Discrepancies between school grades and test scores at individual and school level: effects of gender and family background

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alli Klapp Lekholm ◽  
Christina Cliffordson
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Family Background ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Grades ◽  
School Level Effects

scholarly journals HISTÓRIA DA MATEMÁTICA DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL NOS LIVROS DE MINICURSOS DA SBHMat (2001-2017)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-44
Author(s):  
Lucas Silva Pires ◽  
Iran Abreu Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
School Level ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
School Grades ◽  
Mathematics History ◽  
Short Course

Resumo: Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre os livros de minicursos de história da matemática publicados pela Sociedade Brasileira de História da Matemática no período de 2001 e 2017, cujos conteúdos matemáticos foram destinados aos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Nosso objetivo foi identificar e caracterizar as sugestões propostas nesses livros para as ações didáticas do professor de Matemática desse nível escolar. Para operacionalização da pesquisa, inicialmente realizamos um levantamento dos livros de minicursos classificando-os em três tendências de pesquisa em História da Matemática, para selecionar somente aqueles voltados à história para o ensino da matemática. Em seguida identificamos e caracterizamos os livros com conteúdos dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Os resultados apontaram que, dos 101 livros de minicursos, 21,78% propõem abordagens centradas em conteúdos relativos ao Ensino Fundamental dos anos finais que podem ser utilizadas com vistas a facilitar as organizações e ações didáticas do professor nas suas aulas de matemática.Palavras-chave: Livros de minicursos; História para o ensino da matemática; Anos Finais; Ensino Fundamental. Abstract: In this article we present the results of a research on the Mathematics History short-course books published by the Brazilian Society of Mathematics History from 2001 to 2017 whose contents were aimed at Middle School grades. Our objective was to identify and characterize the suggestions proposed in these books for the didactic actions of Mathematics teachers at this school level. To operate the research, we carried out, at first, a survey of the short-course books, sorting them into three research tendencies in Mathematics History, in order to select only those that dealt with History for teaching Mathematics. Then we identified and characterized the books which included contents for Middle School. The results indicated that, from the 101 short-course books, 21,78% propose approaches centered around contents pertaining to Middle School which can be used to facilitate the teacher's organization and didactic actions in their Mathematics classes.Keywords: Short-course books; History for teaching Mathematics; Middle School; Basic education.

scholarly journals Systematic review of reviews of observational studies of school-level effects on sexual health, violence and substance use

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nichola Shackleton ◽  
Farah Jamal ◽  
Russell Viner ◽  
Kelly Dickson ◽  
Kate Hinds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
School Level ◽  
Review Of Reviews ◽  
School Level Effects

School-Level Effects of Teachers' Participation in Decision Making

1994 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne L. Taylor ◽  
Ira E. Bogotch
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
School Level ◽  
Participation In Decision Making ◽  
School Level Effects

This article presents findings from a study of teachers' participation in decision making. Data gathered from a large metropolitan district involved in restructuring are analyzed to isolate dimensions of participation and to explore linkages between these dimensions and several outcome variables. Results indicate that participation did not improve outcomes for teachers or students and that teachers did not feel sufficiently involved in decision making was sufficient despite working in a reform district. These findings suggest that restructuring models must be reexamined to identify and remedy obstacles that inhibit the success of reform efforts.

scholarly journals Sanitation and Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Adukia
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
School Level ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Indian School ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Sanitation Infrastructure ◽  
School Sanitation ◽  
Academic Test

I explore whether the absence of school sanitation infrastructure impedes educational attainment, particularly among pubescent-age girls, using a national Indian school latrine construction initiative and administrative school-level data. School latrine construction substantially increases enrollment of pubescent-age girls, though predominately when providing sex-specific latrines. Privacy and safety appear to matter sufficiently for pubescent-age girls that only sex-specific latrines reduce gender disparities. Any latrine substantially benefits younger girls and boys, who may be particularly vulnerable to sickness from uncontained waste. Academic test scores did not increase following latrine construction, however. Estimated increases in enrollment are similar across the substantial variation in Indian district characteristics. (JEL H75, H76, I21, I25, J16, O15, O53)

scholarly journals The Promise and Pitfalls of Using Imprecise School Accountability Measures

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J Kane ◽  
Douglas O Staiger
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Small Schools ◽  
Market Value ◽  
School Accountability ◽  
School Level ◽  
Accountability Systems ◽  
Accountability Measures

In recent years, most states have constructed elaborate accountability systems using school-level test scores. However, because the median elementary school contains only 69 children per grade level, such measures are quite imprecise. We evaluate the implications for school accountability systems. For instance, rewards or sanctions for schools with scores at either extreme primarily affect small schools and provide weak incentives to large ones. Nevertheless, we conclude that accountability systems may be worthwhile. Even in states with aggressive financial incentives, the marginal reward to schools for raising student performance is a small fraction of the potential labor market value for students.

Shortcut: High School Grades As a Signal of Human Capital

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shazia Rafiullah Miller
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Grades ◽  
High School Grades ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Bachelor's Degrees

Research shows that employers are dissatisfied with their ability to hire good workers out of high school ( Barton, 1990 ; Cappelli & Rogovsky, 1993). This article considers whether employers could benefit from using high school grades to identify workers whom they will value more in the long run. Using the High School and Beyond data on the sophomore cohort, this article examines the effects of high school grades on long-term productivity as measured by earnings. It finds that high school grades do have a strong and significant effect on earnings 9 years after high school for both men and women, those with and without bachelor’s degrees, and controlling for race/ethnicity, SES, region of the country, and whether the school is public or private. Using a fixed-effect model, it also demonstrates that these findings are robust even after controlling for school-level differences. The article further confirms other researchers’ findings of no or negative short-term effects of high school grades on earnings. It argues that this connection between grades and long-run productivity suggests that employers could use high school graduates’ grades to identify workers they will value.

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