An electromyographic investigation of the impact of task relevance on facial mimicry

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 918-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Cannon ◽  
Amy E. Hayes ◽  
Steven P. Tipper
Keyword(s):  
Task Relevance ◽  
Facial Mimicry ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Electromyographic Investigation

scholarly journals Choral singing and emotional communication in people with Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esztella Vezer
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
The Body ◽  
Motor Functioning ◽  
Facial Mimicry ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Vocal Quality ◽  
The Impact

A large part of successful interpersonal communication relies on both the production and interpretation of vocal and facial expressions. Both of these abilities appear to be impaired in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease affecting the muscles of the body. Based on positive effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation on overall motor functioning and the effects of intentional simulation of expression on facial mimicry, the present study investigated the impact of a choir program involving singing of happy and sad songs on a group of 12 PD patients. Participants were tested before and after program completion on measures of: (1) facial mimicry of a range of emotional expressions; (2) emotion perception, and; (3) vocal quality. It was found that choir participation improved some measures of vocal quality, while effects on facial mimicry and emotion perception were marginal.

Presentation Probability of Visual–Auditory Pairs Modulates Visually Induced Auditory Predictions

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1110-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria V. Stuckenberg ◽  
Erich Schröger ◽  
Andreas Widmann
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equal Probability ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Visual Cue ◽  
Task Relevance ◽  
The Impact

Predictions about forthcoming auditory events can be established on the basis of preceding visual information. Sounds being incongruent to predictive visual information have been found to elicit an enhanced negative ERP in the latency range of the auditory N1 compared with physically identical sounds being preceded by congruent visual information. This so-called incongruency response (IR) is interpreted as reduced prediction error for predicted sounds at a sensory level. The main purpose of this study was to examine the impact of probability manipulations on the IR. We manipulated the probability with which particular congruent visual–auditory pairs were presented (83/17 vs. 50/50 condition). This manipulation led to two conditions with different strengths of the association of visual with auditory information. A visual cue was presented either above or below a fixation cross and was followed by either a high- or low-pitched sound. In 90% of trials, the visual cue correctly predicted the subsequent sound. In one condition, one of the sounds was presented more frequently (83% of trials), whereas in the other condition both sounds were presented with equal probability (50% of trials). Therefore, in the 83/17 condition, one congruent combination of visual cue and corresponding sound was presented more frequently than the other combinations presumably leading to a stronger visual–auditory association. A significant IR for unpredicted compared with predicted but otherwise identical sounds was observed only in the 83/17 condition, but not in the 50/50 condition, where both congruent visual cue–sound combinations were presented with equal probability. We also tested whether the processing of the prediction violation is dependent on the task relevance of the visual information. Therefore, we contrasted a visual–auditory matching task with a pitch discrimination task. It turned out that the task only had an impact on the behavioral performance but not on the prediction error signals. Results suggest that the generation of visual-to-auditory sensory predictions is facilitated by a strong association between the visual cue and the predicted sound (83/17 condition) but is not influenced by the task relevance of the visual information.

scholarly journals Emotion Recognition in adults with ASD and Alexithymia: the impact of a Novel Mimicry Task for Therapeutic Benefit Study Protocol (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua A Caine ◽  
Britt Klein ◽  
Stephen L Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Expression Recognition ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Task Condition ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Facial Mimicry ◽  
Adults With Asd ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Impaired facial emotion expression recognition (FEER) has typically been considered a correlate of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Now, the alexithymia hypothesis is suggesting that this emotion processing problem is instead related to alexithymia, which frequently co-occurs with ASD. By combining predictive coding theories of ASD, and simulation theories of emotion recognition, it is suggested that facial mimicry may improve the training of FEER in ASD and alexithymia. OBJECTIVE The current study will evaluate a novel mimicry task to improve FEER in adults with, and without ASD and alexithymia. Additionally, this study will aim to determine the contributions of alexithymia, and ASD to FEER ability and assess which of these two populations benefit from this training task. METHODS Recruitment will primarily take place through an ASD community group with emphasis put on snowball recruiting. Included will be N=64 consenting adults, equally divided between participants without an ASD, and participants with an ASD. Participants will be screened online using the K-10 (cut off score of 22), ASQ-10 and TAS-20 followed by a clinical interview with a provisional psychologist at the Federation University psychology clinic. The clinical interview will include assessment of ability, anxiety and depression as well as discussion of past ASD diagnosis and confirmatory administration of the Autism Mental Status Exam (AMSE). Following the clinical interview, the participant will complete the Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire (BVAQ), and then undertake a baseline assessment of FEER. Consenting participants will then be assigned using a permuted blocked randomisation method into either the control task condition or the mimicry task condition. A brief measure of satisfaction of the task and a debriefing session will conclude the study. RESULTS The study has Federation University Human Research Ethics Committee approval and participant recruitment is predicted to begin in quarter one of 2021. CONCLUSIONS This study will be the first to evaluate the use of a novel facial mimicry task condition to increase FEER in adults with ASD and alexithymia. If efficacious, this task could prove useful as a cost-effective adjunct intervention which could be used at home and thus remove barriers to entry. This study will also explore the unique effectiveness of this task in people without an ASD, with an ASD and with alexithymia. CLINICALTRIAL The study is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials (ACTRN: ACTRN12619000705189).

