scholarly journals HERD SIZE AND EFFICIENCY ON MIXED CROP AND LIVESTOCK FARMS: CASE STUDIES OF CHIWESHE AND GOKWE, ZIMBABWE

Agrekon ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-80
Author(s):  
M. Muchena ◽  
J. Piesse ◽  
C. Thirtle ◽  
R. F. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Livestock Farms

scholarly journals Is the increase of scale in the tropics a pathway to smallholders? Dimension and ecological zone effect on the mixed crop-livestock farms

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e0109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Rangel ◽  
José A. Espinosa ◽  
Carmen De Pablos-Heredero ◽  
José Rivas ◽  
José Perea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Livestock Farms ◽  
Native Pastures

Mixed crop-livestock farms are widely spread in different tropical regions in the world; they contribute to food security, rural development, sustainability and poverty alleviation. The effect of scale on performance of dual purpose (DP) cattle farms was evaluated in two Mexican ecological zones: dry (DT) and wet tropics (WT). In 2011, a questionnaire of 184 items distributed into technical and social characteristics was applied to a representative sample of 3,285 farms with 50 or less cows (0.97%). The farms were classified into three groups according to their dimension: very small (1-9 cows), small (10-19 cows) and medium (20-50 cows). A general linear model (GLM) with two factors and their interactions was applied. Significant effects in dimension and ecological zone were found as well as seven interactions between both factors (p<0.05). Native pastures were used in all farms for grazing. However, small farms’ herds frequently grazed on cultivated pastures and on crop residues (p<0.05). Medium farms showed the highest grazing surface, but in the WT silage and green fodder were used while in the DT dry fodders were used (p<0.001). The interactions between factors showed a bigger specialization in milk production in DT farms, whereas WT farms were more specialized in meat production. The mixed crop-livestock system in tropic region requires an increase in herd size according to farm’s own productive structure, which is strongly influenced by the ecological zone. The systems would improve with the active participation of smallholders to identify and achieve best practices, higher technological adoption level and with an effective support from public and private Institutions.

scholarly journals Nitrogen allocation and recycling in peri-urban mixed crop–livestock farms in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Tulu Tadesse ◽  
Oene Oenema ◽  
Christy van Beek ◽  
Fikre Lemessa Ocho
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Allocation ◽  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Livestock Farms

Modelling mixed crop-livestock farms for supporting farmers’ strategic reflections: The CLIFS approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 106570
Author(s):  
P.-Y. Le Gal ◽  
N. Andrieu ◽  
G. Bruelle ◽  
P. Dugué ◽  
C. Monteil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Livestock Farms

scholarly journals Economic, Environmental, and Animal Welfare Performance on Livestock Farms: Conceptual Model and Application to Some Case Studies in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Galioto ◽  
Chiara Paffarini ◽  
Massimo Chiorri ◽  
Biancamaria Torquati ◽  
Lucio Cecchini
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Livestock Farms

Whole farm simulation analysis of economic impacts of East Coast Fever immunication strategies on mixed crop-livestock farms in Kenya

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hezron O. Nyangito ◽  
James W. Richardson ◽  
Adrian W. Mukhebi ◽  
Peter Zimmel ◽  
Jerry Namken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
East Coast Fever ◽  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Livestock Farms

scholarly journals Assessment of Welfare Problems in Finnish Cattle and Pig Farms Based on Official Inspection Reports

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Väärikkälä ◽  
Laura Hänninen ◽  
Mari Nevas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
European Union ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Livestock Farms ◽  
Underlying Risk

The competent authorities of the Member States of the European Union are required to perform animal welfare inspections on livestock farms. The data obtained from these official inspections performed in Finnish cattle and pig farms in 2010–2015 were used with the aim of estimating the prevalence of the most common non-compliances and identifying underlying risk factors. The prevalence of non-compliant cattle and pig farms was 24.2% and 27.9%, respectively. In cattle, the most common problem was an inadequate lying area followed by deficient housing conditions for calves; in pigs, it was a lack of enrichment material. The non-compliances concerning cattle were most frequently detected in autumn and in farms with small herd size, with tie-stall housing and outdoor rearing year-round. The pig farms with a farrow-to-finish unit had a higher prevalence of non-compliances than other production types. The prevalence of the non-compliant farms differed notably between the regions. It can be concluded that the cattle welfare inspections should be performed with a focus on the cold and rainy seasons and at small farms, whereas the pig welfare inspections should mainly focus on farrow-to-finish units. The data received from official inspections should be efficiently utilized in the development of animal welfare inspection system, with the aim of risk-based, consistent and uniform inspections. In addition, the data should be utilized in targeting information for farmers.

scholarly journals Micro-livestock in smallholder farming systems: the role, challenges and opportunities for cavies in South Kivu, eastern DR Congo

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1167-1177
Author(s):  
Charlotte J. Klapwijk ◽  
Marc Schut ◽  
Piet J. A. van Asten ◽  
Bernard Vanlauwe ◽  
Ken E. Giller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Dr Congo ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
South Kivu ◽  
Sub Saharan

AbstractLivestock play multiple roles for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. Mixed crop-livestock systems are common in South Kivu, eastern DR Congo, but herd sizes are small and numbers of large livestock (i.e. cattle) have declined, due to high population density, recent conflicts and extreme poverty. Over half of the farmers keep cavies, a type of micro-livestock fitting the circumstances of smallholders and a valuable asset especially for the poorest households. To characterize cavy husbandry practices, detailed monthly on-farm data on cavy numbers, weights, herd dynamics and feeding practices were collected over 15 months and from households in two contrasting sites in South Kivu. Cavy herds contained on average 10 animals and strongly varied in size over time and between households. The main reasons for keeping cavies were meat consumption, especially for children, and the opportunity to generate petty cash. A large difference was observed in adult cavy live weights between the sites (an average of 0.6 and 1.0 kg per animal in Kabamba and Lurhala, respectively) and attributed to differences in cavy husbandry and genetics. In both sites, quantities of fresh fodder on offer were larger than fodder demand by 50–100%, but no correlation was found between amount of fodder on offer and cavy weight. Farmers faced several constraints to cavy production, including substantial declines in cavy herd size due to predation or theft and a lack of knowledge regarding breeding and feeding. Hence, the introduction of cages to limit mortality and fodder cultivation to improve feed quality were opportunities for improving cavy production. Overall, micro-livestock present a promising entry-point for development initiatives, also outside DR Congo, because of their potential to decrease poverty and improve human nutrition.

scholarly journals Integrating diverse forage sources reduces feed gaps on mixed crop-livestock farms

animal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1967-1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.W. Bell ◽  
A.D. Moore ◽  
D.T. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Livestock Farms
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