Shape and volume optimization of industrial parts

In the present time, there are many challenges in the production of industrial parts. Due to the constantly rising prices of materials and energy, it is necessary to constantly look for ways to optimize production costs and optimize material consumption. There is great pressure on economical production, i. to produce products with the lowest costs given the expected and necessary properties. With the introduction of additive manufacturing technologies into practice and the production of parts for end use comes the introduction of methods for optimizing the shape of the part and the required amount of material for its production. We call this method Topological Optimization. The presented article describes the preparation of topologically optimized parts and a comparison of their strength properties with respect to the original and the original part.

Condition-Based Monitoring and Maintenance: State of the Art Review

Manufacturing firms face great pressure to reduce downtime as well as maintenance costs. Condition-based maintenance (CBM) can be used to effectively manage operations and maintenance by monitoring detailed machine health information. CBM policies and the development of the mathematical models have been growing recently. This paper provides a review of the theoretical and practical development in the field of condition-based maintenance and its current advancements. Standard CBM platform could make it effective and efficient in implementation and performance improvement.

Leadership, Vision, and Values in a Time of Change and Crisis

This chapter analyses the principles and practices of effective leadership and management in times of complex change. It presents an illustrative case study of a UK research-intensive university's strategic response to global and national changes in the higher education sector as they intersected with a profound and unexpected crisis – the COVID-19 pandemic. The chapter explores emergent possibilities for practising leadership that respects the culture(s) of the academic and professional collective of a research-intensive university, while considering some of the lived contradictions and kinds of emotional labour experienced during this time of great pressure. The authors propose a new cross-cutting articulation of ‘leadership in academia' based on seven key principles as a means of bringing faculty members and professional staff into new collaborative spaces. Their conclusion highlights the importance of establishing a culture of consent to cooperation to enable institutions to navigate disagreements over policy decisions.

Towards Semi Automated Pre-assembly for Aircraft Interior Production

The growing aviation market puts first tier suppliers of aircraft interior under great pressure. Cabin monuments, not only consist of various assemblies with a wide range of parts, they are also highly customized by the airliners. Historically grown, poorly optimized manual processes offer the required flexibility, but limit the production rate of the individual products. The aviation industry responds with an increased use of automation technology. Recent standardization and automation approaches for efficient manufacturing, lead to an increase in productivity of these low volume products. However, complementary approaches to increase the degree of automation during assembly of aircraft interior components are missing. To reach a higher degree of automation this paper presents a derivation of cabin specific assembly processes with a varying degree of automation. First the range of components and processes in pre-assembly is analyzed with respect to automation. Based on the analysis, components and processes are classified in standardized groups. Fully automated and flexible automation processes are introduced to develop a semi-automated system. Furthermore, the required flow of information is described. Discussion of the results shows that the presented solution allows a flexible pre-assembly of low-volume interior parts and sets a baseline for further digitalization approaches.

THE DYNAMICS OF WAYANG GOLEK IN PANDEMIC AND GLOBALIZATION: TRADITIONAL ART SUSTAINABILITY

This research aims to explore the dynamics of wayang golek art and to highlight its sustainability in the future. Modernity, the acceleration of technological devices and globalization wave in the last two decades, transfers great pressure on traditional arts and culture. Wayang Golek, a performing art originally from West Java, has recently received a fairly strong wave of resistance due to changes in the social culture which is mainly leading to modernity. By using a qualitative approach, data collection techniques were carried out by interviewing two main players as the puppeteers of Wayang Golek. The data analysis uses the theory of Miles and Hubberman, and the theoretical study of Islamic studies. The results of the study show that 1) Wayang Golek has unique characteristics, where the talent needed tends to go through the "inheritance" tradition, 2) Wayang Golek can be a bridge for internalizing religious and humanist values for the community through unique stories based on custom, 3) the restriction of Wayang Golek performance due to the Covid-19 pandemic leads the puppeteers to be more creative to survive, such as creating videos and uploading them in YouTube and other social media, and 4) the preservation of this art depends on the serious attention of all parties, from the government, regional officials, and the community.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeskplorasi dinamika kesenian wayang golek, serta menyoroti keberlangsungan ‘hidup’ seni tradisional wayang golek dimasa yang akan datang. Era modernitas, akselerasi perangkat teknologi dan gelombang arus globalisasi dalam dua dekade terakhir, memberikan tekanan hebat pada wilayah seni dan budaya tradisional. Wayang Golek sebuah seni pertunjukkan yang berasal dari Jawa Barat akhir-akhir ini mengalami gelombang resistensi cukup kuat imbas dari perubahan kultur sosial masyarakat yang bergerak kearah modernitas. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara terhadap dua pemain utama sebagai “Dalang” Wayang Golek, observasi dan dokumentasi. Adapun analisis data menggunakan teori Miles dan Hubberman, dan kajian teoritis Islamic studies. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Seni Wayang Golek memiliki karakteristik unik, dimana bakat yang dibutuhkan cenderung melalui tradisi “warisan”, 2) Wayang Golek dapat menjadi jembatan internalisasi nilai-nilai religius dan humanis bagi masyarakat melalui cerita-cerita unik berbasis adat, 3) dilarangnya pagelaran Wayang Golek akibat pandemi Covid-19 membuat para dalang lebih kreatif untuk bertahan, seperti membuat video dan menunggahnya ke YouTube dan media sosial yang lain, dan 4) Kelestarian kesenian ini bergantung terhadap perhatian serius semua pihak baik dari pemerintah, pejabat daerah, maupun masyarakat.

