scholarly journals The effects of fear appeal message repetition on perceived threat, perceived efficacy, and behavioral intention in the extended parallel process model

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyuan (Jolie) Shi ◽  
Sandi W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Fear Appeal ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Perceived Efficacy

scholarly journals Stage 2 registered report: Changing health compliance through message repetition based on the extended parallel process model in the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Yang ◽  
Xue Wu ◽  
Kyoshiro Sasaki ◽  
Yuki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Perceived Efficacy ◽  
Behavior Intention ◽  
Improved Methods

When people are confronted with health proposals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it has been suggested that fear of COVID-19 can serve protective functions and ensure public health compliance. However, health proposal repetition and its perceived efficacy also influence the behavior intention toward the proposal, which has not yet been confirmed in the COVID-19 context. The present study examined whether the extended parallel process model (EPPM) could be generalized to a naturalistic context like the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, we explored how repetition of a health proposal is involved with the EPPM. In this study, two groups of participants were exposed to the same health proposal related to COVID-19, where one group was exposed once and another group twice. They then filled out a questionnaire consisting of items concerning behavior intention and adapted from the Risk Behavior Diagnosis Scale. Structural equation modeling was used to determine the multivariate associations between the variables. Although the results showed that behavior intention is predicted by perceived efficacy, no significant influence of perceived threat was detected. Furthermore, no significant effect of repetition was found toward either response efficacy or perceived susceptibility. These findings indicate that to promote health compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is more efficient to focus on the perceived efficacy of effective health proposals rather than on the perceived threat of the disease. For future health communication research, the present study suggests improved methods for analysis strategies and repeated manipulation of messages.

scholarly journals No significant association of repeated messages with changes in health compliance in the COVID-19 pandemic: a registered report on the extended parallel process model

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11559
Author(s):  
Jingwen Yang ◽  
Xue Wu ◽  
Kyoshiro Sasaki ◽  
Yuki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Perceived Efficacy ◽  
Behavior Intention ◽  
Analysis Strategies

When people are confronted with health proposals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it has been suggested that fear of COVID-19 can serve protective functions and ensure public health compliance. However, health proposal repetition and its perceived efficacy also influence the behavior intention toward the proposal, which has not yet been confirmed in the COVID-19 context. The present study examined whether the extended parallel process model (EPPM) could be generalized to a naturalistic context like the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, we explored how repetition of a health proposal is involved with the EPPM. In this study, two groups of participants were exposed to the same health proposal related to COVID-19, where one group was exposed once and another group twice. Participants then filled out a questionnaire consisting of items concerning behavior intention and adapted from the Risk Behavior Diagnosis Scale. Structural equation modeling was used to determine the multivariate associations between the variables. Although the results showed that behavior intention is predicted by perceived efficacy, no significant influence of perceived threat was detected. Furthermore, no significant effect of repetition was found toward either response efficacy or perceived susceptibility. These findings indicate that to promote health compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is more efficient to focus on health proposals’ perceived efficacy rather than the disease’s perceived threat. For future health communication research, the present study suggests improved analysis strategies and repeated manipulation of messages.

scholarly journals From Information Exposure to Protective Behaviors: Investigating the Underlying Mechanism in COVID-19 Outbreak Using Social Amplification Theory and Extended Parallel Process Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuguang Zhao ◽  
Xuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Perceived Efficacy ◽  
Social Amplification

Ever since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), people have been flooded with vast amounts of information related to the virus and its social consequences. This paper draws on social amplification theory and the extended parallel process model (EPPM) and assesses the following: (a) how two amplification stations—news media and peoples’ personal networks—influence the risk-related perceptions of people (perceived efficacy and perceived threat) and (b) how these risk-related perceptions impact people’s health-protective behaviors. This study surveyed 1,946 participants. The results indicate that peoples’ exposure to news media significantly and positively predicted both perceived efficacy and perceived threat. It also shows that peoples’ exposure to risk-related information through their personal networks negatively predicted their perceived efficacy, but it positively predicted their perceived threat. The mediating effect of fear was examined, and the result was contradictory to the EPPM. In short, this study reveals the underlying mechanism of individuals’ exposure to risk information, processing, and precautionary measures.

scholarly journals Changing health compliance through message repetition based on the extended parallel process model in the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Yang ◽  
Xue Wu ◽  
Kyoshiro Sasaki ◽  
Yuki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Perceived Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
Behavior Intention

When people are confronted with health proposals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it has been suggested that fear of COVID-19 can serve protective functions and ensure public health compliance. However, health proposal repetition and its perceived efficacy also influence the behavior intention toward the proposal, which has not yet been confirmed in the COVID-19 context. The present study aims to examine whether the extended parallel process model (EPPM) can be generalized to a naturalistic context like the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, we will explore how repetition of a health proposal is involved with the EPPM. In this study, two groups of participants are exposed to the same health proposal related to COVID-19, where one group is exposed once and another group twice. They then fill out a questionnaire consisting of items concerning behavior intention and adapted from the Risk Behavior Diagnosis Scale. Structural equation modeling will be used to determine the multivariate associations between the variables. We predict that repetition of the health proposal will associate with response efficacy (i.e., a belief about the effectiveness of the health proposal in deterring the threat) and perceived susceptibility (i.e., a belief about the risk of experiencing the threat). It is also predicted that following the EPPM, behavior intention will associate with both perceived efficacy of the health proposal, which will underlie response efficacy, and perceived threat of COVID-19, which will underlie perceived susceptibility. We will discuss the process, based on the model, where health message repetition affects behavior intention during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Changing health compliance through message repetition based on the extended parallel process model in the COVID-19 pandemic

