scholarly journals Cosmos sulphureus (sulphur cosmos).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher F. Puttock
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Annual Herb ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
Environmental Weed

Abstract Cosmos sulphureus is a prolific seed-producing annual herb considered native to Mexico and northern South America. It grows to two metres tall, and sports very attractive heads of yellow flowers. There are numerous popular cultivars of C. sulphureus in the international horticultural trade, resulting in its wide and intentional spread by humans. The species has been known to escape cultivation and to naturalize. It is recorded as an environmental weed and occasionally as an invasive plant in parts of Africa, Asia, North and Central America and Pacific Islands though details of impact are lacking.

Dysmicoccus boninsis. [Distribution map].

1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Bonin Islands ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dysmicoccus boninsis (Kuw.) (Homopt., Coccoidea) (Grey Sugar-cane Mealybug). Hosts: Sugar-cane, grasses. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Bonin Islands, Formosa, Japan, AFRICA, Egypt, Mauritius, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, CarolineIs. HawaiianIs. MarianaIs. New Caledonia, New Guinea, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, U.S.A., CENTRAL AMERICA and WEST INDIES, Panama, West Indies, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil, Surinam, Venezuela.

Epitrix fasciata. [Distribution map].

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Society Islands ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Epitrix fasciata Blatchley (Epitrix parvula(F.)) (Col., Chrysomelidae). Host Plants: Potato, tobacco, tomato, brinjal. Information is given on the geographical distribution in PACIFIC ISLANDS, Hawaii, Society Islands, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, CENTRAL AMERICA and WEST INDIES, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Surinam, Uruguay, Venezuela.

Chrysomphalus ficus. [Distribution map].

1951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Society Islands ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Chrysomphalus ficus[Chrysomphalus aonidum] Ashm. (aonidum auct.) (Florida Red Scale). Hosts: Citrus; wide range of Mono- and Dicotyledons. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, China, Formosa, Hong Kong, Kowloon, India, Indonesia, Israel, Malaya, Pakistan, Philippines, Syria, AFRICA, Agaléga Island, Algeria, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Egypt, Madagascar, Mauritius, Morocco, Northern Rhodesia, Portuguese East Africa, Seychelles, Southern Rhodesia, Union of South Africa, Zanzibar, AUSTRALASIA AND PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, Hawaii, Society Islands, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, U.S.A., CENTRAL AMERICA and WEST INDIES, Honduras, Panama, West Indies, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, British Guiana, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela, Pakistan, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Yemen, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Yemen, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, American Samoa, Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Caroline Islands, Fiji, Hawaii, Kiribati, New Caledonia, Ogasawara-shoto, Papua, New Guinea, Society Islands, Tuvalu, Western Samoa, NORTH AMERICA, USA, California, Florida, Mississippi, Texas, Washington D.C., CENTRAL AMERICA and CARIBBEAN, Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Panama, Puerto Rico, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Trinidad, Virgin Islands, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Surinam, Uruguay, Venezuela.

scholarly journals Fall and Winter Movements of Newfoundland Graycheeked Thrushes (Catharus Minimus Minimus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darroch M. Whitaker ◽  
Ian G. Warkentin ◽  
Keith A. Hobson ◽  
Peter Thomas ◽  
Rinchen Boardman
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Winter Habitat ◽  
Winter Range ◽  
Contemporary Research ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
Migratory Stopover

Abstract The Newfoundland subspecies of Gray-cheeked Thrush (Catharus minimus minimus) has declined since the 1980s and degradation of winter habitat has been suggested as a contributing stressor. However, the winter range of this subspecies is not well understood, so we fitted 29 males with archival GPS tags during summer 2016. Four tagged thrushes were recaptured in summer 2017 and, though all tags had missing locations and broken antennae, the data retrieved showed that one thrush wintered in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM) in northern Colombia, one in the nearby Sierra de Perija in Venezuela, and a third may have settled in the same region. One tag provided locations until April 21 and that thrush was consistently detected within a ~1 ha area through the winter. Locations obtained during fall migration indicated that thrushes travelled to South America via Central America and possibly by directly crossing the Caribbean. Contemporary research indicates that the SNSM is an important migratory stopover for Northern Gray-cheeked Thrushes (C. m. aliciae) but a historical report coupled with our observations suggest winter use of the SNSM and adjacent areas in northern South America by C. m. minimus, though numbers may be lower than during the 1900s.

scholarly journals Phylogeny and Systematics of Crescentieae (Bignoniaceae), a Neotropical Clade of Cauliflorous and Bat-Pollinated Trees

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-228
Author(s):  
Audrey C. Ragsac ◽  
Susan O. Grose ◽  
Richard G. Olmstead
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Insect Pollination ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Bat Pollination ◽  
Center Of Diversity ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
Understory Trees

