scholarly journals On measurements of glucagon secretion in healthy, obese, and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass operated individuals using sandwich ELISA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen ◽  
Sasha A. S. Kjeldsen ◽  
Nicole J. Jensen ◽  
Jørgen Rungby ◽  
Simon Veedfald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Healthy Obese

scholarly journals Mechanisms of action of a carbohydrate-reduced, high-protein diet in reducing the risk of postprandial hypoglycemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kandel ◽  
Kirstine Nyvold Bojsen-Møller ◽  
Maria Saur Svane ◽  
Amirsalar Samkani ◽  
Arne Astrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Glucose Variability ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

ABSTRACT Background Postprandial hypoglycemia is a risk after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Objectives We speculated that a carbohydrate-reduced, high-protein (CRHP) diet might reduce the risk of hypoglycemia and therefore compared the acute effects of a conventionally recommended (CR) diet and CRHP diet [55/30 energy percent (E%) carbohydrate and 15/30 E% protein, respectively] in RYGB patients. Methods Ten individuals (2 males, 8 females, mean ± SD age 47 ± 7 y; stable body mass index 31 ± 6 kg/m2; 6 ± 3 y post-RYGB) with recurrent postprandial hypoglycemia documented by plasma glucose (PG) ≤3.4 mmol/L were examined on 2 d with isoenergetic CRHP or CR diets comprising a breakfast and subsequent lunch meal. Results Peak PG was significantly reduced on the CRHP diet after breakfast and lunch by 11% and 31% compared with the CR diet. Nadir PG increased significantly on CRHP (by 13% and 9%). Insulin secretion was reduced, and glucagon secretion increased on the CRHP diet after both meals. Glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion were lower after lunch but unaltered after breakfast on CRHP; β-cell function and insulin clearance were unchanged. Conclusions The CRHP diet lowered glucose excursions and reduced insulin secretion and incretin hormone responses, but enhanced glucagon responses compared with the CR diet. Taken together, the results may explain the decreased glucose variability and lower risk of postprandial hypoglycemia. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02665715.

Should we wait for metabolic complications before operating on obese patients? Gastric bypass outcomes in metabolically healthy obese individuals

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Pelascini ◽  
Emmanuel Disse ◽  
Arnaud Pasquer ◽  
Gilles Poncet ◽  
Christian Gouillat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

scholarly journals Dynamics of glucagon secretion in mice and rats revealed using a validated sandwich ELISA for small sample volumes

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (2) ◽  
pp. E302-E309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen ◽  
Rune E. Kuhre ◽  
Johanne A. Windeløv ◽  
Anne Ørgaard ◽  
Carolyn F. Deacon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Rats And Mice

Glucagon is a metabolically important hormone, but many aspects of its physiology remain obscure, because glucagon secretion is difficult to measure in mice and rats due to methodological inadequacies. Here, we introduce and validate a low-volume, enzyme-linked immunosorbent glucagon assay according to current analytical guidelines, including tests of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, and compare it, using the Bland-Altman algorithm and size-exclusion chromatography, with three other widely cited assays. After demonstrating adequate performance of the assay, we measured glucagon secretion in response to intravenous glucose and arginine in anesthetized mice (isoflurane) and rats (Hypnorm/midazolam). Glucose caused a long-lasting suppression to very low values (1–2 pmol/l) within 2 min in both species. Arginine stimulated secretion 8- to 10-fold in both species, peaking at 1–2 min and returning to basal levels at 6 min (mice) and 12 min (rats). d-Mannitol (osmotic control) was without effect. Ketamine/xylazine anesthesia in mice strongly attenuated ( P < 0.01) α-cell responses. Chromatography of pooled plasma samples confirmed the accuracy of the assay. In conclusion, dynamic analysis of glucagon secretion in rats and mice with the novel accurate sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed extremely rapid and short-lived responses to arginine and rapid and profound suppression by glucose.

scholarly journals Effects of Manipulating Circulating Bile Acid Concentrations on Postprandial GLP-1 Secretion and Glucose Metabolism After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Jonsson ◽  
Kirstine N. Bojsen-Møller ◽  
Viggo B. Kristiansen ◽  
Simon Veedfald ◽  
Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormones ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Gut Hormone

