Pseudocercosporella capsellae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk

Abstract A description is provided for Pseudocercosporella capsellae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: White leaf spot and Grey stem of Cruciferae. HOSTS: Brassica campestris (rape), B. chinensis, B. juncea (Indian mustard), B. napus (swede), B. nigra (black mustard), B. oleracea (cabbage and cultivars), B. pekinensis, B. rapa (turnip), Capsella bursa-pastoris, Conringia persica, Goldbachia torulosa, Lepidium sp., Litvinovia tenuissima, Malcolmia africana, Neslia paniculata, Raphanus raphinastrum (white charlock), R. sativa (radish), Rapistrum perenne, Sinapis alba (white mustard), S. arvensis (= Brassica kaber; charlock), Sisymbrium sp. (Brassicaceae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Algeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa. NORTH AMERICA: Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec), USA (Alabama, Alaska, California, Connecticut, Florida, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin). CENTRAL AMERICA: Antigua. SOUTH AMERICA: Chile. ASIA: Bhutan, China, India, Israel, Japan, Peninsular Malaysia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Turkey. AUSTRALASIA: Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia), New Zealand. EUROPE: Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Latvia, Norway, Romania, Sweden. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne and splash dispersed conidia and by seeds, crop debris and volunteer plants or perennial weeds.

Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dacus tryoni[Bactrocera tryoni] (Frogg.) (Dipt., Trypetidae) (Queensland Fruit-fly) Hosts: Many deciduous and subtropical fruits. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AUSTRALIA, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) Coleoptera: Curculionidae Attacks Lolium spp. and other pasture grasses and cereals. Information is given on the geographical distribution in SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Podospora excentrica. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (South America (Venezuela), Atlantic Ocean (Portugal (Madeira)), Australasia (Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia)), New Zealand, Europe (Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, UK)).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Botrytis allii Munn. Hosts: Onion (Allium cepa), leek (Allium porrum), shallot (Allium ascalonicum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Canary islands, Egypt, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Asia, Afghanistan, China, Henan, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea, Nepal, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Vietnam, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, UK, USSR, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Central America & West Indies, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Jamaica, Panama, Salavador, South America, Brazil, Chile, Venezuela.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes. Hosts: Potato (Solanum tuberosum), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Asia, Afghanistan, Brunei, Burma, China, India, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Indonesia, Java, Iran, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea, Lebanon, Malaysia, Sabah, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey, USSR, Caucasus, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Britain & Northern Ireland, Channel Islands, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Azores, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, USSR, Estonia, Lithuania, Byelorussia, Leningrad, Yugoslavia, North America, Bermuda, Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Ontario, USA, Central America & West Indies, Barbados, Jamaica, South America, Brazil, Peru, Venezuela.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Potato spindle tuber viroid. Pospiviroidae: Pospiviroid. Hosts: avocado (Persea americana), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), potato (S. tuberosum) and other Solanum species. information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria; Belarus; Belgium; Bulgaria; Croatia; Czech Republic; Finland; France; Germany; Crete, Greece; Ireland; Mainland Italy; Netherlands; Central, Far East, Northern and Southern Russia; Slovenia; Spain; Switzerland; England and Wales, UK; and Ukraine), Asia (Afghanistan; Azerbaijan; Bangladesh; Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu and Qinghai, China; Georgia; Himachal Pradesh and Maharashtra, India; Iran; Israel; Japan; and Turkey), Africa (Egypt and Nigeria), North America (Alberta, British Columbia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island, Canada; Mexico; and Alaska, California, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Washington, Wisconsin and Wyoming), Central America and Caribbean (Costa Rica), South America (Argentina, Chile, Peru and Venezuela) and Oceania (New Zealand, and New South Wales, Northern Territory, South Australia, Western Australia and Victoria, Australia).


Author(s):  
G. S. Saddler

Abstract A description is provided for Xanthomonas fragariae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Fragaria × ananassa (Rosaceae); by artificial inoculation: Fragaria virginiana, F. vesca, Potentilla fruticosa and P. glandulosa (Rosaceae). DISEASE: Angular leaf spot and vascular decline or collapse of strawberry. First described in 1962 in North America. The leaf spot phase appears as minute water-soaked spots on the underside of leaves surrounded by the smallest veins. In the early stages symptoms are only visible on the leaf underside. Spots enlarge, coalesce, penetrate to the upper leaf surface and darken, turning into large, irregular necrotic areas. They have a shiny appearance and are usually covered by bacterial exudate which, when dry, turns brown and appears as gum-like scales. Spots coalesce more frequently along the primary and secondary veins. The dead tissues tear and break off, and the diseased leaf may assume a ragged appearance. Heavy losses may occur with frequent overhead sprinkler irrigation. The conditions favouring infection are moderate to cool daytime temperatures (about 20°C), low night-time temperatures and high humidities (MAAS, 1998). In addition, blossom blight of strawberry has been found in California and is caused by a complex of X. fragariae and Cladosporium cladosporioides (GUBLER et al., 1999). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Ethiopia, Réunion. NORTH AMERICA: Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec), USA (California, Florida, Kentucky, Minnesota, North Carolina, Wisconsin). SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Paulo), Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela. ASIA: Taiwan, Israel. AUSTRALASIA: Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria), New Zealand. EUROPE: Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy (Sicily), Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: Rain splash from infested leaf litter in the soil on to young healthy leaves. Penetration occurs through the stomata. Infections of the crowns occur through local wounds or downwards from affected leaves. Bacteria can overwinter in leaf litter and for many years in dried leaf material. Residues of infected leaves and crown infections on runners used for planting are sources of inoculum for primary infections.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phytoplasma australiense [Candidatus] R.E. Davis et al. Bacteria: Phytoplasmas Hosts: Grapevine (Vitis spp.), pawpaw (Carica papaya) and Phormium tenax. Information is given on the geographical distribution in OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phytophthora cambivora (Petri) Buisman. Chromista: Oomycetes: Peronosporales. Hosts: many hardwood forest trees especially chestnut (Castanea spp.) and other Fagaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Crete, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, European Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, England and Wales, Scotland), Asia (India, Japan, Hokkaido, Korea Republic, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Taiwan, Turkey), Africa (Madagascar, Mauritius, Nigeria, South Africa), North America (Canada, British Columbia, USA, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia), Oceania (Australia, New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Diplocarpon earlianum (Ell. & Everhart) Wolf. Hosts: Strawberry (Fragaria spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Canary Islands, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Asia, Hong Kong, India, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Israel, Japan, Kampuchea, Peninsular Malaysia, Taiwan, USSR, Armenia, Krasnodar, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Western Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Europe, Denmark, Faroe Islands, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Switzerland, UK, USSR, Latvia, North America, Canada, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Central America & West Indies, Cuba, Guatemala, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, South America, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Uruguay.


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