Multiple sensory loss and visual hallucination: Two patients with leprosy and charles bonnet syndrome

Neurocase ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-355
Author(s):  
Naoto Adachi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Visual Hallucination ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Charles Bonnet Syndrome

Yi-Gan San for Treatment of Charles Bonnet Syndrome (Visual Hallucination Due to Vision Loss)

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Miyaoka ◽  
Motohide Furuya ◽  
Liaury Kristian ◽  
Rei Wake ◽  
Kazunori Kawakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Hallucination ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Charles Bonnet Syndrome

Charles Bonnet Syndrome with Major Depression in a Chinese Middle-Aged Man

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 769-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson Yat-Yuk Fong ◽  
Yun-Kwok Wing
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Visual Hallucination ◽  
Sensory Deprivation ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Charles Bonnet Syndrome

Objective: To describe a middle-aged patient with Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) suffering from concurrent major depression. Clinical picture: A 41-year-old Chinese man with retinitis pigmentosa developed complex and vivid visual hallucinations. This was followed by the onset of major depressive illness. His visual hallucinations were greatly influenced by his cultural background and changed during the course of his depression. Treatment: The patient was treated with imipramine. Outcome: The patient had a relapse of depression due to his non-compliance. He recovered after the resumption of imipramine but the visual hallucinations persisted. Conclusions: Patients suffering from CBS can have another concurrent psychiatric illness. The content and form of this patient's visual hallucinations were modified by his cultural background and depressive illness. Sensory deprivation is suggested to be the pathogenic mechanism of his visual hallucination.

Complex visual hallucinations (Charles Bonnet syndrome) in visual field defects following cerebral surgery

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 846-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Freiman ◽  
Rainer Surges ◽  
Vassilios I. Vougioukas ◽  
Ulrich Hubbe ◽  
Jochen Talazko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Hallucination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Charles Bonnet Syndrome ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Field Defects

✓ The development of visual hallucinations after loss of vision is known as the Charles Bonnet syndrome. This phenomenon was first described in 1760 by Charles Bonnet and others during their observations of elderly patients with degeneration of the retina or cornea. To date a clear association between visual hallucinations and neurosurgical procedures has not been reported. Because of their clear demarcation, however, surgical lesions in the cerebrum offer a unique opportunity to determine the pathoanatomical aspects of visual hallucinations. During a 3-year period, 41 consecutive patients who acquired visual field defects after neurosurgery were examined for the occurrence of visual hallucination. Postoperatively, four of these patients experienced visual hallucinations. In two of them an upper quadrantanopia developed after the patients had undergone selective amygdalohippocampectomy. In the other two patients a complete hemianopia developed, in one case after resection of a parietal astrocytoma and in the other after resection of an occipital glioblastoma multiforme. The visual hallucinations were transient and gradually disappeared between 4 days and 6 months postoperatively. The patients were aware of the fact that their hallucinations were fictitious and displayed no psychosis. Electroencephalographic recordings were obtained in only two patients and epileptic discharges were found. Deafferentiation of cortical association areas may lead to the spontaneous generation of complex visual phenomena. In the present series this phenomenon occurred in approximately 10% of patients with postoperative visual field defects. In all four cases the central optic radiation was damaged between the lateral geniculate nucleus and the primary visual cortex. The complex nature of the visual hallucination indicates that they were generated in visual association areas.

scholarly journals Charles bonnet syndrome, management with simple behavioral technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baba Awoye Issa ◽  
Abdullahi Dasliva Yussuf
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Visual Hallucination ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Charles Bonnet Syndrome ◽  
Normal Individuals

ABSTRACTCharles Bonnet syndrome occurs in visually impaired but cognitively normal individuals. This report describes a condition of vivid visual hallucination (phantom images) in an 85‑year‑old conscious man, who had been blind by bilateral progressively worsening glaucoma. This common, but rarely reported, condition was managed by behavioral approach of repeated blinking, intermittent eyes closure, and reassurance. While emotional, mood and cognitive disorders need to be ruled out, the condition, though frightening to the afflicted, is benign and remediable with simple, inexpensive approach. Health workers managing people with terminal blindness should always ask for the presence of hallucinations from their patients to forestall a preventable distress resulting from wrong perception without visual stimulus.

The Charles Bonnet Syndrome: ‘Phantom Visual Images’

Perception ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 809-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Schultz ◽  
Ronald Melzack
Keyword(s):  
Visual Experience ◽  
Sensory Deprivation ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Charles Bonnet Syndrome ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Arousal Mechanism ◽  
Syndrome Individual ◽  
The Brain

The Charles Bonnet syndrome is a condition in which individuals experience complex visual hallucinations without demonstrable psychopathology or disturbance of normal consciousness. An analysis of the sixty-four cases described in the literature reveals that the syndrome can occur at any age though it is more common in elderly people. Reduction in vision, due to peripheral eye pathology as well as pathology within the brain, is associated with the syndrome. Individual hallucinatory episodes can last from a few seconds to most of the day. Episodes can occur for periods of time ranging from days to years, with the hallucinations changing both in frequency and in complexity during this time. The hallucinations may be triggered or stopped by a number of factors which may exert their effect through a general arousal mechanism. People, animals, buildings, and scenery are reported most often. These images may appear static, moving in the visual field, or animated. Emotional reaction to the hallucinations may be positive or negative. Several theories have been proposed to account for the hallucinations. This paper highlights the sensory deprivation framework, with particular emphasis on the activity in the visual system after sensory loss that produces patterns of nerve impulses that, in turn, give rise to visual experience.

Questions and Answers

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham ◽  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Motor Nerves ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Limited Motion

Abstract Lesions of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), whether due to injury or illness, commonly result in residual symptoms and signs and, hence, permanent impairment. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) describes procedures for rating upper extremity neural deficits in Chapter 3, The Musculoskeletal System, section 3.1k; Chapter 4, The Nervous System, section 4.4 provides additional information and an example. The AMA Guides also divides PNS deficits into sensory and motor and includes pain within the former. The impairment estimates take into account typical manifestations such as limited motion, atrophy, and reflex, trophic, and vasomotor deficits. Lesions of the peripheral nervous system may result in diminished sensation (anesthesia or hypesthesia), abnormal sensation (dysesthesia or paresthesia), or increased sensation (hyperesthesia). Lesions of motor nerves can result in weakness or paralysis of the muscles innervated. Spinal nerve deficits are identified by sensory loss or pain in the dermatome or weakness in the myotome supplied. The steps in estimating brachial plexus impairment are similar to those for spinal and peripheral nerves. Evaluators should take care not to rate the same impairment twice, eg, rating weakness resulting from a peripheral nerve injury and the joss of joint motion due to that weakness.

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