Effect of nitrogen form on trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) and sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) plants grown under saline conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Louloudia Koulympoudi ◽  
Anna Papafilippou ◽  
Maria Tzanoudaki ◽  
Christos Chatzissavvidis ◽  
Vasileios Salamalikis
Keyword(s):  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Nitrogen Form ◽  
Trifoliate Orange

scholarly journals Histological Comparison of Fibrous Root Infection of Disease-Tolerant and Susceptible Citrus Hosts by Phytophthora nicotianae and P. palmivora

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Widmer ◽  
J. H. Graham ◽  
D. J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Fibrous Root ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Fibrous Roots

Phytophthora nicotianae and P. palmivora infect and cause rot of fibrous roots of susceptible and tolerant citrus rootstocks in Florida orchards. The infection and colonization by the two Phytophthora spp. of a susceptible citrus host, sour orange (Citrus aurantium), and a tolerant host, trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata), were compared using light and electron microscopy. Penetration by both Phytophthora spp. occurred within 1 h after inoculation, regardless of the host species. No differences were observed in mode of penetration of the hypodermis or the hosts' response to infection. After 24 h, P. palmivora had a significantly higher colonization of cortical cells in susceptible sour orange than in tolerant trifoliate orange. Intracellular hyphae of both Phytophthora spp. were observed in the cortex of sour orange, and cortical cells adjacent to intercellular hyphae of P. palmivora were disrupted. In contrast, the cortical cells of sour orange and trifoliate orange adjacent to P. nicotianae hyphae and the cortical cells of trifoliate orange adjacent to P. palmivora were still intact. After 48 h, the cortical cells of both hosts adjacent to either Phytophthora spp. were disrupted. After 48 and 72 h, P. palmivora hyphae colonized the cortex of sour orange more extensively than the cortex of trifoliate orange; P. palmivora also colonized both hosts more extensively than P. nicotianae. A higher rate of electrolyte leakage among host-pathogen combinations reflected the combined effects of greater cell disruption by P. palmivora than by P. nicotianae, and the higher concentration of electrolytes in healthy roots of trifoliate orange than of sour orange. Although cellular responses unique to the tolerant host were not observed, reduced hyphal colonization by both pathogens in the cortex of trifoliate orange compared with sour orange is evidence for a putative resistance factor(s) in the trifoliate orange roots that inhibits the growth of Phytophthora spp.

scholarly journals Horticultural Evaluation of New Citrus latipes Hybrids as Rootstocks for Citrus

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Reforgiato Recupero ◽  
Giuseppe Russo ◽  
Santo Recupero ◽  
Roberto Zurru ◽  
Bruno Deidda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Volkamer Lemon ◽  
Washington Navel ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo

In 1968, the CRA-Research Center for Citriculture and Mediterranean Crops (CRA-ACM) started a research program aimed at breeding citrus rootstocks. The monoembryonic species C. latipes (Swing.) Tan. was used as the female parent; trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.], sour orange, and volkamer lemon (C. volkameriana Pasq.) were used as male parents. The behavior of some of these hybrids tested with other standard rootstocks in Sicily and Sardinia was evaluated. The cultivars under comparison included ‘Washington’ navel orange and ‘SRA 92’ clementine in Sardinia and ‘Tarocco’ orange in Sicily. Our results showed the dramatic influence of rootstock on plant growth and yield; only minor effects on fruit quality were observed. Among the standard rootstocks tested, Swingle citrumelo provided the highest yield. Some of the tested hybrids (F5 P12, F6 P12, and F6 P13) may improve plant yield, thus maintaining good fruit quality. Encouraging data obtained with these hybrids may justify the use of monoembryonic species of the Papeda subgenus for breeding citrus rootstocks.

Response of two citrus genotypes to six boron concentrations: concentration and distribution of nutrients, total absorption, and nutrient use efficiency

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. E. Papadakis ◽  
K. N. Dimassi ◽  
I. N. Therios
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

A greenhouse experiment was performed to study the effects of boron (B) on growth, nutrient concentration and distribution, nutrient use efficiency, and total nutrient absorption of 2 citrus genotypes. The experimental layout was a 6 × 2 factorial, with 6 B concentrations (0.05, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, and 5.00 mg/L) on 2 genotypes: the sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) and the Swingle citrumelo (C. paradisi Macf. × Poncirus trifoliata L.). The plants were grown for 3 months in a B-free sand : perlite (1 : 1) medium that was irrigated with 6 half-strength Hoagland's nutrient solutions. Increasing B supply in the nutrient solution increased the B concentration linearly in all parts of the plant in the following order: basal leaves > top leaves > bark > root > stems > wood. There was no consistent effect of B supply on the concentration of other fundamental elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe). Furthermore, none of the tested B concentrations significantly affected the total plant content and consequently the absorption of any other element. A concentration of 1.00 mg B/L or higher resulted in less B absorption by the Swingle citrumelo than by the sour orange. Furthermore, the Swingle citrumelo has the ability to retain more B in its stems and roots than the sour orange, thus preventing B transport to leaves. Finally, B and Mn use efficiency in both genotypes correlated significantly and negatively with the B supply.

