Disparities in the Global Burden of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: An Analysis of Trends from 1990 to 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Decai Wang ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Miao He ◽  
Jane Scheetz ◽  
Wei Wang
2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212092725
Author(s):  
Xiling Lin ◽  
Lixia Lou ◽  
Qi Miao ◽  
Yijie Wang ◽  
Kai Jin ◽  
...  

Purpose: To explore the trend patterns and gender disparity in global burden of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by year, age, and socioeconomic status using disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2017. Methods: DALYs and impairment data caused by AMD were extracted from GBD Study 2017. World Bank income level (WBIL) and human development index (HDI) in 2017 were cited as indicators of socioeconomic status. The Gini coefficients and the concentration indexes were calculated to unveil trends in between-country inequality. The association between gender inequality and socioeconomic levels was analyzed by Pearson correlation. Results: Total age-standardized DALYs of AMD showed a slightly descending pattern in recent years. However, gender disparity has existed since 1990 for almost three decades, with female being more heavily impacted. This pattern became more obvious with aging and varied among different WHO and WBIL regions. Meanwhile, female subjects tended to have higher vision impairments. Gini coefficients of AMD burden increased from 0.423 to 0.448, while the ones of female-to-male ratio fluctuated around 0.11 between 1990 and 2017, with concentration indexes changing from 0.024 to −0.057 and 0.046 to 0.029 respectively. Female-minus-male difference ( r = 0.1721, p = 0.0195) and female-to-male ratio ( r = 0.2072, p = 0.0048) of age-standardized DALYs rates were positively related to HDI. Conclusions: Though global AMD health care is progressing, gender imbalance in disease burden of AMD distribution barely improved. Gender sensitive health policy should be emphasized for the increasing elder population and relieving the higher AMD burden of females.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Jiayue Zhou ◽  
Xiajing Tang ◽  
Xiaoning Yu ◽  
Xingchao Shentu

Abstract Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the third leading cause of blindness and affects approximately 196 million people. This study aims to explore the association of sex with the global burden of AMD by year, age, and socioeconomic status using disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs).Methods: Global, national sex-specific DALY numbers, crude DALY rates, and age-standardized DALY rates caused by AMD, by year and age, were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The human development index (HDI) in 2017 was extracted as an indicator of national socioeconomic status from the Human Development Report 2018 (HDR 2018). Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate the association between socioeconomic status and sex inequality of AMD.Results: Differences in the sex-specific global burden of AMD have persisted since 1990 to 2017. Female individuals had higher burden than male individuals of the same age in 2017, and the differences gradually increased after 55 years and maximized at 80 years or older with 105.41 DALYs rates in female vs 81.00 DALYs rates in male. The paired Wilcoxon signed rank test indicated that female had higher age-standardized DALY rates than male had (Z = -6.520, P < 0.001) and countries with lower HDI values had higher age-standardized DALY rates among both sexes. DALY rate ratio and sex differences in age-standardized DALY rates were positively associated with HDI in both Pearson correlation analyses and linear regression analyses of AMD. (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Although global blindness and vision impairment health care is progressing, sex inequality in AMD burden remained persistent since the past few decades. These findings might raise more public attention to the gender differences in global AMD burden and the association between the sex-related global burden and socioeconomic status.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiayan Xu ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Xiaoning Yu ◽  
Yelei Tang ◽  
Xiajing Tang ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Neil M. Schultz ◽  
Shweta Bhardwaj ◽  
Claudia Barclay ◽  
Luis Gaspar ◽  
Jason Schwartz

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Körner-Stiefbold

Die altersbedingte Makuladegeneration (AMD) ist eine der häufigsten Ursachen für einen irreversiblen Visusverlust bei Patienten über 65 Jahre. Nahezu 30% der über 75-Jährigen sind von einer AMD betroffen. Trotz neuer Erkenntnisse in der Grundlagenforschung ist die Ätiologie, zu der auch genetische Faktoren gehören, noch nicht völlig geklärt. Aus diesem Grund sind die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt noch limitiert, so dass man lediglich von Therapieansätzen sprechen kann. Die derzeit zur Verfügung stehenden Möglichkeiten wie medikamentöse, chirurgische und laser- und strahlentherapeutische Maßnahmen werden beschrieben.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah Stevens ◽  
Richard Cooke ◽  
Hannah Bartlett

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