scholarly journals The generic position ofAustrofestuca littoralisand the reinstatement ofHookerochloaandFestucella(Poaceae) based on evidence from nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (trnL‐trnF) DNA sequences

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Hunter ◽  
D. A. Orlovich ◽  
K. M. Lloyd ◽  
W. G. Lee ◽  
D. J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Generic Position ◽  
Nuclear Its

Phylogenetic relationships and a new sectional classification of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. van Ee ◽  
Paul I. Forster ◽  
Paul E. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Species Lists ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Australian Flora ◽  
Sectional Classification

A molecular phylogeny, morphological descriptions, species lists and a key to the sections of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) recognised for Australia are presented. The molecular phylogenetic results supported the recognition of six sections, to account for the 29 native Australian species. The monophyly of each of these sections was highly supported in the Bayesian and maximum-likelihood analyses of nuclear ITS and plastid trnL–F DNA sequences, whereas their relationships to each other and to other groups were less well resolved. Croton may represent one, two or three separate arrivals to Australia, with support for hypotheses of subsequent dispersals from Australia to Pacific islands and to Asia. Croton sections Argyrati, Arnhemici, Caudati, Dockrilliorum and Insulares are newly described. Croton section Gymnocroton Baill., previously placed in synonymy, is again recognised. Croton armstrongii S.Moore is excluded from the Australian flora.

Molecular systematics of Australian Podolepis (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae): evidence from DNA sequences of the nuclear ITS region and the chloroplast matK gene

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Konishi ◽  
K. Watanabe ◽  
K. Kosuge
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Chromosomal Evolution ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Base Number ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Matk Gene ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Generic Relationships

The generic circumscription and intra-generic relationships of the genus Podolepis Labill., with various chromosome numbers from n = 12 to n = 3, were examined by sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the matK gene of chloroplast DNA. The topology of the ITS tree for 17 species and the matK tree for 18 species of the genus Podolepis sensu Davis (1957) and Anderberg (1991) and 15 taxa from eight related genera (Anderberg 1989, 1991, 1994) are basically concordant. Except for P. georgei Diels andP. kendallii F.Muell., parsimony analyses support the monophyly of the genus Podolepis sensu Davis (1957) and Anderberg (1991). The genera of Asteridea Lindl. and Pterochaeta Steetz are sisters toPodolepis in the combined tree based on the ITS and matK sequences. Within the monophyletic clade of the genus Podolepis, three lineages are identified. The chromosome base number of x = 12 may be ancestral in the genus Podolepis. The dysploidal reduction in chromosome number from n = 12 to n = 10 and 9, from n = 12 to n = 8 and 7, and from n = 12 to n = 11 and 3 in three lineages, respectively, is the primary mode of chromosomal evolution in this genus. Total karyotypic length (= genome size) is much greater in perennials than in annuals within the genus Podolepis. The number of pappus bristles on outer female florets tends to decrease and they are absent in some annuals of this genus, while myxogenic cells on the pericarp become prominent.

Phylogeny of Subtribe Aeridinae (Orchidaceae) Inferred from DNA Sequences Data : Advanced Analyses Including Australasian Genera

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Topik Hidayat ◽  
Peter H. Weston ◽  
Tomohisa Yukawa ◽  
Motomi Ito ◽  
Rod Rice
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Preliminary Work ◽  
Secondary Center ◽  
Generic Position ◽  
Australasian Region

Advanced phylogenetic analyses of the orchid subtribe Aeridinae has been conducted using DNA sequences of ITS region of nrDNA andmatK of cpDNA. In the preliminary work, we only involved the most representative Asian genera of the subtribe. Further, to establish more robust relationships in the Aeridinae, in this study we have extended the sampling to include Australasian specimens. Our analyses revealed that: (1) the subtribe is reorganised by four major groups with 11 subgroups (This is inconsistent with previous classification systems of the subtribe); (2) the Australasian region is a secondary center of diversification of the subtribe; (3) vegetative features have shown to have greater value than reproductive one in determining major groups in the subtribe; and (4) at genus level, some genera, i.e. Phalaenopsis,Cleisostoma, Sarcochilus, and Aerides are shown to be non-monophyletic. This study also resolved the taxonomic status ofAerides flabellata Rolve ex Downie, a species with a debatable generic position.

