Nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiency of cassava genotypes with different starch bulking periods as affected by different planting dates

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-599
Author(s):  
A. Janket ◽  
S. Jogloy ◽  
N. Vorasoot ◽  
B. Toomsan ◽  
W. Kaewpradit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Quantitative Evaluation of Macro-Nutrient Uptake by Cassava in a Tropical Savanna Climate

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1199
Author(s):  
Anon Janket ◽  
Nimitr Vorasoot ◽  
Banyong Toomsan ◽  
Wanwipa Kaewpradit ◽  
Piyada Theerakulpisut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Cassava Production ◽  
And Storage

Matching fertilization with crop needs is important for maximizing yields and reducing fertilizer losses. Seasonal variation in nutrient uptake dynamics is poorly understood and thus, the ability to optimize fertilization strategies is limited. This study aims to investigate the effects of planting dates on macronutrient uptake dynamics in cassava genotypes with full irrigation. The performance of cassava genotypes, i.e., CMR38-125-77, Kasetsart 50 and Rayong 11, were evaluated in the early rainy (ERS) and post rainy seasons (PRS) for two years using a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The plants were harvested at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Planting dates had significant effects on the accumulation of dry matter and storage roots as well as nutrient uptakes and partitioning. On average, the total nutrient uptake per plant to produce 2831–3279 g of biomass with 1244–1810 g of storage roots in the ERS varied among cassava genotypes, ranging from 21.1–24.3 g N, 5.1–5.9 g P, 26.5–29.5 g K, 14.1–22.2 g Ca, 6.1–7.6 g Mg and 2.0–2.3 g S. The total nutrient uptake per plant to produce 3353–3824 g of biomass with 1604–2253 g of storage roots in the PRS ranged from 27.1–32.4 g N, 5.2–6.0 g P, 29.1–31.3 g K, 11.9–20.3 g Ca, 7.3–9.9 g Mg and 1.2–1.5 g S. In the ERS, the majority of the total nutrient uptake occurred at the early growth stages, whereas in the PRS, this occurred at the mid- to late growth stages. At final harvest, the percentages of nutrient removal by the storage roots for ERS were 24.7–36.0% N, 26.0–32.3% P, 43.4–51.5% K, 12.4–17.6% Ca, 22.2–31.5% Mg and 27.2–31.5% S, whereas in the PRS the percentages were 30.4–44.4% N, 33.3–41.6% P, 44.7–57.3% K, 12.0–15.1% Ca, 20.2–28.1% Mg and 12.0–25.4% S. CMR38-125-77 exhibited satisfactory performance in nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiency and storage roots yield across the planting dates. The evidence obtained from this study would greatly facilitate more efficient adoption of precision agriculture in cassava production by applying recommended fertilizers, e.g., rates, kinds and timings, according to crop demand in each growing season in Thailand and for choosing superior cassava genotypes.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Approaches of Nutrient Application on Yield, Nutrient Uptake, Nutrient use Efficiency and Economics of Carrot

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
N. Bhavya ◽  
P. K. Basavaraja ◽  
H. Mohamed Saqeebulla ◽  
G. V. Gangamrutha
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Absolute Control

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2017 at Devanahalli village, Bengaluru rural district of Karnataka to evaluate the effect of different approaches of nutrient application on yield,  nutrient uptake and use efficiency by carrot (Daucus carota L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design replicated thrice with eight treatments comprisingT1 (STCR target 20 tha-1  through inorganics), T2 (STCR target 20 tha-1  through integrated), T3 (STCR target 25 tha-1  through inorganics), T4 (STCR target 25 tha-1  through integrated), T5 (RDF (75: 63: 50) N, P2O5, K2O kg ha-1+ FYM), T6 (LMH /STL + FYM), T7 (Farmers practice (92.6:159:0) N, P2O5 kg ha-1 + FYM), T8 (Absolute control).Results revealed that significantly higher root (27.51 t ha-1)  and shoot (16.48 t ha-1) yield were recorded in STCR target of 25 t ha-1 through   integrated approach. Similarly, higher total uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium  (297.07 kg, 57.48 kg and 253.81 kg ha-1, respectively) by carrot and the higher apparent recovery   efficiency (0.35, 0.08 and 0.58 kg kg-1 of N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively) and agronomic nutrient use efficiency (26.10, 12.37 and 48.25 kg kg-1 of N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively) were recorded in the same STCR target of 25 t ha-1 through integrated approach. However, the better profit was recorded (value cost ratio: 43.30) in STCR target of 25 t ha-1 through inorganics. The STCR target of 25 t ha-1 through integrated approach had the most positive effect for the carrot cultivation.

