Sorption of methabenzthiazuron (tribunil) on soil particle‐size separates, based on their organic carbon content

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroja Raman
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Particle ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Particle Size

Sources of organic matter in first flush runoff from urban roadways

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1234-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wada ◽  
N. Takei ◽  
T. Sato ◽  
H. Tsuno
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
First Flush ◽  
The Road ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration

This study aims to explore the influential sources of organic matter in first flush runoff from urban roadways by comparing organic carbon content and particle size distribution in road dust with those from discharge from vehicles during rainfall. Samples on first flush runoff and road dust were collected from urban roadways. In addition, vehicle drainage was assumed to flow from vehicles during rainfall events, so vehicle wash-off water was collected by spraying water onto the top and from the underside of vehicles to simulate accumulation during a vehicle run. In road dust, the organic carbon content in the <0.2 mm fraction was about twice that of the 0.2–2 mm fraction. The particle size distributions of both first flush runoff and vehicle wash-off water were similar, and particles <0.2 mm contributed to over 95% of the total volume. The dissolved organic carbon concentration in the vehicle wash-off water was considerably higher than that in the road dust/water mixture. The total organic carbon content in road dust was positively correlated with annual daily traffic. Therefore, vehicles were thought to strongly influence the nature of road dust.

scholarly journals Investigations into Soil Composition and Texture Using Infrared Spectroscopy (2–14 μm)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Hewson ◽  
Thomas J. Cudahy ◽  
Malcolm Jones ◽  
Matilda Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Spectral Index ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Spectral Indices

The ability of thermal and shortwave infrared spectroscopy to characterise composition and texture was evaluated using both particle size separated soil samples and natural soils. Particle size analysis and separation into clay, silt, and sand-sized soil fractions was undertaken to examine possible relationships between quartz and clay mineral spectral signatures and soil texture. Spectral indices, based on thermal infrared specular and volume scattering features, were found to discriminate clay mineral-rich soil from mostly coarser quartz-rich sandy soil and to a lesser extent from the silty quartz-rich soil. Further investigations were undertaken using spectra and information on 51 USDA and other soils within the ASTER spectral library to test the application of shortwave, mid- and thermal infrared spectral indices for the derivation of clay mineral, quartz, and organic carbon content. A nonlinear correlation between quartz content and a TIR spectral index based on the 8.62 μm was observed. Preliminary efforts at deriving a spectral index for the soil organic carbon content, based on 3.4–3.5 μm fundamental H–C stretching vibration bands, were also undertaken with limited results.

scholarly journals First 12 years of tardigrade succession in the young soils of a quickly evolving ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 887-899
Author(s):  
Jana Bingemer ◽  
Martin Pfeiffer ◽  
Karin Hohberg
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Soil Particle ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Particle Size ◽  
Soil Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Open Cast

Abstract Open-cast coal-mining creates a severe disturbance of ecological systems, resulting in post-mining areas that have lost their soils entirely and are exposed to extreme conditions. Nonetheless, these areas allow us to investigate the process of primary succession. We studied the first 12 years of soil tardigrade succession at ‘Chicken Creek’, an experimental site within the open-cast coal-mining area in Welzow Süd, Germany. A total of ten tardigrade genera and 13 species or species groups were identified at the site. Over time, the organic carbon content, proportion of silt and nutrient availability in the soil increased, and the soil particle size distribution and pH value changed significantly. The vegetation cover and nematode abundance increased, whereas tardigrade densities peaked in 2008 and decreased thereafter, as did their mean body size. Species replacement was obvious within this 12 year study period, and tardigrade species diversity increased, indicating that ecological niche diversity also increased throughout this time. Vegetation cover, soil particle size distribution and time were the most important factors influencing the tardigrade community. We also discuss further potential factors and the ability of terrestrial tardigrades to persist despite many environmental constraints, such as fluctuations in pH and moisture, and to colonize new habitats faster than most other animal groups.

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