Predicting spatial distribution of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in a typical human impacted area

The invasion and expansion of Spartina alterniflora in coastal salt marsh wetlands have greatly affected the material cycle of the ecosystem. A total of 372 topsoil samples were collected from 124 sites representing two land-cover types by implementing an unprecedented high sampling density study in the Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve. Classical statistics and geostatistics were used to quantify soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) spatial distribution. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to detect correlations between environmental factors, SOC, and TN. The results showed that SOC and TN have moderate variability. The spatial distributions of SOC and TN were similar, and the highest values were observed in the southwest of the study area. In different land cover types, the SOC and TN in the vegetation coverage areas with Spartina alterniflora as the dominant species were significantly higher than those in bare land. RDA showed that TN and aboveground biomass significantly affected the spatial distribution of SOC, while SOC and AGB dominated the spatial distribution of TN.

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Elevation and total nitrogen are the critical factors that control the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon content in the shrubland on the Bashang Plateau, China

CATENA ◽

10.1016/j.catena.2021.105415 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 204 ◽

pp. 105415

Author(s):

Xiao Zhang ◽

Xiao Li ◽

Xiaodong Ji ◽

Zhiqiang Zhang ◽

Hengshuo Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Critical Factors ◽

Soil Organic Carbon Content

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Spatial variability of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in the hilly red soil region of Southern China

Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1007/s11676-019-01014-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 2385-2394 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiong Yao ◽

Kunyong Yu ◽

Yangbo Deng ◽

Jian Liu ◽

Zhuangjie Lai

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Spatial Dependence ◽

Ordinary Kriging ◽

Southern China ◽

Kriging Interpolation ◽

Intrinsic Factors ◽

Geostatistical Approach

Abstract To obtain accurate spatial distribution maps of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in the Hetian Town in Fujian Province, China, soil samples from three depths (0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm) at 59 sampling sites were sampled by using traditional analysis and geostatistical approach. The SOC and TN ranged from 2.26 to 47.54 g kg−1, and from 0.28 to 2.71 g kg−1, respectively. The coefficient of variation for SOC and TN was moderate at 49.02–55.87% for all depths. According to the nugget-to-sill ratio values, a moderate spatial dependence of SOC content and a strong spatial dependence of TN content were found in different soil depths, demonstrating that SOC content was affected by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors while TN content was mainly influenced by intrinsic factors. Indices of cross-validation, such as mean error, mean standardized error, were close to zero, indicating that ordinary kriging interpolation is a reliable method to predict the spatial distribution of SOC and TN in different soil depths. Interpolation using ordinary kriging indicated the spatial pattern of SOC and TN were characterized by higher in the periphery and lower in the middle. To improve the accuracy of spatial interpolation for soil properties, it is necessary and important to incorporate a probabilistic and machine learning methods in the future study.

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Spatial Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Based on GIS and Geostatistics in a Small Watershed in a Hilly Area of Northern China

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0083592 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. e83592 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Gao Peng ◽

Wang Bing ◽

Geng Guangpo ◽

Zhang Guangcan

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Northern China ◽

Small Watershed ◽

Hilly Area

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Influence of Slope Gradient and Aspect on Soil Organic Carbon Content in the Region of Niš, Serbia

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13158332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 8332

Author(s):

Snežana Jakšić ◽

Jordana Ninkov ◽

Stanko Milić ◽

Jovica Vasin ◽

Milorad Živanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Slope Aspect ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Slope Gradient ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Uncultivated Land

Topography-induced microclimate differences determine the local spatial variation of soil characteristics as topographic factors may play the most essential role in changing the climatic pattern. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) with respect to the slope gradient and aspect, and to quantify their influence on SOC within different land use/cover classes. The study area is the Region of Niš in Serbia, which is characterized by complex topography with large variability in the spatial distribution of SOC. Soil samples at 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm were collected from different slope gradients and aspects in each of the three land use/cover classes. The results showed that the slope aspect significantly influenced the spatial distribution of SOC in the forest and vineyard soils, where N- and NW-facing soils had the highest level of organic carbon in the topsoil. There were no similar patterns in the uncultivated land. No significant differences were found in the subsoil. Organic carbon content was higher in the topsoil, regardless of the slope of the terrain. The mean SOC content in forest land decreased with increasing slope, but the difference was not statistically significant. In vineyards and uncultivated land, the SOC content was not predominantly determined by the slope gradient. No significant variations across slope gradients were found for all observed soil properties, except for available phosphorus and potassium. A positive correlation was observed between SOC and total nitrogen, clay, silt, and available phosphorus and potassium, while a negative correlation with coarse sand was detected. The slope aspect in relation to different land use/cover classes could provide an important reference for land management strategies in light of sustainable development.

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Topographic Position, Land Use and Soil Management Effects on Soil Organic Carbon (Vineyard Region of Niš, Serbia)

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11071438 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1438

Author(s):

Snežana Jakšić ◽

Jordana Ninkov ◽

Stanko Milić ◽

Jovica Vasin ◽

Milorad Živanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Surface Layer ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Soil Erosion ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Compaction ◽

Soil Management ◽

Forest Land ◽

Topographic Position

Spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) is the result of a combination of various factors related to both the natural environment and anthropogenic activities. The aim of this study was to examine (i) the state of SOC in topsoil and subsoil of vineyards compared to the nearest forest, (ii) the influence of soil management on SOC, (iii) the variation in SOC content with topographic position, (iv) the intensity of soil erosion in order to estimate the leaching of SOC from upper to lower topographic positions, and (v) the significance of SOC for the reduction of soil’s susceptibility to compaction. The study area was the vineyard region of Niš, which represents a medium-sized vineyard region in Serbia. About 32% of the total land area is affected, to some degree, by soil erosion. However, according to the mean annual soil loss rate, the total area is classified as having tolerable erosion risk. Land use was shown to be an important factor that controls SOC content. The vineyards contained less SOC than forest land. The SOC content was affected by topographic position. The interactive effect of topographic position and land use on SOC was significant. The SOC of forest land was significantly higher at the upper position than at the middle and lower positions. Spatial distribution of organic carbon in vineyards was not influenced by altitude, but occurred as a consequence of different soil management practices. The deep tillage at 60–80 cm, along with application of organic amendments, showed the potential to preserve SOC in the subsoil and prevent carbon loss from the surface layer. Penetrometric resistance values indicated optimum soil compaction in the surface layer of the soil, while low permeability was observed in deeper layers. Increases in SOC content reduce soil compaction and thus the risk of erosion and landslides. Knowledge of soil carbon distribution as a function of topographic position, land use and soil management is important for sustainable production and climate change mitigation.

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