scholarly journals Estimating Nutrient Uptake Requirements for Melon Based on the QUEFTS Model

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Meijuan Wen ◽  
Sicun Yang ◽  
Lin Huo ◽  
Ping He ◽  
Xinpeng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Use Efficiency

Imbalanced and excessive fertilizer application has resulted in low yields and reduced nutrient use efficiency for melon production in China. Estimating nutrient requirements is crucial for effectively developing site-specific fertilizer recommendations for increasing yield and profit while reducing negative environmental impacts. Relationships between the yield and nutrient uptake requirements of above-ground dry matter were assessed using 1127 on-farm observations (2000–2020) from melon production regions of China. The quantitative evaluation of fertility of tropical soils (QUEFTS) model was used to estimate nutrient requirements. It predicted a linear increase in yield at balanced nutrient uptake levels until the yield reached approximately 60–80% of the potential yield. In order to produce 1000 kg of fruit, 2.9, 0.4 and 3.2 kg/ha of N, P and K (7.2:1.0:7.8), respectively, were required for above-ground parts, while the corresponding nutrient internal efficiencies were 345.3, 2612.6 and 310.0 kg per kg N, P and K, respectively, whereas 1.4, 0.2 and 1.9 kg of N, P and K were required to replace nutrients removed after harvest. The corresponding fruit absorption rates were 47.0%, 59.5% and 58.2%, respectively. Field validation experiments confirmed the consistency between observed and simulated uptake rates, indicating that this model could estimate nutrient requirements. These findings will help develop fertilizer recommendations for improving melon yield and nutrient use efficiency.

scholarly journals Nutrient Uptake and Loss by Container-grown Deciduous and Evergreen Rhododendron Nursery Plants

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn F. Scagel ◽  
Guihong Bi ◽  
Leslie H. Fuchigami ◽  
Richard P. Regan
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Root Absorption ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Biomass Loss ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Management

The influence of nitrogen (N) fertilizer application on plant allocation, uptake, and demand for other essential nutrients was evaluated from May 2005 to Feb. 2006 in evergreen Rhododendron ‘P.J.M. Compact’ (PJM) and ‘English Roseum’ (ER) and deciduous Rhododendron ‘Gibraltar’ (AZ) grown in containers filled with soilless substrate. Net nutrient uptake and losses were calculated using piecewise regression and uptake efficiency, root absorption capacity, aboveground demand, nutrient use efficiency, and uptake ratios between N and other nutrients (N ratios) were calculated using net uptake between harvest dates. Nitrogen application increased uptake rate of all nutrients, enhanced late-season uptake of many nutrients, and increased the rate of nutrient loss during the winter. Nutrient uptake often occurred as late as November in plants grown with N but was usually undetectable after September in plants grown without additional N fertilizer. Nutrient losses during the winter were not always associated with biomass loss and were related to differences in preferential nutrient allocation to different structures and the plant's ability to export nutrients before biomass loss. Plants with a greater potential for rapid growth were more capable of later-season nutrient uptake than plants with slower growth rates. Nitrogen availability altered N ratios indicating that when adding N to container-grown Rhododendron, fertilizers with higher ratios of N/phosphorus (PJM, AZ), N/calcium (PJM, ER), N/boron (PJM AZ), N/copper (PJM, ER), and N/iron (PJM, ER) and lower ratios of N/potassium (PJM, ER, AZ), N/sodium (PJM, ER, AZ), N/calcium (AZ), N/boron (ER), N/manganese (AZ), and N/zinc (ER) may be needed to optimize growth and minimize nutrient inputs. Increasing N availability altered uptake efficiency, root absorption capacity, aboveground demand, and nutrient use efficiency for several nutrients, indicating that changes in N management practices need to consider how altering N application rates may influence the plant's ability to take up and use other nutrients. This information can be used to develop fertilizer formulations to minimize excess application of nutrients and to evaluate the potential effects of altering N management practices on use of production resources. Our results indicate that nutrient management strategies for perennial crops such as Rhododendron need to take into consideration not only the nutrient demand for current growth, but also how to optimize nutrient availability for uptake that contributes to future growth potential and end-product quality.

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