A review of Who cares about particle physics? Making sense of the Higgs Boson, the Large Hadron Collider and CERN, by Pauline Gagnon, and Modern elementary particle physics: explaining and extending the standard model, 2nd edition, by Gordon Kane

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
Lewis Ryder
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particle ◽  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Elementary Particle Physics ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
The Standard Model

The Discovery of a Higgs Particle at the Large Hadron Collider

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Aleandro Nisati
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Scientific Programme ◽  
Fundamental Particle ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
8 Tev ◽  
The Masses

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is the highest energy machine for particle physics research ever built. In the years 2010–2012 this accelerator has collided protons to a centre-mass-energy up to 8 TeV (note that 1 TeV corresponds to the energy of about 1000 protons at rest; the mass of one proton is about 1.67×10–24 g). The events delivered by the LHC have been collected and analysed by four apparatuses placed alongside this machine. The search for the Higgs boson predicted by the Standard Model and the search for new particles and fields beyond this theory represent the most important points of the scientific programme of the LHC. In July 2012, the international collaborations ATLAS and CMS, consisting of more than 3000 physicists, announced the discovery of a new neutral particle with a mass of about 125 GeV, whose physics properties are compatible, within present experimental and theoretical uncertainties, to the Higgs boson predicted by the Standard Model. This discovery represents a major milestone for particle physics, since it indicates that the hypothesized Higgs mechanism seems to be responsible for the masses of elementary particles, in particular W± and Z0 bosons, as well as fermions (leptons and quarks). The 2013 Physics Nobel Prize has been assigned to F. Englert and P. Higgs, ‘for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider’.

scholarly journals The pre-LHC Higgs hunt

2015 ◽  
Vol 373 (2032) ◽  
pp. 20140039 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Dissertori
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Precise Data ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Electron Positron

Enormous efforts at accelerators and experiments all around the world have gone into the search for the long-sought Higgs boson, postulated almost five decades ago. This search has culminated in the discovery of a Higgs-like particle by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider in 2012. Instead of describing this widely celebrated discovery, in this article I will rather focus on earlier attempts to discover the Higgs boson, or to constrain the range of possible masses by interpreting precise data in the context of the Standard Model of particle physics. In particular, I will focus on the experimental efforts carried out during the last two decades, at the Large Electron Positron collider, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, and the Tevatron collider, Fermilab, near Chicago, IL, USA.

SEARCH FOR THE STANDARD MODEL HIGGS BOSON WITH THE ATLAS DETECTOR

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (07) ◽  
pp. 1330015
Author(s):  
◽  
DOMIZIA ORESTANO
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Atlas Detector ◽  
Standard Model Higgs Boson ◽  
Cern Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Atlas Experiment ◽  
The Standard Model

This document presents a brief overview of some of the experimental techniques employed by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in the search for the Higgs boson predicted by the standard model (SM) of particle physics. The data and the statistical analyses that allowed in July 2012, only few days before this presentation at the Marcel Grossman Meeting, to firmly establish the observation of a new particle are described. The additional studies needed to check the consistency between the newly discovered particle and the Higgs boson are also discussed.

scholarly journals Outstanding questions: physics beyond the Standard Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 370 (1961) ◽  
pp. 818-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Universe

The Standard Model of particle physics agrees very well with experiment, but many important questions remain unanswered, among them are the following. What is the origin of particle masses and are they due to a Higgs boson? How does one understand the number of species of matter particles and how do they mix? What is the origin of the difference between matter and antimatter, and is it related to the origin of the matter in the Universe? What is the nature of the astrophysical dark matter? How does one unify the fundamental interactions? How does one quantize gravity? In this article, I introduce these questions and discuss how they may be addressed by experiments at the Large Hadron Collider, with particular attention to the search for the Higgs boson and supersymmetry.

scholarly journals Synthesis on Heavy Higgs from the Standard Model to 2HDM and Beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 110-142
Author(s):  
Abdeljalil Habjia
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Decay Channels ◽  
Higgs Decay ◽  
The Standard Model