BackgroundAltered bile acid (BA) turnover has been suggested to be involved in the improved glucose regulation after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), possibly via stimulation of GLP-1 secretion. We investigated the role of exogenous as well as endogenous BAs for GLP-1 secretion after RYGB by administering chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and the BA sequestrant colesevelam (COL) both in the presence and the absence of a meal stimulus.MethodsTwo single-blinded randomized cross-over studies were performed. In study 1, eight RYGB operated participants ingested 200 ml water with 1) CDCA 1.25 g or 2) CDCA 1.25 g + colesevelam 3.75 g on separate days. In study 2, twelve RYGB participants ingested on separate days a mixed meal with addition of 1) CDCA 1.25 g, 2) COL 3.75 g or 3) COL 3.75 g × 2, or 4) no additions.ResultsIn study 1, oral intake of CDCA increased circulating BAs, GLP-1, C-peptide, glucagon, and neurotensin. Addition of colesevelam reduced all responses. In study 2, addition of CDCA enhanced meal-induced increases in plasma GLP-1, glucagon and FGF-19 and lowered plasma glucose and C-peptide concentrations, while adding colesevelam lowered circulating BAs but did not affect meal-induced changes in plasma glucose or measured gastrointestinal hormones.ConclusionIn RYGB-operated persons, exogenous CDCA enhanced meal-stimulated GLP-1 and glucagon secretion but not insulin secretion, while the BA sequestrant colesevelam decreased CDCA-stimulated GLP-1 secretion but did not affect meal-stimulated GLP-1, C-peptide or glucagon secretion, or glucose tolerance. These findings suggest a limited role for endogenous bile acids in the acute regulation of postprandial gut hormone secretion or glucose metabolism after RYGB.

scholarly journals PYY-Dependent Restoration of Impaired Insulin and Glucagon Secretion in Type 2 Diabetes following Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

Cell Reports ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 944-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reshma D. Ramracheya ◽  
Laura J. McCulloch ◽  
Anne Clark ◽  
David Wiggins ◽  
Helene Johannessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Insulin And Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Impaired Insulin

scholarly journals Effects of endogenous GLP-1 and GIP on glucose tolerance after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (7) ◽  
pp. E505-E514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Svane ◽  
Kirstine N. Bojsen-Møller ◽  
Signe Nielsen ◽  
Nils B. Jørgensen ◽  
Carsten Dirksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Concurrent Administration ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Exaggerated secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is important for postprandial glucose tolerance after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), whereas the role of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) remains to be resolved. We aimed to explore the relative importance of endogenously secreted GLP-1 and GIP on glucose tolerance and β-cell function after RYGB. We used DPP-4 inhibition to enhance concentrations of intact GIP and GLP-1 and the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin-(9–39) (Ex-9) for specific blockage of GLP-1 actions. Twelve glucose-tolerant patients were studied after RYGB in a randomized, placebo-controlled, 4-day crossover study with standard mixed-meal tests and concurrent administration of placebo, oral sitagliptin, Ex-9 infusion, or combined Ex-9-sitagliptin. GLP-1 receptor antagonism increased glucose excursions, clearly attenuated β-cell function, and aggravated postprandial hyperglucagonemia compared with placebo, whereas sitagliptin had no effect despite two- to threefold increased concentrations of intact GLP-1 and GIP. Similarly, sitagliptin did not affect glucose tolerance or β-cell function during GLP-1R blockage. This study confirms the importance of GLP-1 for glucose tolerance after RYGB via increased insulin and attenuated glucagon secretion in the postprandial state, whereas amplification of the GIP signal (or other DPP-4-sensitive glucose-lowering mechanisms) did not appear to contribute to the improved glucose tolerance seen after RYGB.

Modulation de l’absorption intestinale postprandiale du glucose après Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass chez le miniporc

2018 ◽  
Vol 202 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1883-1896
Author(s):  
Grégory Baud ◽  
Camille Marciniak ◽  
Vincent Vangelder ◽  
Mehdi Daoudi ◽  
Thomas Hubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass

Malabsorptive gastric bypass in patients with super obesity: A comparative study of roux limb length

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A75-A75
Author(s):  
R BROLIN ◽  
L LAMARCA ◽  
R CODY
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Limb Length ◽  
Roux Limb ◽  
Super Obesity

Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Rivals Open

Ob Gyn News ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Fran Lowry
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass

Teens Benefit From Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
JANE SALODOF MACNEIL
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document