scholarly journals Comparative Structural and Molecular Characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsular Polysaccharide Serogroup 10

2011 ◽  
Vol 286 (41) ◽  
pp. 35813-35822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghua Yang ◽  
Moon H. Nahm ◽  
C. Allen Bush ◽  
John O. Cisar
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Branching Enzyme ◽  
High Resolution Nmr ◽  
Nmr Methods ◽  
Insight Into

Streptococcus pneumoniae serogroup 10 includes four cross-reactive capsular polysaccharide (CPS) serotypes (10F, 10A, 10B, and 10C). In the present study, the structures of CPS10B and CPS10C were determined by chemical and high resolution NMR methods to define the features of each serotype. Both CPS10C and CPS10F had β1–6-linked Galf branches formed from the termini of linear repeating units by wzy-dependent polymerization through the 4-OH of subterminal GalNAc. The only difference between these polysaccharides was the wcrC-dependent α1–2 or wcrF-dependent α1–4 linkages between Gal and ribitol-5-phosphate. The presence of one linkage or the other also distinguished the repeating units of CPS10B and CPS10A. However, whereas these polysaccharides both had β1–3-linked Galf branches linked to GalNAc, only CPS10A had additional β1–6-linked Galp branches. These Galp branches and the reaction of a CPS10A-specific monoclonal antibody were eliminated by deletion of wcrG from the cps10A locus. In contrast, deletion of this gene from the cps10B locus had no effect on the structure of CPS10B, thereby identifying wcrG as a pseudogene in this serotype. The β1–3-linked Galf branches of CPS10A and CPS10B were eliminated by deletion of wcrD from each corresponding cps locus. Deletion of this gene also eliminated wcrG-dependent β1–6-linked Galp branches from CPS10A, thereby identifying WcrG as a branching enzyme that acts on the product of WcrD. These findings provide a complete view of the molecular, structural, and antigenic features of CPS serogroup 10, as well as insight into the possible emergence of new serotypes.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of the Complete 23F Capsular Polysaccharide Locus of Streptococcus pneumoniae

1998 ◽  
Vol 180 (19) ◽  
pp. 5273-5278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Ramirez ◽  
Alexander Tomasz
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT The complete DNA sequence of the capsular locus 23F ofStreptococcus pneumoniae is presented. The 18.6-kbcps23f locus is composed of 18 open reading frames flanked at the 5′ and 3′ ends by the genes dexB andaliA, an arrangement similar to those of some of the other identified cps loci.

The Supreme Court, Ideology, and the Decision to Cite or Borrow from Amicus Curiae Briefs

2021 ◽  
pp. 1532673X2110321
Author(s):  
Kayla S. Canelo
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
The Other ◽  
Amicus Curiae ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Extreme Groups ◽  
Insight Into

Scholars have sought to understand the dual characterization of Supreme Court justices as both legal and political actors. One way to further uncover this complexity is to assess how the justices engage with the interest groups that file amicus curiae or “friend-of-the-Court” briefs. Scholars have revealed that the justices often “borrow language” from these briefs in their opinions. However, much less often, they cite the amici. These two uses are distinct in that one is revealed to the reader while the other is not. So which interest groups do the justices decide to cite and which do they borrow language from? I find the justices borrow more language from ideologically similar interests, but that ideology plays a less central role in the decision to cite. Specifically, I find that the justices are less likely to cite briefs filed by ideologically overt interests, but this only extends to the most ideologically “extreme” groups. Further, the justices are not more likely to cite briefs filed by interests that are ideologically similar to their own preferences. These findings provide insight into how the justices balance policy and legitimacy goals.

scholarly journals THE PRODUCTION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES TO TETRASACCHARIDE - SYNTHETIC ANALOGUE OF THE CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE OF SEROTYPE 14 AND THEIR IMMUNOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
I. V. Yakovleva ◽  
E. A. Kurbatova ◽  
E. A. Akhmatova ◽  
E. V. Sukhova ◽  
D. V. Yashunsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Immunochemical Characterization ◽  
Carbohydrate Epitopes ◽  
First Time

Aim. Production of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to synthetic tetrasaccharide - repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide (CP) of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 14 and their immunochemical characterization. Materials and methods. In order to generate the hybridoma producing mAb, mice were immunized with synthetic tetrasaccharide conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) with following hybridization of B lymphocytes with mouse myeloma cells. Antibodies were obtained in vitro andin vivo. Immunochemical characterization of mAb to tetrasaccharide was carried out using a variety of ELISA options. Results. For the first time obtained mouse hybridoma, producing IgM to tetrasacchride. The IgM titer of anti-tetrasacharide antibodies in supernatants of clones and in the ascitic fluid of mice in ELISA detected by biotinylated tetrasaccharide and synthetic CP adsorbed on the solid phase was higher compared to the use of bacterial CP as well cover antigen. In the reaction of inhibition of the ELISA, the mAb recognized the corresponding carbohydrate epitopes of the bacterial CP of S. pneumoniae serotype 14 dissolved in the liquid phase better than tetrasaccharide ligand and synthetic CP. Conclusion. To detect mAb to tetrasaccharide in ELISA preferably to use synthetic analogues of the CP as solid phase antigens. The obtained mAb to tetrasaccharide can be used to determine the representation of the protective tetrasaccharide epitope of CP in the development of pneumococcal vaccines.