In the context of particle physics, within the ATLAS and CMS experiments at large hadron collider (LHC), this work presents the discussion of the discovery of a particle compatible with the Higgs boson by the combination of several decay channels, with a mass of the order of 125.5 GeV. With increased statistics, that is the full set of data collected by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at LHC ( s1/2 = 7GeV and s1/2 = 8GeV ), the particle is also discovered individually in the channel h-->γγ with an observed significance of 5.2σ and 4.7σ, respectively. The analysis dedicated to the measurement of the mass mh and signal strength μ which is defined as the ratio of σ(pp --> h) X Br(h-->X) normalized to its Standard Model where X = WW*; ZZ*; γγ ; gg; ff. The combined results in h-->γγ channel gave the measurements: mh = 125:36 ± 0:37Gev, (μ = 1:17 ± 0:3) and the constraint on the width Γ(h) of the Higgs decay of 4.07 MeV at 95%CL. The spin study rejects the hypothesis of spin 2 at 99 %CL. The odd parity (spin parity 0- state) is excluded at more than 98%CL. Within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties accessible at the time of the analysis, all results: channels showing the excess with respect to the background-only hypothesis, measured mass and signal strength, couplings, quantum numbers (JPC), production modes, total and differential cross-sections, are compatible with the Standard Model Higgs boson at 95%CL. Although the Standard Model is one of the theories that have experienced the greatest number of successes to date, it is imperfect. The inability of this model to describe certain phenomena seems to suggest that it is only an approximation of a more general theory. Models beyond the Standard Model, such as 2HDM, MSSM or NMSSM, can compensate some of its limitations and postulate the existence of additional Higgs bosons.

scholarly journals Twenty years of searching for the Higgs boson: Exclusion at LEP, discovery at LHC

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 1430004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezső Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
Large Electron Positron

The 40 years old Standard Model, the theory of particle physics, seems to describe all experimental data very well. All of its elementary particles were identified and studied apart from the Higgs boson until 2012. For decades, many experiments were built and operated searching for it, and finally, the two main experiments of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, CMS and ATLAS, in 2012 observed a new particle with properties close to those predicted for the Higgs boson. In this paper, we outline the search story: the exclusion of the Higgs boson at the Large Electron Positron (LEP) collider, and its observation at LHC.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF UNIVERSAL EXTRA DIMENSIONS ON HIGGS SIGNALS AT LHC

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 823-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANTOSH KUMAR RAI
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Extra Dimension ◽  
Extra Dimensions ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Universal Extra Dimension ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Standard Model

A major focus at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be on Higgs boson studies and it would be an interesting prospect to simultaneously probe for physics beyond the Standard Model in the Higgs signals. In this work we show as to what extent, the effects of universal extra dimension (UED) can be isolated at the LHC through the Higgs signals. By doing a detailed study of the different uncertainties involved in the measurement of the rates for the process pp →h →γγ, we estimate the extent to which these uncertainties can mask the effects of the contributions coming from UED.

scholarly journals Triple Higgs boson production at the Large Hadron Collider with Two Real Singlet scalars

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Papaefstathiou ◽  
Tania Robens ◽  
Gilberto Tetlalmatzi-Xolocotzi
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Higgs Bosons ◽  
Final State ◽  
Quark Pairs ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Scalar Sector

Abstract We investigate the production of three Higgs bosons in the Two Real Singlet extension of the Standard Model, where the scalar sector is augmented by two additional real scalar fields which are singlets under the Standard Model gauge group. The model contains three neutral CP-even scalars, allowing for resonant production and asymmetric decay chains. We focus on the signature pp → h3→ h1h2→ h1h1h1, where we identify h3 as the heaviest scalar state, h2 as the second heaviest and the lightest, h1, as the Standard Model-like Higgs boson discovered by the Large Hadron Collider experiments. The dominant final state occurs when all three Higgs bosons decay to bottom-anti-bottom quark pairs, h1→$$ b\overline{b} $$ b b ¯ , leading to 6 b-jets. Taking into account all current theoretical and experimental constraints, we determine the discovery prospects for this channel in future runs of the Large Hadron Collider, as well as in the high-luminosity phase.

scholarly journals The Discovery of the Higgs Boson at the LHC

2020 ◽  
pp. 263-309
Author(s):  
Peter Jenni ◽  
Tejinder S. Virdee
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Higgs Mechanism ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Design And Construction

AbstractIn July 2012 the ATLAS and CMS experiments announced the discovery of a Higgs boson, confirming the conjecture put forward in the 1960’s. This article briefly traces the history of the Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism, its impact on the elucidation of the standard model, the design and construction of the ATLAS and CMS experiments, and finally the discovery of the Higgs boson. The article outlines some of the challenges faced during the construction of the Large Hadron Collider and its experiments, and their operation and performance. In particular, recent results relating to the properties and couplings of the Higgs boson will be discussed as well future prospects at the LHC.

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