Electrophysiological and behavioural analyses on prey searching in the myrmecophagous carabid beetleSiagona europaeaDejean 1826 (Coleoptera Carabidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Talarico ◽  
P. G. Giulianini ◽  
P. Brandmayr ◽  
A. Giglio ◽  
C. Masala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prey Searching

scholarly journals Uji Pemangsaan dan Tanggap Fungsional Predator Chysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Crysopidae) Terhadap Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
I WAYAN DIRGAYANA ◽  
I WAYAN SUPARTHA ◽  
I NYOMAN WIJAYA
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Phenacoccus Manihoti ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Predatory Capacity ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Prey Searching

Predation and Functional Response Test of Predator Chysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Crysopidae) Against Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). This study aims to evaluate the predatory capacity of C. carnea by measuring the rate of searching capacity and handling-time of one prey and its functional response to the population density of P. manihoti. The research was conducted at the Integrated Pest Management Laboratory (IPMLab), Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University. The study was conducted from February to May 2019. Testing of functional responses used a randomized block design with 5 treatments (3, 6, 9, 12, 15 nymphs-3) each of which was repeated 10 times. The results showed that the prey searching-capacity when the population was low (3 nymphs-3) took longer (10.37 minutes), while when the population was high it took a short time (6.23 minutes). The length of time for handling one prey in the low population was 6.08 minutes, while in the high population it was 5.48 minutes. Predator C. carnea has a tpe-2 functional response to an increase in the population of P. manihoti nymphs with the equation Y = 4.32x / 1 + 1.973x (R2 = 0.980). The rate of predation increases sharply when the population of low increases, and decreases when the increase of prey population increases. C. carnea has the potential to be developed as a control agent for P. manihoti.

scholarly journals Innate and Learned Prey-Searching Behavior in a Generalist Predator

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnès Ardanuy ◽  
Ramon Albajes ◽  
Ted C. J. Turlings
Keyword(s):  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Searching Behavior ◽  
Prey Searching

Ontogenetic approach reveals how cognitive capability and motivation shape prey-searching behavior inPholcus phalangioidescellar spiders

Ethology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (9) ◽  
pp. 657-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T. Kilmer ◽  
Zachary S. Havens ◽  
Rafael L. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Searching Behavior ◽  
Cognitive Capability ◽  
Prey Searching

scholarly journals Mechanisms and fluid dynamics of foraging in heterotrophic nanoflagellates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sei Suzuki ◽  
Anders Andersen ◽  
Thomas Kiørboe
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Ingestion Rates ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Prey Handling ◽  
Resistive Force Theory ◽  
Prey Searching

ABSTRACTHeterotrophic nanoflagellates are the main consumers of bacteria and picophytoplankton in the ocean. In their micro-scale world, viscosity impedes predator-prey contact, and the mechanisms that allow flagellates to daily clear a volume of water for prey corresponding to 106 times their own volume is unclear. It is also unclear what limits observed maximum ingestion rates of about 104 bacterial prey per day. We used high-speed video-microscopy to describe feeding flows, flagellum kinematics, and prey searching, capture, and handling in four species with different foraging strategies. In three species, prey-handling times limit ingestion rates and account well for their reported maximum values. Similarly, observed feeding flows match reported clearance rates. Simple point-force models allowed us to estimate the forces required to generate the feeding flows, between 4-13 pN, and consistent with the force produced by the hairy (hispid) flagellum, as estimated using resistive force theory. Hispid flagella can produce a force that is much higher than the force produced by a naked flagellum with similar kinematics, and the hairy flagellum is therefore key to foraging in most nanoflagellates. Our findings provide a mechanistic underpinning of observed functional responses of prey ingestion rates in nanoflagellates.

scholarly journals Quantification of the abundance and diversity of predatory spiders in rice ecosystem of Rajendranagar, Telangana, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1010-1014
Author(s):  
G. Anitha ◽  
J. Vijay
Keyword(s):  
Biological Process ◽  
T Test ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Crop Pests ◽  
Guild Composition ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Searching Ability ◽  
Rice Ecosystem ◽  
Prey Searching

The effective prey searching ability and polyphagy of spiders makes them important predators of crop pests. 19 species of spiders have been recorded in rice ecosystem (Rajeswaran et al., 2005). There is now a growing need to conserve all species and not only the large vertebrates (Samways, 1990) and contribute to the natural biological process. However, literature pertaining to their abundance and diversity in rice crop in Rajendranagar area is scant. Hence, the p resent study was conducted to understand their abundance and diversity. Spider samples were collected from rice fields of Rajendranagar in kharif and rabi seasons of 2011-12 and 2012-13. A total of 2,094 individuals collected in kharif represented eight families with a density of 12.48/sq.m. Members of Tetragnathidae were recorded most abundantly in kharif (46.32% of the Arachnid population) followed by Lycosids (26.22%). In rabi 1,095 spiders of seven families were collected with a density of 6.38/sq.m. Tetragnathidae andLycosidae were the most abundantly found species in rabi also comprising 27.85% and 26.12% of Arachnid population respectively. Study of guild composition was also carried out. A t-test between indices of richness, diversity, effective no.of species and species evenness of kharif and rabi seasons revealed that there were no significant differences with respect to these parameters (p>0.05) indicating that spider diversity of rice in Rajendranagar was more or less same between kharif and rabi seasons. This is the first study on the spider diversity of rice ecosystem of Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India.

scholarly journals European earwig as a potential biological control agent of apple leafcurling midge

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.Z. He ◽  
Q. Wang ◽  
J. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Forficula Auricularia ◽  
Important Predator ◽  
Prey Searching ◽  
European Earwig ◽  
Dasineura Mali

The European earwig Forficula auricularia L is an important predator of aphids and scales in New Zealand apple orchards To determine whether European earwig acted as a biological control agent of apple leafcurling midge (ALCM) Dasineura mali Kieffer their prey searching and feeding activity was investigated in the field and laboratory In the field in January earwigs started to leave their shelters at about 920 pm to search for ALCM larvae and returned to the shelters before 535 am with a searching peak on apple shoots infested by ALCM larvae between 1030 pm and 130 am Significantly more ALCM infested shoots and leaves were bitten by earwigs on trees where shelters trapped earwigs than on those where shelters did not trap any earwigs In the laboratory earwigs mainly fed in the first 2 hours after lightoff and each adult consumed an average of 6770 318 mature ALCM larvae during the scotophase (8 h) Heavier earwigs consumed significantly more ALCM larvae than light ones

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