scholarly journals Actinfilin Is a Cul3 Substrate Adaptor, Linking GluR6 Kainate Receptor Subunits to the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway

2006 ◽  
Vol 281 (52) ◽  
pp. 40164-40173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Salinas ◽  
Leslie A. C. Blair ◽  
Leigh A. Needleman ◽  
Justina D. Gonzales ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
...  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chakresh Jain ◽  
Shivam Arora ◽  
Aparna Khanna ◽  
Money Gupta ◽  
Gulshan Wadhwa ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem-Jan M. Schellekens ◽  
Hieronymus W. H. van Hees ◽  
Michiel Vaneker ◽  
Marianne Linkels ◽  
P. N. Richard Dekhuijzen ◽  
...  

Background Mechanical ventilation induces diaphragm muscle atrophy, which plays a key role in difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation. The signaling pathways involved in ventilator-induced diaphragm atrophy are poorly understood. The current study investigated the role of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in the development of ventilator-induced diaphragm atrophy. Methods Unventilated animals were selected for control: wild-type (n = 6) and Toll-like receptor 4 deficient mice (n = 6). Mechanical ventilation (8 h): wild-type (n = 8) and Toll-like receptor 4 deficient (n = 7) mice.Myosin heavy chain content, proinflammatory cytokines, proteolytic activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, caspase-3 activity, and autophagy were measured in the diaphragm. Results Mechanical ventilation reduced myosin content by approximately 50% in diaphragms of wild-type mice (P less than 0.05). In contrast, ventilation of Toll-like receptor 4 deficient mice did not significantly affect diaphragm myosin content. Likewise, mechanical ventilation significantly increased interleukin-6 and keratinocyte-derived chemokine in the diaphragm of wild-type mice, but not in ventilated Toll-like receptor 4 deficient mice. Mechanical ventilation increased diaphragmatic muscle atrophy factor box transcription in both wild-type and Toll-like receptor 4 deficient mice. Other components of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and caspase-3 activity were not affected by ventilation of either wild-type mice or Toll-like receptor 4 deficient mice. Mechanical ventilation induced autophagy in diaphragms of ventilated wild-type mice, but not Toll-like receptor 4 deficient mice. Conclusion Toll-like receptor 4 signaling plays an important role in the development of ventilator-induced diaphragm atrophy, most likely through increased expression of cytokines and activation of lysosomal autophagy.


2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1531-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Wang ◽  
Gregory H. Hockerman ◽  
Henry W. Green ◽  
Charles F. Babbs ◽  
Sulma I. Mohammad ◽  
...  

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