A theoretical framework and nomenclature to characterize the iatrogenic contribution of therapeutic opioid exposure to opioid induced hyperalgesia, physical dependence, and opioid use disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-683
Author(s):  
Gillian A. Beauchamp ◽  
Lewis S. Nelson ◽  
Jeanmarie Perrone ◽  
Michael S. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Opioid Induced Hyperalgesia

scholarly journals Mice with High FGF21 Serum Levels Had a Reduced Preference for Morphine and an Attenuated Development of Acute Antinociceptive Tolerance and Physical Dependence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louben Dorval ◽  
Brian I. Knapp ◽  
Olufolake A. Majekodunmi ◽  
Sophia Eliseeva ◽  
Jean M Bidlack
Keyword(s):  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Chronic Morphine ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Antinociceptive Tolerance

As a result of the opioid epidemic, there is a desire to identify new targets for treating opioid use disorder. Previous studies showed that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) decreased alcohol and sweet preference in mice. In this study, FGF21-transgenic (FGF21-Tg) mice, expressing high FGF21 serum levels, and wildtype (WT) C57BL/6J littermates were treated with morphine and saline to determine if differences exist in their physiological and behavioral responses to opioids. FGF21-Tg mice displayed reduced preference for morphine in the conditioned place preference assay compared to WT littermates. Similarly, FGF21-Tg mice had an attenuation of the magnitude and rate of acute morphine antinociceptive tolerance development, and acute and chronic morphine physical dependence, but exhibited no change in chronic morphine antinociceptive tolerance. The ED50 values for morphine-induced antinociception in the 55-degree C hot plate and the 55-degree C warm-water tail withdrawal assays were similar in both strains of mice. Likewise, FGF21-Tg and WT littermates had comparable responses to morphine-induced respiratory depression. Overall, FGF21-Tg mice had an attenuated preference for morphine, a reduced development of morphine-induced dependence, and a reduction in the development of acute morphine antinociceptive tolerance. FGF21 and its receptor have therapeutic potential for reducing opioid withdrawal symptoms and craving, and augmenting opioid therapeutics for acute pain treatment.

scholarly journals Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder With Buprenorphine-Naloxone at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Maila ◽  
Anatolii Tsarkov ◽  
Petro Petlovanyi ◽  
Gaise Kweku ◽  
Evans Musonda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Opioid Use ◽  
Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Chronic Use

Opioid dependence is a disorder of the central nervous system that results from chronic use of opiates. Opioids cause intense feelings of euphoria, and this is what puts opiate users at risk of recreational use of these substances. There is a desire to increase the dose in order to enhance the effect of opioids, therefore addiction arises, which is a serious medical and social problem. The more opiates come from outside, the less natural opiates are produced, and more opiates are required to create a strong feeling of euphoria, which previously could be achieved with a lower dose. The consequence of a chronic opioid use is the drug tolerance, and abrupt cessation of use causes a serious condition of opioid withdrawal syndrome, indicating the presence of physical dependence. This article describes the experience and the case study of Medication Assisted Therapy (MAT) with buprenorphine and naloxone at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. 

L'esperienza clinica con Levometadone nel trattamento del disturbo da uso di oppiacei

MISSION ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Marco Riglietta ◽  
Paolo Donadoni ◽  
Grazia Carbone ◽  
Caterina Pisoni ◽  
Franca Colombi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Racemic Mixture ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
The Real ◽  
New Formulation

In Italy, at the end of the 1970s, methadone hydrochloride was introduced for the treatment of opioid use disorder, in the form of a racemic mixture consisting of levomethadone and dextromethadone.In 2015 Levometadone was introduced, a new formulation marketed in Italy for the treatment of opioid use disorder in 2015.The article aims to bring the experience of an Italian Addiction Centre back to the use of this new formulation in the "real life" analyzing the efficacy, the trend of adverse events and pharmacological iterations in a context in which the treated population often uses besides the opiates, cocaine and alcohol, are burdened by a relevant physical and psychic comorbidity and frequently have a prescribed polypharmacy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document