Strategies for exploitation of mineral resources in developing countries

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Prof AK Ghose ◽  
James F McDivitt
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Mineral Resources

The Anthropology of Mining: The Social and Environmental Impacts of Resource Extraction in the Mineral Age

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry K. Jacka
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Peasant Farmers

This article examines the social and environmental costs of living in the mineral age, wherein contemporary global livelihoods depend almost completely on the extraction of mineral resources. Owing to the logic of extractivism—the rapid and widespread removal of resources for exchange in global capitalist markets—both developed and developing countries are inextricably entangled in pursuing resource extraction as a means of sustaining current lifestyles as well as a key mechanism for promoting socioeconomic development. The past 15 years has seen a massive expansion of mineral resource extraction as many developing countries liberalized their mining sectors, allowing foreign capital and mining companies onto the lands of peasant farmers and indigenous people. This mining expansion has also facilitated the rise of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). Transformations in livelihoods and corporate practices as well as the environmental impacts and social conflicts wrought by mining are the central foci of this article.

Natural Resources and Problems of Development

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Per Antonsen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Third World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
World Market ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Third World

The author focuses on problems in the economy of the developing countries likely to arise as a consequence of mineral exploitation in the new territories. A general shortage of mineral resources, although predicted, should not uncritically be adopted as a sufficient explanation of the demonstrated interest of industrial enterprises in undertaking heavy investments in the new territories. The economic security claimed by institutions financing large-scale investments, may just as likely force the companies to seek options for long-term supplies from these areas, unhampered by the politically caused instabilities perceived in the Third World. This development may tend to push the developing countries into the role of subsidiary suppliers in the world market. The committees preparing the UN Conference on the Law of the Sea have so far taken no realistic measures to counteract this possibility, which may prove detrimental to the economies of several developing countries. The Conference will, in the opinion of the author, provide little but a settlement of disputed interests among the coastal states.

scholarly journals Conflicting Treasures: contrasting resource use governance in two artisanal gemstone mining sites in Madagascar

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merrill S.A. Baker-Médard
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Community Management ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Natural Resource Extraction ◽  
Great Pressure ◽  
Key Drivers

Conflict over property and resource rights is a common product of the convergence of biodiversity conservation and natural resource extraction and is especially pronounced in resource rich developing countries. Madagascar, a country well known for its unique and threatened biodiversity as well as its wealth of mineral resources is under great pressure to reconcile the conflict between these two treasures. This article, utilizing research conducted from 2004-2008, explores how resource claims are exercised, by whom, and by what means in two artisanal gemstone mining sites in Madagascar. It argues that the practices and discourses associated with conservation intervention have influenced both the way in which people understand as well as act upon their property rights. The alienation and dispossession accompanying a fortress modeled state-managed protected area is contrasted with a decentralized self-governing communitymanaged model and are posited as key drivers of observed differences in people's claims to resources in two gemstone mining sites. The research shows that community-managed conservation had an unexpected influence on a community's assertion of greater authority over gem resources. Key words: Community management, conservation, mining, Madagascar, governance

Mineral development for growth: the case for a new mineral policy framework for Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Ashraf ◽  
Frederick Cawood
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mineral Policy ◽  
Mining Investment

Purpose The fundamental purpose of this research is to compare Pakistan’s mineral policy instrument with that of leading developing minerals-based economies and to highlight the gaps. Mineral resources development can act as an engine for country growth and have the potential to transform economies and societies. The extent to which such transformation takes place varies depending upon the method of their use. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts a gap analysis between Pakistan and leading developing minerals-based economies to identify key policy gaps. Two basic principles were kept in mind with the choice of countries: first, only developing countries were considered and, second, at least two countries had to be Islamic. Eight developing countries Chile, Mexico, Brazil, Peru, India, South Africa, Kazakhstan and Turkey were selected. Findings The most important finding of the exercise is that Pakistan’s mineral sector is lacking an enabling institutional, fiscal and regulatory framework for the optimal development of its mineral resources. Practical implication Pakistan’s mineral resources have the potential to expand its economy and benefit its citizens. For this to happen, Pakistan must first establish what beneficiation is realistically expected from its mineral resources and, second, formulate a mineral policy based on leading practices to attract mining investment and aim for a sector contribution to gross domestic product of 5 per cent. Originality/value This paper presents original work on how Pakistan should formulate its mineral policy to extract maximum benefit from its mineral resources.

Three Lessons on the Construction of Export Controls Under WTO Law

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-115
Author(s):  
Umair Ghori
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Export Controls ◽  
Wto Dispute Settlement ◽  
The World ◽  
Downstream Development

Export controls are gradually emerging as a source of contention within the World Trade Organisation (‘WTO’) law. Resource-exporting developing countries are increasingly finding it difficult to reserve the use of commodities and mineral resources for domestic purposes and downstream development due to the obligations imposed by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (‘GATT’) framework and WTO law. The problem is further exacerbated by the unclear guidelines and the overwhelming import-orientation of the provisions regulating international trade within the GATT/WTO framework. This article synthesises three important lessons that can be gleaned by policymakers from GATT/WTO jurisprudence in the construction of export controls in order to avoid a hostile response from other WTO Members concerned about equitable and free access to resources. The article argues that, as things stand today, GATT provisions leave little room for policymakers to prefer budding domestic sectors. Any preferential policies that seek inward diversion of resources will most likely attract a challenge in the WTO Dispute Settlement Body.

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