Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ayşe Balıkçı ◽  
Neslihan Parmak Yener ◽  
Meral Seferoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

scholarly journals Optical coherence tomography angiography indicates subclinical retinal disease in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852110288
Author(s):  
Lilian Aly ◽  
Eva-Maria Strauß ◽  
Nikolaus Feucht ◽  
Isabella Weiß ◽  
Achim Berthele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Visual Performance ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are neuroinflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. Patients suffer from recurring relapses and it is unclear whether relapse-independent disease activity occurs and whether this is of clinical relevance. Objective: To detect disease-specific alterations of the retinal vasculature that reflect disease activity during NMOSD. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 16 patients with NMOSD, 21 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, and 21 healthy controls using retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), measurement of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) serum levels, and assessment of visual acuity. Results: Patients with NMOSD but not multiple sclerosis revealed lower foveal thickness (FT) ( p = 0.02) measures and an increase of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) ( p = 0.02) compared to healthy controls independent to optic neuritis. Reduced FT ( p = 0.01), enlarged FAZ areas ( p = 0.0001), and vessel loss of the superficial vascular complex ( p = 0.01) were linked to higher serum GFAP levels and superficial vessel loss was associated with worse visual performance in patients with NMOSD irrespective of optic neuritis. Conclusion: Subclinical parafoveal retinal vessel loss might occur during NMOSD and might be linked to astrocyte damage and poor visual performance. OCT-A may be a tool to study subclinical disease activity during NMOSD.

scholarly journals Correlation of optic neuritis and retinal nerve fibre thickness using optical coherence tomography in a cohort of multiple sclerosis patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izanne Roos ◽  
Rajeshree Budhoo ◽  
Linda Visser ◽  
Ahmed I. Bhigjee
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Macular Volume ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a fast, non-invasive imaging technology that produces 3D, high-resolution images of the retina. Direct visualisation of the retina allows a unique opportunity to study the effects of multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated neurodegeneration on retinal ganglion cells as well as effects of retrobulbar demyelination on axonal and retinal architecture through measurement of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness and total macular volume (TMV). These findings are clinically important as axonal loss is irreversible and correlates with disability.Aim: To determine the role and usefulness of OCT in a local cohort of MS patients.Setting: Neurology Clinic, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: Nineteen patients with MS currently being treated with interferon β-1b underwent OCT examination of both eyes. RNFL thickness and macular volume were measured and correlated with clinical disease characteristics, history of optic neuritis and level of disability.Results: Mean RNFL thickness was 77.3 μm with no significant difference in mean RNFL in eyes with a history of optic neuritis (ON) and those without (p = 0.4). Eyes with a history of ON did, however, have significantly thinner RNFL compared with the contralateral eye (p = 0.04). Despite a strong correlation between TMV and RNFL (p = 0.001), a subset of patients with normal RNFL had TMV that was less than 1% of what was expected. There was no correlation between RNFL and disability scores.Conclusion: OCT enables a direct axonal ‘optical biopsy’, for monitoring disease progression and treatment response in MS. RNFL thinning occurs independently of a history of optic neuritis and may represent a chronic optic neuropathy in patients with MS.Keywords: Multiple sclerosis; optical coherence tomography

scholarly journals Macular vessel density differs in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: An optical coherence tomography angiography study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253417
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Rogaczewska ◽  
Sławomir Michalak ◽  
Marcin Stopa
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are inflammatory and demyelinating diseases that commonly manifest with optic neuritis (ON) but differ in the pathogenic mechanism. Although it was shown that retinal vessels might alter in MS and NMOSD, a comparative study has not been reported. This study evaluated the macular vessel density in 40 MS patients, 13 NMOSD patients, and 20 controls using optical coherence tomography angiography. The vessel density of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) was significantly lower in ON eyes (MS+ON, NMOSD+ON) than in non-ON eyes (MS-ON, NMOSD-ON) and controls. The density of deep capillary plexus (DCP) was significantly increased in MS+ON and MS-ON eyes compared to healthy eyes. In NMOSD+ON and NMOSD-ON, the DCP did not remarkably differ from the control group. A significant positive correlation was noted between SCP and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in MS+ON, MS-ON, and NMOSD+ON. The DCP did not significantly correlate with GCC thickness, but it increased or decreased with ganglion cell loss in MS and NMOSD, respectively. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the capillary changes in MS patients are secondary to ganglion cells’ atrophy, while vasculopathy seems to be a primary process in NMOSD patients.

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Neurodegenerative Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Pellegrini ◽  
Aldo Vagge ◽  
Lorenzo Ferro Desideri ◽  
Federico Bernabei ◽  
Giacinto Triolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Retinal Microcirculation

Retinal microcirculation shares similar features with cerebral small blood vessels. Thus, the retina may be considered an accessible ‘window’ to detect the microvascular damage occurring in the setting of neurodegenerative disorders. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a non-invasive imaging modality providing depth resolved images of blood flow in the retina, choroid, and optic nerve. In this review, we summarize the current literature on the application of OCT-A in glaucoma and central nervous system conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. Future directions aiming at evaluating whether OCT-A can be an additional biomarker for the early diagnosis and monitoring of neurodegenerative disorders are also discussed.

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