which also contributes to the saving of resources such as energy or solvents. The material properties and the underlying processes will be discussed with respect to optical data transfer in PCBs.

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