Abstract—The tribe Crescentieae includes Amphitecna (21 species), Crescentia (six species), and Parmentiera (10 species), three genera of understory trees with a center of diversity in Central America and a small number of species in the Antilles and northern South America. Species in Crescentieae are united by their fleshy, indehiscent fruit and cauliflorous, bat-pollinated flowers. To lay a foundation for examining morphological, ecological, and biogeographic patterns within the tribe, we inferred the phylogeny for Crescentieae using both chloroplast (ndhF, trnL-F) and nuclear markers (PepC, ITS). The most recent circumscription of Crescentieae, containing Amphitecna, Crescentia, and Parmentiera is supported by our phylogenetic results. Likewise, the sister relationship between Crescentieae and the Antillean-endemic Spirotecoma is also corroborated by our findings. This relationship implies the evolution of fleshy and indehiscent fruits from dry and dehiscent ones, as well as the evolution of bat pollination from insect pollination. Fruits and seeds from species in Crescentieae are consumed by humans, ungulates, birds, and fish.

Mythimna unipuncta. [Distribution map].

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Mythimna Unipuncta ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Mythimna unipuncta (Haw.) (Formerly referred to as Cirphis, Lencania and Psetidaletia unipuncta (Haw.)) (Lep., Noctuidae). Host Plants: Cereals and forage crops. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Azores, Britain, Crete, France, Greece, Portugal, Sicily, Spain, ASIA (excl. USSR), Iran, Israel, USSR, AFRICA, Canary Islands, Madeira, Mali, Morocco, Niger, Senegal, Somali Republic, Togo, Upper Volga, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Hawaii, Midway Island, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Mexico, U.S.A., CENTRAL AMERICA and WEST INDIES, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama, West Indies, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela.

Revision of the Neotropical genus Domodon Reemer (Diptera: Syrphidae), with description of three new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4648 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-536
Author(s):  
FERNANDO DA SILVA CARVALHO-FILHO ◽  
MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO MARTINS ◽  
MATHEUS TAVARES DE SOUZA ◽  
MENNO REEMER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
Three New Species

The Syrphidae genus Domodon Reemer, 2013 so far included two species, D. zodiacus Reemer, 2013 and D. peperpotensis Reemer, 2014, both recorded only from Suriname. Additional specimens belonging to this genus have been collected in many other localities in South and Central America. In this paper, the genus is revised and three new species are described: D. caxiuana sp. nov. (northern South America), D. inaculeatus sp. nov. (northern South America), and D. sensibilis sp. nov. (Costa Rica). The distribution of D. peperpotensis is extended to include French Guiana. Photographs of the type material of the new species and illustrations of male genitalia of all species are provided, as well as a key to species. 

scholarly journals Tracking the Choco jet since the 19th Century by using historical wind direction measurements

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gallego ◽  
Ricardo García-Herrera ◽  
Francisco de Paula Gómez-Delgado ◽  
Paulina Ordoñez-Perez ◽  
Pedro Ribera
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Westerly Jet ◽  
Eastern Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract. In this paper, we demonstrate that the methodology recently developed to quantify the strength of monsoonal circulations by using historical wind direction observations can be applied to compute a new index for the intensity of the Choco jet. This is a low-level westerly jet observed from May to November whose core is located at 5º N and 80º W that modulates the moisture transport from the Pacific into Central America and northern South America. The Choco jet is profoundly related to the dynamics of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the eastern equatorial Pacific and it is responsible of up to 30 % of the total precipitation in these areas. We have been able to produce an index for this jet starting in the 19th century, adding almost a century of data to previous comparable indices. Our results indicate that the seasonal distribution of the precipitation in Central America has changed along the 20th century as a response to the changes in the Choco jet, with has diminished (increased) its strength in July (September). Additionally, we have found that the relation between the Choco jet and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation has been remarkably stable along the entire 20th century, a finding particularly significant because the stability of this relation is usually the basis of the hydrologic reconstructions in northern South America.

Lectotypification of Warszewiczia pulcherrima (Rubiaceae) with notes on Józef Warszewicz’s plant collection preserved at KRA herbarium from his trips to Central and South America

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 442 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
MARCIN NOBIS ◽  
TOMASZ GŁUSZAK ◽  
ALICJA ZEMANEK ◽  
BOGDAN ZEMANEK
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Plant Collection ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Northern South America

Warszewiczia Klotzsch (1853: 497) is a Neotropical genus of the tribe Condamineeae (Rova et al. 2002, Duncan 2007, Bremer & Eriksson 2009, Kainulainen et al. 2010, Delprete 2019), family Rubiaceae. The genus comprises seven well-distinguished species (Pantoja 1994, Tropicos 1995+) distributed in southern Central America and northern South America (Pantoja 1994, Lorence 1999, Kainulainen et al. 2010, Baksh-Comeau et al. 2016).

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