scholarly journals Patents and public health in France. Pharmaceutical patent law in‐the‐making at the patent office between the two world wars

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Cassier
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Patent Office ◽  
Pharmaceutical Patent

Mutagenesis, ‘essentially biological processes’ and patent exceptions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-242
Author(s):  
Muriel Lightbourne
Keyword(s):  
Patent Law ◽  
European Patent ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Patent Office ◽  
European Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Living Material ◽  
Council Of State

Recent developments in the field of European law, in relation to subject-matter consisting of living material, raise a string of basic issues as to the legal qualification of certain techniques used in agriculture and medicine, such as CRISPR-Cas9, and regarding their appraisal under European patent law. The present article reviews a series of decisions, including the decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union in case C-528/16, the decision issued on 7 February 2020 by the French Council of State and the Opinion of the European Patent Office Enlarged Board of Appeal of 14 May 2020 on Referral G 3/19.

scholarly journals Discrimination against Foreigners: The Wuerttemberg Patent Law in Administrative Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1071-1100
Author(s):  
Sibylle Lehmann-Hasemeyer ◽  
Jochen Streb
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Patent Office ◽  
German State ◽  
Administrative Practice

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the patent office of the German state Wuerttemberg strategically discriminated against foreign inventors by charging comparatively high patent fees. We show that this administrative practice was driven by fiscal and protectionist motives.

Um estudo comparativo da determinação de requisitos de etapas inventivas no Irã e nos EUA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-275
Author(s):  
Esmaeel Kamali
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Patent Office ◽  
United States Patent ◽  
Inventive Step ◽  
Science And Technology Parks ◽  
Technology Parks ◽  
States Patent

Assessment of the Inventive Step Requirement is one of the most sensitive and difficult stages in statutory invention registration. Different requirements are taken into consideration in determining if this requirement is satisfied. Such requirements are divided to two categories – primary and secondary− per the Patent Law practiced by United States Patent and Trademark Office. The studies show that the mentioned assessments are easier in US compared to European countries for in those countries the precision and solidarity in practicing the inventive step requirement is more compared to US. In Iran, contrary to the mentioned cases, the assessment is not done in the Patent Office by the experts but rather by the verification the office conducts from the Universities and Science and Technology Parks of the country wherein, due to lack of knowledge about the Patent Law, the assessment is not done precisely; an issue which can accentuate the outlook appertaining to oneness of innovation and inventive step in the process of assessment. The present paper attempts at studying the patent law in Iran and US in order to put forward the criteria which is practices in assessing the ‘inventive step’ in the Iran Intellectual Property Office (Patent Subdivision) and United States Patent and Trademark Office.

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