Characterization of HPC-1 antigen, an isoform of syntaxin-1, with the isoform-specific monoclonal antibody, 14D8

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichi Kushima ◽  
Tomonori Fujiwara ◽  
Masumi Sanada ◽  
Kimio Akagawa
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Specific Monoclonal Antibody

Characterization of a highly specific monoclonal antibody against human aldo-keto reductase AKR1C3

Steroids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Jiayu Liu ◽  
Ping He ◽  
Limin Lin ◽  
Yining Zhao ◽  
Wentong Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Specific Monoclonal Antibody

scholarly journals Monoclonal Antibodies Reactive with Immunorecessive Epitopes of Glucuronoxylomannan, the Major Capsular Polysaccharide of Cryptococcus neoformans

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Brandt ◽  
Peter Thorkildson ◽  
Thomas R. Kozel
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
New Information

ABSTRACT Cryptococcus neoformans is surrounded by an antiphagocytic capsule whose primary constituent is glucuronoxylomannan (GXM). An epitope shared by GXM serotypes A, B, C, and D is immunodominant when mice are immunized with serotype A GXM. In contrast, an epitope shared only by serotypes A and D is immunodominant when mice are immunized with serotype D. Hybridomas secreting antibodies reactive with subdominant epitopes were identified through a positive-negative screening procedure in which antibody-secreting colonies were characterized by reactivity with both the immunizing polysaccharide and GXMs from each of the four major serotypes. In this manner, a monoclonal antibody (MAb) that was reactive with an epitope shared only by serotypes A and B was identified and designated F10F5. Such an epitope has not been described previously. Immunization of mice with de-O-acetylated serotype A GXM generated a hybridoma that secreted an antibody, designated F12D2, that was reactive with all four serotypes. Unlike previously described monoclonal and polyclonal panspecific antibodies, the reactivity of MAb F12D2 was not altered by de-O-acetylation of GXM. These results indicate that there are at least two panspecific GXM epitopes; one epitope is dependent on O acetylation for antibody reactivity, and the other is independent of O acetylation. This study identifies strategies for production of MAbs that are reactive with subdominant or cryptic GXM epitopes and provides new information regarding the antigenic makeup and the humoral immune response to GXM, an essential virulence factor that is a target for active and passive immunization.

Characterization of a Specific Monoclonal-Antibody 9F5-3a and the Development of Assay System for Oxidized HDL

1995 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nakajima ◽  
Y. Sakagishi ◽  
T. Katahira ◽  
A. Nagata ◽  
T. Kuwae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Assay System ◽  
Specific Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Oxidized Hdl

Characterization of a strain-specific monoclonal antibody to hepatitis delta virus antigen

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Chieh Hsu ◽  
Ho-Pi Lin ◽  
Jaw-Ching Wu ◽  
Kai-Liang Ko ◽  
I-Jane Sheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Hepatitis Delta Virus ◽  
Virus Antigen ◽  
Specific Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Hepatitis Delta ◽  
Delta Virus

scholarly journals The capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 8: functional identification of the glycosyltransferase WciS (Cap8H)

2005 ◽  
Vol 389 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehmé SAKSOUK ◽  
Ludovic PELOSI ◽  
Pierre COLIN-MOREL ◽  
Manel BOUMEDIENNE ◽  
Patricia L. ABDIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Sugar Residue ◽  
Functional Identification ◽  
Polysaccharide Biosynthesis ◽  
Sugar Addition ◽  
Galactose Residue

CPS (capsular polysaccharide) is a major virulence factor in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Biosynthesis of CPS RU (repeat unit) proceeds by sequential transfer of sugar residues from the appropriate sugar donor to an activated lipid carrier by committed GTs (glycosyltransferases). While the nucleotide sequence of many cps loci is already known, the real substrate specificity of the hypothetical GTs, as well as the sequence of sugar addition is unclear. In the present paper, we report the biochemical characterization of one α-galactosyltransferase, WciS (Cap8H), a member of GT family 4. This enzyme is implicated in the tetrasaccharide RU biosynthetic pathway of Strep. pneumoniae CPS 8 ([→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-D-Galp-(1→4)-β-D-GlcAp-(1→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→]n). Expression of WciS–His6 in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strains or BL21 (DE3)/ΔgalU strain resulted in synthesis of a 39 kDa membrane-associated protein identified by N-terminal sequencing and recognized by anti-His6-tag antibody. This protein was capable of adding a galactose residue cellobiuronic acid [β-D-GlcAp-(1→4)-D-Glcp]-pyrophosphate-polyprenol from UDP-Gal. The newly added galactose residue is removed by α-galactosidase, indicating that WciS is a retaining GT. Our results suggest that WciS catalyses the addition of the third sugar residue of the CPS 8 RU. The recombinant WciS–His6 was solubilized and purified as a soluble multimer, opening the way for structural studies.

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