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Yang ◽  
Xue Wu ◽  
Kyoshiro Sasaki ◽  
Yuki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Perceived Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
Behavior Intention

When people are confronted with health proposals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it has been suggested that fear of COVID-19 can serve protective functions and ensure public health compliance. However, health proposal repetition and its perceived efficacy also influence the behavior intention toward the proposal, which has not yet been confirmed in the COVID-19 context. The present study aims to examine whether the extended parallel process model (EPPM) can be generalized to a naturalistic context like the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, we will explore how repetition of a health proposal is involved with the EPPM. In this study, two groups of participants are exposed to the same health proposal related to COVID-19, where one group is exposed once and another group twice. They then fill out a questionnaire consisting of items concerning behavior intention and adapted from the Risk Behavior Diagnosis Scale. Structural equation modeling will be used to determine the multivariate associations between the variables. We predict that repetition of the health proposal will associate with response efficacy (i.e., a belief about the effectiveness of the health proposal in deterring the threat) and perceived susceptibility (i.e., a belief about the risk of experiencing the threat). It is also predicted that following the EPPM, behavior intention will associate with both perceived efficacy of the health proposal, which will underlie response efficacy, and perceived threat of COVID-19, which will underlie perceived susceptibility. We will discuss the process, based on the model, where health message repetition affects behavior intention during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The Effects of Fear Appeals and Message Format on Promoting Skin Cancer Prevention Behaviors among College Students

Societies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Cui Zhang Meadows
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Fear Appeals ◽  
Skin Cancer Prevention ◽  
Fear Appeal ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Message Format

This study tested the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) by examining how fear mediated the effects of threat on individuals’ assessment of risk, which was neglected in many fear appeal studies. Second, this study treated efficacy as an existing perception, and explored the effects of varying levels of threat and efficacy on individuals’ behavioral intention. Furthermore, this study examined whether message format, such as narratives, played a role on individuals’ behavioral intention. Implications for the EPPM and health message development were discussed.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Skin Cancer Preventive Behaviors Based on the Extended Parallel Process Model in Yazd University of Medical Sciences Students, 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad ◽  
Sakineh Gerayllo ◽  
Nafise Mizani
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Skin Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Preventive Behaviors

Background: Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers that is mostly caused by ultraviolet radiation. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting skin cancer preventive behaviors in medical sciences students based on the extended parallel process model that is responsible for the future health of the community. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 150 students who were selected by the simple random sampling method in Yazd in 2017. The data were collected by translating the questionnaire based on the extended parallel process model. The data were analyzed by SPSS-18 software and descriptive tests and non-parametric Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman correlation and linear regression at a significance level of 0.05.  Results: The mean age of participants was 22.01 ± 5.24, more than half of whom (57.3%) used sunscreen as a self-protective behavior against the sunlight. The perceived severity construct had the highest score among the constructs (79.53) and preventive behaviors score (61.7). Among the demographic variables, gender had a significant statistical difference with the constructs of fear and behavioral intention, and preventive behaviors and economic status variable in the perceived response efficacy construct. Among the model constructs, the behavioral intention was the strongest behavioral predictor of skin cancer prevention (p< 0.000,β =0.589). Conclusion: In view of the findings, it seems necessary to increase protective behaviors against sunlight and skin cancer prevention by removing existing barriers including cultural issues. Also, recurrent training can be effective in promoting behavioral intention of student in preventing skin cancer.

scholarly journals Impacts of Gain Versus Loss Frame Messages About Beverages on Boy Students, an Application of Extended Parallel Process Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Zareharofteh ◽  
Masoud Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Perceived Efficacy ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Loss Frame ◽  
Gain Frame

Abstract Background: Unhealthy diet including consumption of high amounts of Sugar-sweetened beverages is a key modifiable risk factor for obesity and NCDs which begin in childhood and adolescence. The study aimed to compare the effect of gain frame vs. loss frame messages on SSBs consumption intention and behavior of high school boy students. Methods: In this three-arm educational randomized controlled trial, 270 students from three boy’s high schools which were selected through a multistage random sampling. data collection was done through a 15 items self-reported questionnaire before and two months after the intervention. each of the two intervention groups received one of the two types of gain frame or loss frame designed pamphlets inspired with extended parallel process model. The control group received no pamphlet. Results: In control, GFM and LFM groups 91, 86 and 89 students participated in the study, respectively. After the intervention significant differences were observed in perceived efficacy and threat of the GFM group and perceived efficacy, threat and intention in the LFM group compared with before the intervention. The GFM group had higher perceived self-efficacy than the control group and lower perceived severity than the LFM group. Intention to consume SSBs reduced significantly in LFM group, compared with the control group.Conclusions: A combination of LFM and GFM messages could more effectively lead to nutritional behavior change regarding the consumption of SSBs. results help to design messages for educational programs and nutritional campaigns.

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