Abstract
Background: Traditionally, the role of pharmacists has been to manage and monitor pharmacotherapy for patients with dementia. However, additional intervention by community pharmacists to collect and share patient information with other professionals may help reduce the care burden among caregivers. This study examined the impact of interventions by a community pharmacist, based on active information gathering from other professionals for people with dementia, on the caregivers’ burden of care.Methods: This was a randomised, open-label, parallel-group feasibility study, involving eight Nara City pharmaceutical association member pharmacies that provided consent to participate. These pharmacies were assigned to an intervention group or control group at a 1:1 ratio. The subjects were patients with dementia and their primary caregivers that visited the participating pharmacies and provided consent to participate. Pharmacists in the intervention group actively collected information from the patients’ family physicians and care managers and intervened to address medication-related problems, while those in the control group only performed their normal duties. The primary endpoint was a change in the caregiver’s score on the Japanese version of Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (J-ZBI) from the baseline to after 5 months of follow-up. The changes in mean J-ZBI scores from the beginning to the end of the study period of the two groups were compared using Welch's t-test, and effect sizes were calculated. The level of significance was set at 5%.Results: Totally, nine patients and nine caregivers in the intervention group, and nine patients and eight caregivers in the control group completed the study. The changes in J-ZBI scores could be calculated for seven cases in the intervention group and five cases in the control group. The J-ZBI scores were found to decrease by 1.0 in the intervention group and increase by 3.0 in the control group (p = 0.075, effect size = 1.414).Conclusions: Although the differences in J-ZBI scores were not statistically significant between the two groups, owing to the small sample sizes, the effect sizes suggest that community pharmacist interventions for people with dementia may reduce the care burden for caregivers.Trial registration: Registration: UMIN000039949 (registration date: 4.1.2020, retrospectively registered)
Effectiveness of Nursing Intervention Protocol on Nurses’ Performance and Patients’ Self-Care after Cataract Surgery
