The late Middle Pleistocene upper third molar from Florisbad: metrics and morphology

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Smith ◽  
J. S. Brink ◽  
J. W. Hoffman ◽  
L.C. Bam ◽  
R. Nshimirimana ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Carolin Röding ◽  
Julia Zastrow ◽  
Heike Scherf ◽  
Constantin Doukas ◽  
Katerina Harvati

The left upper third molar from the Megalopolis Basin is enigmatic due to its problematic preservation and context. The Megalopolis molar is the only possible human fossil known to date from the Megalopolis Basin. It was found on the surface during geological surveys in 1962-63. Based on the faunal assemblage collected during the same survey, it was proposed to be of Middle Pleistocene age and possibly one of the oldest human fossils in Europe. However, its actual geological age is unknown. In the past, dental crown outline analysis has been successfully used to differentiate between hominin species and populations. We applied the method to upper third molars, attempting to shed light on the affinities of the Megalopolis specimen. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the crown outline shape grouped the Megalopolis molar with our Homo sapiens sample; however, the PCA in form space, including shape plus size, as well as Procrustes distances based on overall shape, grouped it with our Neanderthal comparative sample. We conclude that its most likely identification is as a member of the Neanderthal lineage. However, we urge further analyses with an increased fossil comparative sample to include representatives of Homo heidelbergensis, which is underrepresented in our study. The Megalopolis molar contributes to the scarce Pleistocene human fossil record of Greece and highlights the potential of the Megalopolis Basin for yielding further paleoanthropological finds.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4848
Author(s):  
Liwei Wu ◽  
Xinling Li ◽  
Qinghai Xu ◽  
Manyue Li ◽  
Qiufeng Zheng ◽  
...  

The East Asian monsoon system is an important part of global atmospheric circulation; however, records of the East Asian monsoon from different regions exhibit different evolutionary rhythms. Here, we show a high-resolution record of grain size and pollen data from a lacustrine sediment core of Dajiuhu Lake in Shennongjia, Hubei Province, China, in order to reconstruct the paleovegetation and paleoeclimate evolution of the Dajiuhu Basin since the late Middle Pleistocene (~237.9 ka to the present). The results show that grain size and pollen record of the core DJH-2 are consistent with the δ18O record of stalagmites from Sanbao Cave in the same area, which is closely related to the changes of insolation at the precessional (~20-kyr) scale in the Northern Hemisphere. This is different from the records of the Asian summer monsoon recorded in the Loess Plateau of North China, which exhibited dominant 100-kyr change cyclicities. We suggest that the difference between paleoclimatic records from North and South China is closely related to the east–west-oriented mountain ranges of the Qinling Mountains in central China that blocked weakened East Asia summer monsoons across the mountains during glacial periods.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 11172-11184
Author(s):  
José Valdir Pessoa Neto ◽  
Lucas Alexandre Maia ◽  
Paulo Henrique de Brito ◽  
Marília de Lima Saraiva Maia ◽  
Moisés João Bortoluzzi Júnior ◽  
...  

1975 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-88
Author(s):  
L. C. Langan

AbstractSupernumerary teeth in the upper third molar region are relatively common but cases in the lower jaw are rare. In his survey of supernumerary teeth Stafne (1932) saw 131 upper but only 10 lower fourth molars. The following is a report of a single supernumerary tooth in the lower third molar region.


1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-186
Author(s):  
Tadashi KITAJIMA ◽  
Kenzaburo KOGA ◽  
Masahiro IKEHATA ◽  
Takanori HATTORI

Author(s):  
Philip L. Gibbard ◽  
Mark D. Bateman ◽  
Jane Leathard ◽  
R.G. West

Abstract Previous investigation of isolated landforms, on the eastern margin of the East Anglian Fenland, England, has demonstrated that they represent an ice-marginal delta and alluvial fan complex deposited at the margin of an ice lobe that entered the Fenland during the ‘Tottenhill glaciation’ (termed the ‘Skertchly Line’). They have been attributed, based on regional correlations, to a glaciation during the Late Wolstonian (i.e. Late Saalian) Substage (Drenthe Stadial, early Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6). This paper aimed to test this correlation by directly optically luminescence dating, for the first time, sediments found within the Skertchly Line at Shouldham Thorpe, Norfolk, and Maidscross Hill, Suffolk, together with those in associated kame terrace deposits at Watlington, Norfolk. Ages ranged from 244 ± 10 ka to 12.8 ± 0.46 ka, all the results being younger than MIS 8 with some clearly showing the landforms have been subsequently subjected to periglacial processes, particularly during the Late Devensian Substage (∼MIS 2). Most of the remainder fall within the range 169–212 ka and could be assigned to MIS 6, thus confirming the previously proposed age of the glaciation. The local and regional implications of these conclusions are discussed, the maximum ice limit being linked to that of the Amersfoort–Nijmegen glaciotectonic ridge limit in the central Netherlands.


2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Gustavo Almeida Souza ◽  
Zarina Tatia Santos ◽  
Alexander Tadeu Sverzut ◽  
Luciana Asprino ◽  
Márcio De Moraes

INTRODUCTION: The extraction of the upper third molar is a simple and common procedure in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery daily practice. Infection, facial swelling, trismus, wound dehiscence, root fracture, oroantral fistula, iatrogenic displacement, fracture of the maxillary tuberosity are some of the complications that can occur during third molar extraction.CASE DESCRIPTION: In this article, an unusual fracture of the pterygoid process during upper third molar extraction and a minimally invasive technique for treatment are described.CONCLUSION: It is important to recognize the fracture and not remove the fragment before a complementary image exam, it will guide the type of treatment that should be use.


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