Bulbophyllum linzhiense (Orchidaceae, Malaxideae), a new species from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 429 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
LIANG MA ◽  
SAI ZHANG ◽  
ZHUANG ZHOU ◽  
SI-REN LAN ◽  
SHI-PIN CHEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Tibet Autonomous Region ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Taiwan Island ◽  
A New Species

We have described and illustrated a new species, Bulbophyllum linzhiense (Malaxideae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae), from Tibet Autonomous Region in southwest China. The size and overall floral morphology of the new species are similar to those of B. rubrolabellum, a species endemic to Taiwan island on the southeast coast of China, but is different by apart pseudobulbs, lower flowers, ovate-lanceolate bracts, longer pedicel and ovary, yellow-green flower, and lanceolate lateral sepals. A cladistic analysis based on the nuclear (ITS) and plastid (matK, trnL-F, and atpI-atpH) DNA sequences supported the new species is sister to B. rubrolabellum.

Phenotypic disparity and adaptive radiation in the genus Cladia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota)

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Thorsten Lumbsch ◽  
Sittiporn Parnmen ◽  
Achariya Rangsiruji ◽  
John A. Elix
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Adaptive Radiation ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Broad Distribution ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Morphological Disparity ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Nuclear Its

Phylogenetic relationships of the genera Cladia, Heterodea and Ramalinora were reconstructed using a combined dataset of ribosomal nuclear ITS and LSU and mitochondrial SSU, and protein-coding Mcm7 DNA sequences. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses strongly supported a monophyletic group in which the species of the foliose genus Heterodea and the crustose genus Ramalinora were nested within the fruticose genus Cladia. Alternative hypothesis testing rejected an independent status of Ramalinora. We tested the hypothesis that an adaptive radiation led to the morphological disparity found in the Cladia clade. Gamma-statistics indicated a significantly disproportional clustering of origins of extant lineages at the base of the Cladia clade and lineage-through-time plots were also consistent with the hypothesis of an adaptive radiation at the base of the Cladia clade. Ancestral-range reconstructions supported an origin of Cladia and the three major lineages within Cladia in Australia. On the basis of these results, we propose an evolutionary hypothesis for the genus. The results suggest that processes of adaptive radiation of the ancestor of Cladia in Australia led to the morphological disparity in the extant taxa, and that the broad distribution of some extant species is due to subsequent long-distance dispersal.

scholarly journals The Callerya Group redefined and Tribe Wisterieae (Fabaceae) emended based on morphology and data from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences

PhytoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 1-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Compton ◽  
Brian D. Schrire ◽  
Kálmán Könyves ◽  
Félix Forest ◽  
Panagiota Malakasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Combination ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Single Genus ◽  
Chloroplast Dna Sequences

The Tribe Wisterieae (Zhu 1994), founded on the single genus Wisteria, is emended and recircumscribed based on morphology and data from nuclear ITS and ndhJ-trnF, matK and rbcL chloroplast DNA sequences. This newly enlarged tribe comprises 36 species and 9 infraspecific taxa within 13 described genera. Six genera are new, two are reinstated and five were previously placed in Tribe Millettieae. The genus Adinobotrys is also reinstated comprising two species including the new combination A.vastus. Other reinstated genera include Whitfordiodendron, with four species, and Padbruggea, with three species, including the reinstatement of P.filipes and the new combination P.filipesvar.tomentosa. The existing genera Afgekia, Callerya, Endosamara (with the new combination E.racemosavar.pallida), Sarcodum and Wisteria, with the new combinations W.frutescenssubsp.macrostachya are evaluated. The new genera comprise three Australasian species in Austrocallerya: A.australis, A.megasperma and A.pilipes; Wisteriopsis with five species from east Asia has six new combinations: W.japonica, W.kiangsiensis, W.championii, W.eurybotrya, W.reticulata and W.reticulatavar.stenophylla. Two species comprise the new Thai genus Kanburia: K.tenasserimensis and K.chlorantha. Nanhaia comprises the two species: N.fordii and N.speciosa and the monotypic genera Sigmoidala and Serawaia are based respectively on the species S.kityana and S.strobilifera. Lectotypes are designated for the names Adinobotrysfilipes, A.myrianthus, Millettiabonatiana, Millettiabracteosa, Millettiachampionii, Millettiacinerea, Millettiadielsiana, Millettiakityana, M.maingayi, Millettianitida, Millettiaoocarpa, Millettiapurpurea, M.reticulata, M.reticulatavar.stenophylla, Padbruggeadasyphylla, Pterocarpusaustralis, Robiniaracemosa, Whitfordiodendronscandens, W.sumatranum and Wisteriapallida. A neotype is designated for the name Millettialeiogyna.