An Integrated, Size-Structured Stock Assessment of Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba

The Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) fishery is the largest fishery in the Southern Ocean, and it has been operating for over 45 years. In the past decade, the spatial distribution of the krill fishery has focused on the Bransfield Strait off the Antarctic Peninsula (subarea 48.1). However, the high fishing effort and climate change have placed great pressure on krill resources in this region, and conservation concerns have been raised. Because aging krill is difficult and uncertain, we developed an integrated size-structured model to estimate the fishing mortality, recruitment and spawning biomass of krill. The results indicated that in 1992–2011, the average spawning biomass of krill ranged from 1.14 × 106 to 1.45 × 106 tons, the estimated biomass of the maximum sustainable yield (BMSY) ranged from 3.96 × 105 to 4.90 × 105 tons and the estimated average recruitment ranged from 2.3 × 1012 to 5.03 × 1012 individuals in the research area. We explored the effect of different data weighting schemes for the length data on the assessment output. However, our estimates also have uncertainties. In addition, an attempt was made to analyze the correlation between model-estimated recruitment and mature biomass with climate change. Future stock assessments of krill resources should be comprehensive and multimethod, and the management of krill resources should be based on science that considers the demand of fishing communities and ecosystem protection.

New approaches to value creation in the tourism sector - the circular economy

"ABSTRACT. The circular economy is an alternative economic model to the current linear economy. The main feature of the circular economy is to preserve the value of resources. The circular economy generates indisputable environmental benefits, social benefits and added value for companies, aspects necessary to guarantee resource sustainability and ecological diversity in a globalized, complex and often unpredictable global context. Despite the fact that tourism plays an important role in the economic development of tourist regions and in the integration of these economies in the process of globalization, it puts great pressure on natural resources and the environment. Tourism activity generates environmental impacts and economic impacts. The aim of this paper is to analyze the future tendencies of tourism, how the circular economy can create value for the tourism sector and the steps to be followed to create a sustainable model. The society we live in has exhausted the resources needed to meet the future needs of an increasingly affected planet. Tourism is a sector sensitive environmentally, because while exploiting resources for its economic development, compromising their future growth. For this reason, it is very important to adopt tourism practices that promote respect for the planet - Earth, because we destroy our home and today we are already living the consequences and the circular economy is born of the real need to save the planet we live on. Change is the key to a sustainable model. Today there are endless opportunities, we need to rethink our current system and open up to new perspectives through innovation and creativity. Keywords: Circular economy, Sustainable tourism, Resources, Tourism JEL classification: Z32, L83, Q01, Q56 "

Analysis of Hyperhomocysteinemia and Related Factors : A Case - Control Study in Northeast China

Objectives. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an easily neglected disease, which can be hidden in the body for many years without signs or symptoms. We want to explore the causes of HHcy, the correlation of HHcy with micronutrients, lifestyle, dietary habits and HHcy related genes, preventing the occurrence of HHcy.Methods. 800 subjects (M/F, 403/397) were divided into normal Hcy and HHcy group according to the plasma levels of Hcy, compared essential characteristics by questionnaires, genetic polymorphism tested by Realtime PCR and micronutrients detected by mass spectrometry. The statistical analysis methods were Chi - square tests, ANOVA, logistic regression. This trial has been registered with the trial number ChiCTR1900025136. Results. 42.66% of 143 HHcy cases were aged from 10 to 18, with higher levels of zinc (Zn), vitamin A, Uric acid (P < 0.05) and a lower level of 25-OH-D3, VB12, folic acid (Fol) (P < 0.05) compared to the normal group. The multivariate logistic regression significantly predicted HHcy development containing higher level of Zinc (Exp(B) = 1.042; 95% CI, 1.000 - 1.086), higher Uric (Exp(B) = 1.014; 95% CI, 1.008 - 1.019), lower B12 (Exp(B) = 0.993; 95%CI, 0.989 - 0.997), lower Folic acid (Exp(B) = 0.772; 95% CI, 0.657 - 0.907), and polymorphism of MTHFR C677T (Exp(B) = 2.923; 95% CI, 1.399–6.107).Conclusion. Pay more attention to those students who were facing great pressure because they are very likely to be potential HHcy patients with high levels of uric acid and zinc and anxiety.

Islam Is Not Bad, Muslims Are: I’m Done with Islam

The present paper addresses the motives that make some inhabitants of the Spanish province of Granada that converted to Islam leave it after some time. We have approached this reality using grounded theory and conducting nineteen in-depth interviews. Two of the main conclusions are that all interviewees were under great pressure due to the expectations that Muslims they interacted with—partners, family, people from Muslim associations or internet groups, etc.—had of them, and that said expectations were based on interpretations of a fundamentalist nature. Additionally, the fact that these people left Islam makes it evident that their existence is grounded in a ‘self’ under constant construction and open to the possibility of starting to be, continuing to be, or changing depending on their personal choice.

An integrated agent-based model of travel demand and package deliveries

With the increased shift from in-store shopping to e-commerce, we can expect the share of delivery vehicles in cities to rise as well. This puts great pressure on cities and surrounding areas as emissions rise and space becomes scarce. Because the last leg of the delivery chain is so costly, there have been many studies on how the last-mile issue can be diminished. However, most studies only cover deliveries independently from the orders. This paper presents a modelling approach that integrates travel demand, package orders and subsequent deliveries within the same framework. One of the benefits of the integrated modelling approach is that the model can evaluate the agents’ locations at all times during the simulation. This allows us to model different states of delivery on a microscopic level. We have applied the model to Karlsruhe, Germany with a synthetic population of just over 300.000 agents. The results show that the model simulates both package orders and the subsequent delivery tours realistically. The model framework allows for detailed analysis of delivery states and success rates and can be used for scenario analysis of different delivery methods and changes in online shopping behaviour.