scholarly journals Interoception is associated with the impact of eye contact on spontaneous facial mimicry

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Imafuku ◽  
Hirokata Fukushima ◽  
Yuko Nakamura ◽  
Masako Myowa ◽  
Shinsuke Koike
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Female Participant ◽  
Facial Mimicry ◽  
Direct Gaze ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Interoceptive Accuracy ◽  
The Impact

AbstractInteroception (perception of one’s own physiological state) has been suggested to underpin social cognition, although the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. The current study aimed to elucidate the relationship between interoception and two factors underlying social cognition: self-other boundary and sensitivity to social cues. We measured performance in a heartbeat perception task as an index of interoceptive accuracy (IAc), the frequency of spontaneous facial mimicry (SFM) as an index of self-other boundary, and the degree of the effect of eye contact on SFM (difference in SFM between conditions in which models’ eyes were directed to and averted from participants) as an index of social-cue sensitivity, and tested correlations among these measures. The results revealed that IAc and SFM were positively correlated only in the direct gaze condition. The extent of the effect of eye contact on SFM (difference in frequency between direct vs. averted conditions) was positively correlated with IAc. These overall findings were also observed in separate analyses of male and female participant groups, supporting the robustness of the findings. The results suggest that interoception is related to sensitivity to social cues, and may also be related to the self-other boundary with modulation by social context.

scholarly journals The impact of task relevance and degree of distraction on stimulus processing

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie C Biehl ◽  
Ann-Christine Ehlis ◽  
Laura D Müller ◽  
Andrea Niklaus ◽  
Paul Pauli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Processing ◽  
Task Relevance ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Choral singing and emotional communication in people with Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esztella Vezer
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
The Body ◽  
Motor Functioning ◽  
Facial Mimicry ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Vocal Quality ◽  
The Impact

A large part of successful interpersonal communication relies on both the production and interpretation of vocal and facial expressions. Both of these abilities appear to be impaired in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease affecting the muscles of the body. Based on positive effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation on overall motor functioning and the effects of intentional simulation of expression on facial mimicry, the present study investigated the impact of a choir program involving singing of happy and sad songs on a group of 12 PD patients. Participants were tested before and after program completion on measures of: (1) facial mimicry of a range of emotional expressions; (2) emotion perception, and; (3) vocal quality. It was found that choir participation improved some measures of vocal quality, while effects on facial mimicry and emotion perception were marginal.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Geosciences Applied to Lunar Exploration

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 169-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Apply Geophysics ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Impact

The term geo-sciences has been used here to include the disciplines geology, geophysics and geochemistry. However, in order to apply geophysics and geochemistry effectively one must begin with a geological model. Therefore, the science of geology should be used as the basis for lunar exploration. From an astronomical point of view, a lunar terrain heavily impacted with meteors appears the more reasonable; although from a geological standpoint, volcanism seems the more probable mechanism. A surface liberally marked with volcanic features has been advocated by such geologists as Bülow, Dana, Suess, von Wolff, Shaler, Spurr, and Kuno. In this paper, both the impact and volcanic hypotheses are considered in the application of the geo-sciences to manned lunar exploration. However, more emphasis is placed on the volcanic, or more correctly the defluidization, hypothesis to account for lunar surface features.

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