Cladosporium musae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
J. C. David

Abstract A description is provided for Cladosporium musae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Musa × paradisiaca, Musa × paradisiaca var. sapientum, Ensete gillesii (= M. schweinfurthii). Presumably other Musa spp. and cvs are potential hosts. DISEASE: Leaf speckle of banana. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Egypt, Ghana, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, Zimbabwe. Asia: Bangladesh, Hong Kong, Indonesia (Borneo, Sumatra), Sabah. Australasia & Oceania: Solomon Islands, Western Samoa. North America: Cuba, Honduras, Jamaica. TRANSMISSION: By airborne dispersal of conidia.

Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus pallescens. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Common on many graminicolous and non-graminicolous hosts. Important cereals and grasses include Eleusine, Hordeum, Oryza, Panicum, Paspalum, Pennisetum, Poa, Saccharum, Setaria, Sorghum, Triticum and Zea economically important dicot hosts include Allium (59, 4867), Arachis (53, 1647), Brassica (66, 3075), Canna, Calendula, Calotropis (44, 1832; 66, 3587), Carica (61, 5129), Cinnamomum, Citrus (68, 843), Coriandrum, Dahlia, Fagopyrum (64, 2425), Gaillardia, Hevea (56, 1257; 67, 5560), Musa (54, 4051), Solanum (50, 3484). DISEASE: Leaf spots of cereals, black point of wheat (44, 102), leaf spot and on stems of rubber (56, 1257; 67, 5560), ear rot of barley (62, 1005), rot of garlic (59, 4867). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei, Burma, Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Denmark, Egypt, Ethiopia, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Malaysia, Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Sudan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad, USA, USSR, Venezuela, Windward Islands, Zambia, Zimbabwe. TRANSMISSION: By wind-borne conidia and seed-borne.


Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue

Abstract A description is provided for Pestalotiopsis mangiferae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Mangifera indica; also on Anacardium occidentale, Combretum decandrum, Eucalyptus spp., Mimusops spp., Vitis vinifera and many other unrelated host plants. DISEASE: Grey leaf spot of Mangifera indica. The spots vary in size from a few mm to several cm in length, are usually sharply delimited by a dark, raised border, and are silvery grey above and grey to brown below; leaf spots on other hosts are similar. Brown spot or rot of mango fruits is also known. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia; Bangladesh, Brunei, Burma, Hong Kong, India, Malaysia, Nepal, Sabah, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka; Australia; Dominican Republic; Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: Inoculation studies with conidia and mycelium have shown P. mangiferae to be a weak parasite, capable of infecting young injured leaves, injured fruits, older uninjured leaves and healthy fruits if in contact with diseased tissue (35, 378; 40, 421). It has been isolated from soil, but the possibility of transmission through soil has not been investigated.


Author(s):  
H. Y. M. Leung

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora mikaniicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Mikania cordata, Mikania micrantha (Asteraceae). DISEASE: Leaf spot and stem canker. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Bangladesh, Brazil, Cuba, Colombia, Fiji, Guadalcanal, Hong Kong, India, Jamaica, Malaysia, Niue, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Samoa, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, USA (Florida), Vanuatu. TRANSMISSION: Conidia are presumably air-dispersed but there are no detailed studies.


Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus eragrostidis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acacia, Agave, Allium, Alysicarpus, Amorphophallus, Anacardium, Arachis, Areca, Billbergia, Calamus, Callitris, Calotropis, Camellia, Cananga, Capsicum, Citrullus, Citrus, Clerodendron, Cocos, Coffea, Colocasia, Cymbopogon, Dendrobium, Digitaria, Dioscorea, Dracaena, Durio, Elaeis, Eragrostis, Eucalyptus, Euphorbia, Furcraea, Gladiolus, Glycine, Gossypium, Heliconia, Hevea, Hystrix, Ipomoea, Kaempferia, Lycopersicon, Mangifera, Manihot, Mystroxylon, Musa, Neyraudia, Oldenlandia, Opuntia, Oryza, Panicum, Pennisetum, Pentas, Phalaenopsis, Phaseolus, Pinus, Polygala, Pueraria, Raphia, Raphanus, Rhodomyrtus, Rhoeo, Rottboellia, Saccharum, Sesamum, Sorghum, Spinacia, Sporobolus, Stylosanthes, Theobroma, Thrasya, Tradescantia, Trichosanthes, Triplochiton, Triticum, Vanda, Vigna, Zea, Zingiber and soil. DISEASE: Leaf spots. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Bangladesh, Belize, Brazil, Brunei, Burma, Colombia, Cuba, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Trinidad, USA, Zambia, Zaire. TRANSMISSION: By wind-borne conidia.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Cladosporium musae Mason. Hosts: Musa spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, Zimbabwe, ASIA, Bangladesh, Brunei, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Sabah, Nepal, Vietnam, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Western, Samoa, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Cuba, Honduras, Jamaica.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Balansia oryzae-sativae Hashioka Fungi: Ascomycota: Hypocreales Hosts: Rice (Oryza sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, China, Hong Kong, Yunnan, India, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, AFRICA, Sierra Leone, NORTH AMERICA, USA, Louisiana, OCEANIA, New Caledonia, Vanuatu.


Author(s):  
K. D. Hyde

Abstract A description is provided for Stigmina mangiferae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Mangifera indica. DISEASE: Leaf spot, black, angular and relatively small (0.5-6.0 mm diam.), each surrounded by a raised rim, and a wide greenish or yellowish halo. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Cook Islands, Dominica, Fiji, Ghana, Honduras, Indonesia, Jamaica, Japan, Malawi, Malaysia, Mexico, Nepal, New Caledonia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Taiwan, Tongo, Trinidad, Uganda, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Western Samoa, Zambia. TRANSMISSION: By windborne conidia.


Author(s):  
J. C. David

Abstract A description is provided for Cladosporium colocasiae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Colocasia esculenta. DISEASE: Ghost or False spot: occurring mainly on old leaves, eventually causing severe disfiguration and necrosis of the infected leaf as the fungus spreads over the entire surface. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Mauritius, Nigeria. Asia: Brunei, People's Republic of China (Sichuan), Hong Kong, India, Japan, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Sabah, Sarawak, South Korea, Taiwan. Australasia & Oceania: Fiji, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands, Tahiti, USA (Hawaii), Vanuatu. Europe: Portugal (Azores). North America: Barbados, Puerto Rico. TRANSMISSION: Airborne, wind dispersed; the disease is especially troublesome during damp, humid conditions.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Anoplophora chinensis (Forster) Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Attacks Citrus and other trees. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, China, Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Hong Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizhang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Macau, Myanmar, Vietnam, NORTH AMERICA, USA, Georgia, Hawaii.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) Homoptera: Aleyrodidae (Japanese bayberry whitefly). Attacks mulberry, Citrus, avocado, Gardenia, Cinnamomum camphora, Prunus, Salix, Morus alba and tea. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe, Crete, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Sicily, Spain, Turkey, Africa, Egypt, Tunisia, Ivory Coast, Asia, Hong Kong, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Taiwan, North America, USA, California, Florida.


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