scholarly journals Larval settlement rate: A leading determinant of structure in an ecological community of the marine intertidal zone

1985 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 3707-3711 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gaines ◽  
J. Roughgarden
Keyword(s):  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Ecological Community ◽  
Settlement Rate

Recruitment of the limpet Patella ulyssiponensis and its relationship with crustose coralline algae: patterns of juvenile distribution and larval settlement

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 1787-1796 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Seabra ◽  
T. Cruz ◽  
J. N. Fernandes ◽  
T. Silva ◽  
S. J. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Rock Pools ◽  
Crustose Coralline Algae ◽  
Bare Rock ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Patella Ulyssiponensis ◽  
Maximum Shell Length ◽  
Sw Portugal

AbstractRecruitment of the limpet Patella ulyssiponensis was investigated in relation to the presence of living crustose coralline algae (CCA) in rocky-shore habitats. Juvenile limpets (≤10 mm maximum shell length) were counted in CCA-present and CCA-absent habitats, on three shores in SW Portugal during summer 2007 and winter 2009. Furthermore, the settling response of laboratory-reared larvae of P. ulyssiponensis to CCA-covered substratum, and bare-rock, was examined. Across the intertidal zone, we found a clear association between the distribution and abundance of juveniles and the presence of CCA. Although the presence of CCA was not an absolute requisite for juvenile occurrence, null juvenile densities were mostly recorded in CCA-absent areas. The highest juvenile densities (maximum of 64 individuals in 15 × 15 cm) were consistently found in CCA-dominated habitats, namely steep wave-exposed areas at low-shore and rock-pools. The hypothesis of CCA-enhanced settlement was not supported, as settlement intensities of laboratory-reared larvae were similar between chips of rock encrusted by CCA and chips of bare-rock. From the overall number of settlers onto CCA-encrusted rock chips, 51% were found in tiny pits lacking CCA. This was the first study of the settlement patterns of larvae of the genus Patella using naturally occurring rocky substrata. These results are preliminary and should be confirmed with choice-experiments and improved monitoring of the position of settlers. We suggest that CCA plays a role in the recruitment of P. ulyssiponensis, potentially promoting survivorship of early benthic stages, but possibly not enhancing settlement.

Larval Settlement of Corals in Flowing Water using a Racetrack Flume

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Harii ◽  
H. Kayanne
Keyword(s):  
Reef Flat ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Pocillopora Damicornis ◽  
Settlement Rate ◽  
Ishigaki Island ◽  
Digitally Controlled ◽  
Flow Speeds

Although the larvae of marine invertebrates settle in currents, few studies have examined settlement under flow. We studied the settlement of two brooding coral larvae with different behavior in a flow using a small racetrack flume made of polycarbonate and acrylic (58 cm long). Flow was generated using a digitally controlled gear-motor-driven paddle wheel. The settlement rates of the larvae, Heliopora coerulea and Pocillopora damicornis, were observed at three flow speeds: 1.6, 4.4, and 9.8 cm/sec, which correspond to the currents at low, mean, and ebb or flood tides, respectively, at Shiraho Reef flat, Ishigaki Island, Japan. The settlement rate of H. coerulea larvae decreased with increasing flow speed (20% at 1.6 cm/sec, 2% at 9.8 cm/sec). In contrast, the settlement rate of P. damicornis larvae was high at all flow speeds (> 50% at all flow speeds). This difference in the larval settlement rates of the two species is in accordance with the current conditions in which the adult corals are distributed.

Gregarious larval settlement within a restricted intertidal zone and sex differences in subsequent mortality in the polygynous saltmarsh isopod Paragnathia formica (Crustacea: Isopoda)

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. D. Upton
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Rocky Shore ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Confounding Variable ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Intertidal Invertebrates ◽  
Rocky Shore Communities

The highly restricted ranges of many intertidal invertebrates, and the relative importance of physical and biological factors on settlement and subsequent mortality, have attracted much attention from ecologists. Most workers have concentrated on rocky shore communities, where patterns of zonation are often very clear (for reviews, see Stephenson & Stephenson, 1949, 1972; Southward, 1958; Lewis, 1955, 1961, 1964), whilst few have looked for such effects within saltmarshes (for reviews, see Long & Mason, 1983; Foster, In Press). Since most saltmarsh invertebrates are infaunal, patterns of zonation are not immediately obvious, but may be of particular interest; the influence of tidal regimes on invertebrate ranges may be more precise in sheltered saltmarsh habitats than on rocky shores, where exposure to wave action is a major confounding variable.

The ultrastructure of the abdominal musculature of an orchestid amphipod

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-465
Author(s):  
Martin A. Levin ◽  
Lisa L. Cale ◽  
Valerie Lynch-Holm
Keyword(s):  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
High Water ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Abdominal Musculature ◽  
Dorsal Muscle ◽  
High Water Mark ◽  
Thoracic Legs ◽  
Orchestia Cavimana

Orchestia is a genus of amphipod in the crustacean class Malacostraca. The order Amphipoda contains over 6000 species commonly called side swimmers, scuds and beach fleas(1). Most are marine bottom-dwellers utilizing their thoracic legs and posterior abdominal uropods for walking, crawling and swimming. However, some, like those in the genera Orchestia and Hyale are semiterrestrial. These amphipods, commonly referred to as “beach fleas,' “beach hoppers” or “sand fleas” can hop vigorously for great distances (up to 50 times their length) by extending their abdomens and telsons against the sand(2).In our study, the ultrastructure of the dorsal muscle cord of Orchestia grillus was examined. Vogel(3) described the abdominal muscles of Orchestia cavimana as consisting of two groups of muscles: a strong, complex, dorsal muscle cord used mainly for hopping and a group of weaker, ventral, longitudinal and oblique muscles.The specimens were collected in clumps of decaying seaweed and other detritus from the intertidal zone near the high water mark at Avery Point Beach, Connecticut.

A Preliminary Assessment on the Herpetofaunal Diversity of the Taal Volcano Protected Landscape (TVPL), Batangas Philippines

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Ecological Community ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Taal Volcano ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Study Sites

The Taal Volcano Protected Landscape (TVPL) encompasses a prehistoric volcano caldera that caters to many documented endemic species. Although regarded as a unique area with the potential to house a diverse ecological community, biodiversity research in TVPL is still found wanting. The present paper aims to provide baseline information and increase research interests on the herpetofaunal diversity of TVPL, in light of its many undocumented terrestrial faunal species. Twelve study sites within the municipalities of Tanauan, Mataasnakahoy, and Balete were visited during survey trips from May to November 2015. A combination of transect and opportunistic sampling techniques were utilized, with morphometric data and sexual maturity recorded for each specimen collected. This preliminary survey provided 24 newly documented species of amphibians and reptiles occurring within TVPL. A total 10 frog species (from families Bufonidae, Ceratobatrachidae, Microhylidae, Dicroglossidae, Ranidae, and Rhacophoridae) and 14 reptile species (from families Agamidae, Gekkonidae, Scincidae, Varanidae, Acrochordidae, Colubridae, Elapidae, and Tryonychidae) were documented. Of the reptiles recorded, 3 are endemic species and widespread throughout the Philippines: Gekko mindorensis, Hydrosaurus pustulatus, and Draco spilopterus. Also recorded were the Philippine endemic frogs Kaloula picta and Limnonectes woodworthi along with the Luzon endemics Platymantis mimulus and Varanus marmoratus. The species-effort curve of amphibians showed a distinct plateau whereas the species-effort curve of reptiles has shown an increasing trend suggesting that additional sampling efforts should be done in the area to further increase knowledge of the TVPL herpetofaunal diversity.

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