The relationship of smoking cessation to sociodemographic characteristics, smoking intensity, and tobacco control policies

Objective. This study documents the extent of tobacco ads in retail stores and evaluates its association with the comprehensiveness of local tobacco control policies in the state of Massachusetts, US. Methods. Using a two-stage cluster sampling method, we sampled 419 retail stores across 42 municipalities to assess the presence and count of nine mutually exclusive tobacco ad categories. Tobacco ads by store type and municipality were analyzed using summary statistics and contingency tables. Regression models tested the association between the extent of tobacco ads and local tobacco control policy comprehensiveness. Results. Overall, 86.6% (n = 363) of all the retail stores had tobacco ads. On average, there were 6.7 ads per retail store (SD = 6.61) and 2804 ads across all the retail stores (range = 0 : 32). Retail stores had an average of three different categories of tobacco ads (mean = 2.98, SD = 1.84). Across all retail stores, the most frequent ad categories were power walls (80.0%) and e-cigarette ads (55.8%). Retail stores in municipalities with more comprehensive local tobacco control policies were more likely to have fewer tobacco ads (IRR = 0.92, p<0.01) and a lower number of tobacco ad categories (OR = 0.88, p<0.05). Conclusion. Municipalities can adopt more comprehensive tobacco control policies to help limit the extent of tobacco retail advertising. This can ultimately reduce smoking in their jurisdiction.

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Effect of Tobacco Control Policies on Information Seeking for Smoking Cessation in the Netherlands: A Google Trends Study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0148489 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. e0148489 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Sigrid A. Troelstra ◽

Jizzo R. Bosdriesz ◽

Michiel R. de Boer ◽

Anton E. Kunst

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Information Seeking ◽

Google Trends ◽

Control Policies ◽

Tobacco Control Policies

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PCV108 Measuring the Impact of Tobacco Control Policies on Health Outcomes Using the TOSCA (Tobacco Policy Outcomes and Smoking Cessation) Model

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/j.jval.2012.03.711 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. A132

Author(s):

E. De nigris ◽

K. Bowrin ◽

A.E. Kunst ◽

G. Roberts

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Tobacco Policy ◽

Policy Outcomes ◽

Control Policies ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

The Impact

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State-level tobacco control policies and youth smoking cessation measures

Health Policy ◽

10.1016/j.healthpol.2010.04.009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 97 (2-3) ◽

pp. 136-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Cindy Tworek ◽

Ryoko Yamaguchi ◽

Deborah D. Kloska ◽

Sherry Emery ◽

Dianne C. Barker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

State Level ◽

Youth Smoking ◽

Control Policies ◽

Tobacco Control Policies

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Older African American Homeless-Experienced Smokers’ Attitudes Toward Tobacco Control Policies—Results from the HOPE HOME Study

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/0890117117729928 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 381-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Maya Vijayaraghavan ◽

Pamela Olsen ◽

John Weeks ◽

Karma McKelvey ◽

Claudia Ponath ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

African American ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Strong Support ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Control Policies ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

Harmful Effects ◽

Current Tobacco

Purpose: To examine attitudes toward tobacco control policies among older African American homeless-experienced smokers. Approach: A qualitative study. Setting: Oakland, California. Participants: Twenty-two African American older homeless-experienced smokers who were part of a longitudinal study on health and health-related outcomes (Health Outcomes of People Experiencing Homelessness in Older Middle Age Study). Method: We conducted in-depth, semistructured interviews with each participant to explore beliefs and attitudes toward tobacco use and cessation, barriers to smoking cessation, and attitudes toward current tobacco control strategies including raising cigarette prices, smoke-free policies, and graphic warning labels. We used a grounded theory approach to analyze the transcripts. Results: Community social norms supportive of cigarette smoking and co-use of tobacco with other illicit substances were strong motivators of initiation and maintenance of tobacco use. Self-reported barriers to cessation included nicotine dependence, the experience of being homeless, fatalistic attitudes toward smoking cessation, substance use, and exposure to tobacco industry marketing. While participants were cognizant of current tobacco control policies and interventions for cessation, they felt that they were not specific enough for African Americans experiencing homelessness. Participants expressed strong support for strategies that de-normalized tobacco use and advertised the harmful effects of tobacco. Conclusion: Older African American homeless-experienced smokers face significant barriers to smoking cessation. Interventions that advertise the harmful effects of tobacco may be effective in stimulating smoking cessation among this population.

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Differential Relationship between Tobacco Control Policies and U.S. Adult Current Smoking by Poverty

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16214130 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (21) ◽

pp. 4130 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lauren M. Dutra ◽

Matthew C. Farrelly ◽

James Nonnemaker ◽

Brian Bradfield ◽

Jennifer Gaber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Control ◽

Poverty Line ◽

Odds Ratios ◽

Control Policies ◽

Current Smoking ◽

Cigarette Taxes ◽

Tobacco Control Policies ◽

Free Air ◽

The Relationship ◽

Differential Relationship

The study’s purpose was to identify differences in the relationship between tobacco control policies and smoking by poverty. We matched state smoke-free air law coverage (SFALs), tobacco control funding (TCF), and cigarette taxes with individual current smoking and demographics from supplements to the Current Population Survey (1985–2015). We regressed (logistic) smoking on policy variables, poverty (<138% of poverty line versus ≥138% of poverty line), interactions of policy and poverty, and covariates, presenting beta coefficients instead of odds ratios because it is difficult to interpret interactions using odds ratios (they are ratios of odds ratios). We coded SFALs as (1) proportion of state covered by 100% workplace, restaurant and bar laws (SFAL-All) or (2) proportion of state covered by workplace laws (SFAL-WP) and proportion covered by restaurant or bar laws (SFAL-RB). In the SFAL-All model, SFAL-All (Beta coeff: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.06, −0.002), tax (Coeff: −0.06, 95% CI: −0.07, −0.05), and TCF (Coeff: −0.01, 95% CI: −0.01, −0.001) were associated with less smoking. In this model, the interaction of SFAL-All by poverty was significant (Coeff: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.13). In the SFAL-WP/RB model, SFAL-RB (Coeff: −0.05, 95% CI: −0.08, −0.02), tax (Coeff: −0.05, 95% CI: −0.06, −0.04), and TCF (Coeff: −0.01, 95% CI: −0.01, −0.00) were significant. In the same model, SFAL-WP (Coeff: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.15), SFAL-RB (Coeff: −0.14, 95% CI: −0.19, −0.09), and TCF (Coeff: 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.02) interacted with poverty. Tax by poverty was of borderline significance in this model (Coeff = 0.02, 95% CI: −0.00, 0.04, p = 0.050). Among adults, SFALs, TCF, and tax were associated with less current smoking, and SFALs and TCF had differential relationships with smoking by poverty.

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