Optimizing embryo age and media for enhancing hybrid seedling recovery in sour orange ( Citrus aurantium ) × Sacaton citrumelo ( C. paradisi  ×  Poncirus trifoliata ) crosses through embryo rescue

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Soni ◽  
Anil Kumar Dubey ◽  
Ankit Gupta ◽  
Radha Mohan Sharma ◽  
Om Prakash Awasthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Hybrid Seedling

scholarly journals Somatic Hybridization of Complementary Citrus Rootstock:Five New Hybrids

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 812-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jude W. Grosser ◽  
Frederick G. Gmitter ◽  
J.L. Chandler ◽  
Eliezer S. Louzada
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Hybrid ◽  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Sexual Hybrid ◽  
Cleopatra Mandarin

Protoplasm culture following polyethylene glycol-induced fusion resulted in the regeneration of tetraploid somatic hybrid plants from the following attempted parental combinations: Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) + Argentine trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.]; `Succari' sweet orange [C. sinensis (L.) Osb.] + Argentine trifoliate orange; sour orange (C. aurantium L.) + Flying Dragon trifoliate orange (P. trifolita); sour orange + Rangpur (C. limonia Osb.); and Milam lemon (purported sexual hybrid of C. jambhiri Lush × C. sinensis) + Sun Chu Sha mandarin (C. reticulate Blanco). Protoplasm isolation, fusion, and culture were conducted according to previously published methods. Regenerated plants were classified according to leaf morphology, chromosome number, and peroxidase, phosphoglucomutase, and phosphoglucose isomerase leaf isozyme profiles. All of the somatic hybrid plants were tetraploid, as expected (2n = 4x = 36), and all five selections have been propagated and entered into commercial citrus rootstock trials.

scholarly journals Bazı Turunçgil Anaçlarında Tuza Tolerans için In vitro Testleme

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1117-1121
Author(s):  
Mehmet Yaman ◽  
Hasan Pınar ◽  
Ubeyit Seday ◽  
Duygu Altınöz ◽  
Aydın Uzun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Rough Lemon ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Volkamer Lemon ◽  
Citrus Volkameriana ◽  
Cleopatra Mandarin

Just because of geographical spread, citrus species generally grow in places sensitive to salinity. Testing methods have a significant role in breeding and cultivar development programs. This study was conducted to investigate in vitro salt response of Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni Tan.), sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.), rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.), Volkamer lemon (Citrus volkameriana Tan & Pasq.), Carrizo citrange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf. X Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) and trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata Raf.) rootstocks at different NaCl concentrations. Seeds were germinated in MS medium with 0, 45, 90 and 135 mM NaCl concentrations. In general, the greatest germination rates in all salt concentrations in Volkamer lemon and sour orange rootstocks and the lowest values were observed in rough lemon and trifoliate orange rootstocks. Present findings revealed that in vitro conditions could reliably be used in salt tolerance tests of citrus rootstocks.

OXIDATIVE ENZYME RESPONSES OF SIX CITRUS ROOTSTOCKS INFECTED WITH PHOMA TRACHEIPHILA (PETRI) KANTSCHAVELI AND GIKASHVILI

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
AYDIN UZUN ◽  
UBEYIT SEDAY ◽  
ERCAN CANIHOS ◽  
OSMAN GULSEN
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Rough Lemon ◽  
Phoma Tracheiphila ◽  
Cleopatra Mandarin ◽  
Mal Secco

SUMMARYCitrus trees are often exposed to severe infectious diseases. Mal secco caused by Phoma tracheiphila (Petri) Kantschaveli and Gikashvili is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of lemons (Citrus limon Burm. F.). In the present study, antioxidant enzyme activity in different mal secco-resistant and susceptible citrus rootstocks including Cleopatra mandarin (C. reshni Tan.), sour orange (C. aurantium L.), rough lemon (C. jambhiri Lush.), Volkameriana (C. volkameriana Tan. and Pasq.), Carrizo citrange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf. X C. sinensis L. Osbeck) and trifoliate orange (P. trifoliata) was investigated. Possible differences in constitutive levels of these antioxidant enzymes and correlations between enzyme levels and mal secco caused by P. tracheiphila were examined. Among the rootstocks, Cleopatra mandarin was found to be resistant to mal secco, whereas rough lemon, sour orange and trifoliate orange were highly susceptible. Total peroxidase (TPX; EC: 1.11.1.7) activity increased in all infected rootstocks. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC: 1.11.1.11) activity increased in most of the rootstocks and no correlation was found between catalase (CAT; EC: 1.11.1.6) activity and mal secco resistance. This study indicates that overall TPX activity is upregulated and APX activity is up- and down-regulated depending on the type of rootstock in response to P. tracheiphila infection.

Elsinoe fawcettii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
Rain Splash ◽  
Satsuma Orange

Abstract A description is provided for Elsinoe fawcettii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Confined to a small number of genera and species within the Rutaceae (Winston et al., 1925), the degree and range of susceptibility within this group varying according to varietal, climatic, or geographical factors (Peltier & Frederich, 1924; Brun, 1971; 3, 210). Plants most frequently recorded as susceptible include sour orange, rough and sweet lemon, grapefruit, tangerine, mandarin (some varieties), king and satsuma orange, trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata), calamondin (Citrus mitts) and the pointed leaf papeda (C. hystrix). Kumquats (Fortunella spp.) and most varieties of sweet orange and lime are generally more resistant although instances of infection on these hosts are known (Brun, 1971; 37, 165) DISEASE: Sour orange scab (common citrus scab, lemon, grapefruit scab, etc. according to host). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in many citrus growing areas where suitable rainfall conditions occur (CMI Map 125, ed. 3, 1966). TRANSMISSION: Predominantly by short distance rain splash, also by wind (Yamada, 1961), mites or insects (9, 647; Brun, 1971). The fungus overwinters in old scab lesions (Winston, 1923).

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