Symbiosis between Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii strain TA1 and a white clover cultivar benefits clover tolerance to cadmium toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-364
Author(s):  
Sandra D. Young ◽  
Chikako van Koten ◽  
Colin W. Gray ◽  
Jo Anne E. Cavanagh ◽  
Steve A. Wakelin
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium

scholarly journals Root excretion and plant tolerance to cadmium toxicity - a review

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dong ◽  
W.H. Mao ◽  
G.P. Zhang ◽  
F.B. Wu ◽  
Y. Cai
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudates ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rhizosphere Ph ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Rhizosphere Environment ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium

Significant quantities of Cd have been added to soils globally due to various anthropogenic activities, posing a serious threat to safe food production and human health. Rhizosphere, as an important interface of soil and plant, plays a significant role in the agro-environmental system. This article presents a review of relationship between root excretion and microorganisms and plant resistance to Cd toxicity and possible mechanisms. Root exudates markedly altered in species and quantity under Cd stress. Root exudates can affect Cd absorption by plants through changing the physical and chemical characteristics of rhizospheres. The influence of root exudates on Cd bioavailability and toxicity may include modifying the rhizosphere pH and Eh, chelating/complexing and depositing with Cd ions, and altering the community construction, the numbers and activities of rhizospheric microbes. In this paper, the methods to reduce the transfer of Cd in soil-plant system by adjusting rhizosphere environment are discussed, and some aspects are also proposed that should be emphasized in the future research work.

Absence of Changes in Metallothionein RNA in the Rat Testes Made Refractory to Cadmium Toxicity by Zinc Pretreatment

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakaria Z. Wahba ◽  
Mark Steven Miller ◽  
Michael P. Waalkes
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Cdna Probe ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Slot Blot ◽  
Tissue Resistance ◽  
Blot Technique ◽  
Induced Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium

Testicular toxicity and interstitial cell tumours induced by cadmium are prevented by zinc or by low dose cadmium pretreatments. The mechanism of this tolerance is unknown, though metallothionein (MT) is thought to play a role in tissue resistance to cadmium toxicity. Thus, the possible involvement of the testicular MT gene in metal-induced tolerance to cadmium toxicity was studied. Rats were pretreated with zinc (1.0 mmol kg-1, s.c.). Histological examination of the testes indicated such pretreatments prevented the necrotizing effects of subsequent doses of cadmium (20 ?mol kg-1, s.c.) administered 24 h later. RNA was extracted from testes or liver 24 h after zinc pretreatment, and analysed by the slot blot technique using the p2A10 cDNA probe to the MT gene. Zinc pretreatment had little effect on MT RNA in the testes, and such pretreatments did not alter testicular cadmium-binding protein capacity. In contrast, RNAs derived from livers of zinc pretreated rats showed marked increases in MT RNA and MT protein. Hence, the testicular MT gene does not appear to play a major role in the induced tolerance to cadmium toxicity and carcinogenesis generated by zinc.

Cellular Mechanisms in Higher Plants Governing Tolerance to Cadmium Toxicity

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girish Choppala ◽  
Saifullah ◽  
Nanthi Bolan ◽  
Sadia Bibi ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium

scholarly journals A cadmium stress-responsive gene AtFC1 confers plant tolerance to cadmium toxicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Song ◽  
Sheng Jun Feng ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Wen Ting Zhao ◽  
Zhi Min Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Responsive Gene ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium

scholarly journals Morphogenesis of root nodules in white clover. II. The effect of mutation in genes nod IJ of the microsymbiont upon the nodule structure

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Barbara Łotocka ◽  
Joanna Kopcińska ◽  
Władysław Golinowski
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Delayed Reaction ◽  
Infection Threads

Morphogenesis of ineffective root nodules initiated on the roots of white clover 'Astra' by the <em>Rhizobium leguminosarum</em> biovar. <em>trifolii</em> strains ANU261 (Tn5 insertion in nod 1 gene) and ANU262 (Tn5 insertion in nod J gene) was investigated. Following changes were observed, as compared to the wild-type nodulation: the exaggerated, not delayed reaction of root hairs; the delay in nodulation with the number of nodules the same as in plants inoculated with a wild strain; the formation and organization of the nodule primordium not changed in comparison with the wild-type nodules; infection threads abnormally branched and diffusing with bacteria deprived of light zone and enriched with storage material; infected cells of bacteroidal tissue abnormally strongly osmiophilic and only slightly vacuolated; symbiosomes with very narrowed peribacteroidal space, subject to premature degradation; abnormal accumulation of starch in the nodule tissues; nodule development blocked at the stage of laterally situated meristem and single nodule bundle; inhibition of divisions in the meristem and vacuolation of its cells; the appearance of single cells with colonies of saprophytic rhizobia embedded in the fibrillar matrix in the old, degraded regions of the bacteroidal tissue.

Lectin involvement in the development of wheat tolerance to cadmium toxicity

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1048-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Bezrukova ◽  
R. A. Fatkhutdinova ◽  
A. R. Lubyanova ◽  
A. R. Murzabaev ◽  
V. V. Fedyaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium
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