scholarly journals Designation of the neotype of Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae), with full integrated redescription including mitogenome and nuclear ITS-2 sequences

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1076 ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Silvia Andrade Justi ◽  
Carolina Dale
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
American Museum ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Second Internal Transcribed Spacer

The taxonomic status of Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) is, by far, the most discussed within Triatominae. Molecular studies have recovered at least three independently evolving lineages in T. dimidiata across its range. The original description of T. dimidiata (as Reduvius dimidiatus) included few taxonomic characters, and no types were assigned. To define and describe the cryptic diversity within T. dimidiata sensu lato (s.l.), a neotype must be designated. For this purpose, all 199 specimens identified as T. dimidiata from the collections of the Smithsonian Institution – National Museum of Natural History and the American Museum of Natural History, ranging from Peru to Mexico, were studied. Only one specimen (from Tumbes, Peru) matched the combination of characters as listed in the original description, and it is herein formally designated as the neotype for T. dimidiata. The neotype is morphologically described and DNA sequences of its whole mitochondrial genome and the nuclear second internal transcribed spacer region (ITS2), commonly used in triatomine molecular systematics studies, are presented and compared to other publicly available sequences of T. dimidiata s.l. in GenBank. Our results suggest that T. dimidiata sensu stricto (s.s.) is somewhat rare and, therefore, unlikely to serve as a major vector of Chagas disease.

scholarly journals Systematics of Scleranthus (Caryophyllaceae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Robin David Smissen
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Dna Sequence Analysis ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Floral Characters

<p>Scleranthus is a genus of about 12 species of herbaceous flowering plants or small shrubs with a disjunct Eurasian/Australasian distribution. Monophyly of the genus is supported by the close similarity of gynoecial development of all species and consistent with nuclear ITS DNA sequence analysis. Traditionally the genus had been divided into two sections, section Scleranthus and section Mniarum. Section Mniarum is exclusively Australasian while section Scleranthus has been circumscribed to contain exclusively European species or a combination of European and Australasian species. Pollen and floral characters align the species into Australasian and Eurasian groups also supported by nuclear ITS DNA sequence analysis. Section Scleranthus as more broadly defined (i.e., sensu West and Garnock-Jones, 1986) is therefore at least paraphyletic or at worst polypyhyletic. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on morphological characters differ from those based on ITS sequences in supporting different relationships within the Australasian species of Scleranthus. Hybridisation and introgression within the genus are discussed and suggested as the cause of discordance between morphology and DNA sequence based trees. Low sequence divergence among Scleranthus ITS sequences suggests that the European and Australasian clades within the genus diverged within the last l0 million years. Biogeographic implications of these dating and competing hypotheses explaining the disjunct North-South distribution of the genus are discussed. Nuclear ITS and chloroplast ndhF DNA sequences both suggest that Scleranthus belongs to a clade within the family Caryophyllaceae consisting of members of subfamilies Alsinoideae and Caryophylloideae. Phylogenetic relationships between genera belonging to the three subfamilies of Caryophyllaceae (Alsinoideae, Caryophyloideae, and Paronychioideae) are addressed in this thesis through ndhF sequence analysis, which provides no support for the monophyly of traditionally recognised groups. Morphological character data sets are likely to always encompass multiple incongruent data partitions (sensu Bull et al. 1993). It may therefore be appropriate to combine data from DNA sequence and morphology for parsimony analysis even where the two are significantly incongruent.</p>

Impatiens bullatisepala (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 500 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224
Author(s):  
SHUAI PENG ◽  
YI-YAN CONG ◽  
JING TIAN ◽  
CAI-FEI ZHANG ◽  
GUANG-WAN HU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Spacer Dna

Impatiens bullatisepala (Balsaminaceae), a new species supported by morphological and phylogenetic evidence from Fanjing Mountain, Guizhou province in China, is described here. It is morphologically similar to I. davidii but can be distinguished by its dorsally ridged lateral sepals with sunk reticulate veins and bullate projections on abaxial surface, 2–2.5 cm deep saccate lower sepal with ca. 0.8 cm long narrowly triangular tip at the mouth, and broadly ovate dorsal petal. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined dataset of nuclear ITS and plastid atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer DNA sequences furtherly confirmed its novelty.

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