Corporate foreign currency debt in Brazil: will dollar indebted firms invest more after real exchange rate depreciations?

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourenco Senne Paz
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Foreign Currency Debt

Real Exchange Rate Overvaluation and WTO Dispute Initiation in Developing Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timm Betz ◽  
Andrew Kerner
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Real Exchange Rates ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
Trade Dispute ◽  
Competitive Disadvantage ◽  
Dispute Initiation ◽  
Foreign Currency Debt

AbstractWhy and when do developing countries file trade disputes at the World Trade Organization (WTO)? Although financial conditions have long been considered an important driver of trade policy, they have been largely absent from the literature on trade disputes. We argue that developing country governments bring more trade dispute to the WTO when overvalued real exchange rates put exporters at a competitive disadvantage. This dynamic is most prevalent in countries where large foreign currency debt burdens discourage nominal currency devaluations that would otherwise serve exporters’ interests. Our findings provide an explanation for differences in dispute participation rates among developing countries, and also suggest a new link between exchange rate regimes and trade policy.

scholarly journals The Predominance of Balance Sheet Effect versus Competitiveness Effect of Exchange Rate on Brazilian Companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Maria Paula Vieira Cicogna ◽  
Rudinei Toneto Jr ◽  
Mauricio Ribeiro do Valle ◽  
Wilson Tarantin Junior
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
International Market ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
Econometric Tests ◽  
Foreign Currency Debt ◽  
Exchange Rate Depreciation

The present research argues that the depreciation of the exchange rate has a negative effect on the balance sheet of Brazilian companies with debt in foreign currency. This effect is mainly on commodity exporters, since it is the class of companies with the highest indebtedness in the international market, as showed by the results. At the same time, companies with foreign currency debt showed a reduction in their investments in moments of depreciation of the exchange rate, which indicates the predominance of the balance sheet effect. The conclusions of the study were obtained through descriptive statistics and econometric tests (panel data) to analyze the effect of foreign currency debt and the exchange rate on investment rate. It was verified that the balance sheet effect generated by the exchange rate depreciation is predominant when compared to the competitiveness effect from 2003 to 2015.

scholarly journals Do Expectations Play Any Role in Determining Pak Rupee Exchange Rates?

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
Razzaque H. Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Nominal Exchange Rate ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Relative Prices

This paper presents some evidence on the role of expectations in the determination of Pak rupee exchange rates vis-à-vis the dollar, pound, and yen over the period 1982:1– 1993:7. Results of cointegration and coefficient restriction tests in two out of three cases are supportive of the view of exchange rate determination in postulating that in efficient markets in which uncertainty and expectations about the future are dominant, the equilibrium nominal exchange rate is determined not only by current relative prices but also by the expected real exchange rate. These results are supportive of ex ante purchasing power parity, implying that the real exchange rate follows a random walk. These results also suggest that the anticipated inflation rate is higher in Pakistan than in other countries, which tends to encourage the domestic residents to convert their current balances into foreign currency, so that the terms of trade deteriorate and offset much of gains of the continuous devaluation of Pak rupee by undermining external competitiveness.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Exchange Rate Pass-Through On Serbian Export Competitiveness

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-214
Author(s):  
Ivan Marković ◽  
Milan Marković
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Nominal Exchange Rate ◽  
National Currency ◽  
The Real ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Exchange Rate Pass Through ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The permanent existence of inflation in Serbia adversely affects achievement of macroeconomic stability. Its effects are reflected in a decrease in the real exchange rate, low price competitiveness of exports and deterioration in the balance of payments. The real exchange rate is an instrument which shows that in conditions of faster growth rate in a country than abroad, the domestic economy can't be competitive in the international market. Implementation of appropriate exchange rate regime inevitably leads to problems of exchange rate changes on import prices and inflation. The research aims to demonstrate the interdependence of inflation and depreciation, and the fact that the general price level increase is a main factor that hinders the realization of the positive effects of the national currency depreciation. Unstable monetary situation in the country undermines the goal of stimulating exports through an increase in the nominal exchange rate and by reducing export prices in foreign currency. Export becomes uncompetitive, while the depreciation of the national currency is quickly spread to inflation through the exchange rate pass-through.

Testing the Hypothesis of Dutch Disease in the Bolivian Economy

2014 ◽  
pp. 93-116
Author(s):  
Sergio Cerezo Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
The Real ◽  
Services Sector

In recent years, Bolivia has experienced a strong inflow of foreign currency due in part to a sharp rise in prices of natural resources exports. This element along with the real exchange rate appreciation has created concern about whether the economy is experiencing the so-called Dutch Disease (DD). Based on conditions described in Oomes and Kalcheva (2007) to detect this economic phenomenon (real appreciation, slower manufacturing sector growth, prompt growth of services and higher wages), this document finds no empirical evidence on this phenomenon. In particular, neither an overvalued exchange rate nor a persistent misalignment of the real exchange rate, nor a manufacturing de-industrialization is observed. The evolution of the services sector, their prices and real wages do not respond to the dynamics of a sector boom. However, the document considers that the presence of this phenomenon deserves close scrutiny.

Exploring real exchange rate effects on trade balances in Thailand

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 16-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tantatape Brahmasrene ◽  
Komain Jiranyakul
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Real Exchange Rates ◽  
The Real ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of real exchange rates on the trade balances between Thailand and its major trading partners. Previous empirical evidence gave mixed results of the impact of real exchange rates on trade balances. In this study, Augmented Dicky‐Fuller and Phillips‐Perron tests for stationarity followed by the cointegration tests are implemented. All variables in the model are nonstationary but cointegrated. In cointegrating regressions, biases are introduced by simultaneity and serial correlation in the error. The specification that deals with these problems is the non‐linear specification of Stock and Watson (1989). By using this non‐linear model as modified by Reinhart (1995), the results show that the impact of real exchange rates (Thai baht/foreign currency) on trade balances is significant in most cases. Therefore, the generalized Marshall‐Lerner condition seems to hold. Furthermore, the results show that the real exchange rates play a more important role in the determination of the bilateral trade balances than other factors. Since the real exchange rate variable plays a major role in this study, the policy recommendation is to prevent exchange rate misalignment. A policy that can neutralize the changes in nominal exchange rates and relative prices should be introduced to prevent further deterioration of the trade balance.

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