This article, written by Mariam Aboelezz’s, focuses on the period following the overthrow of Egypt’s Islamist president Mohamad Morsi in 2013. Concurrent with this was a government-supported emphasis on ‘Egyptian identity’. Using the concept of alterity as highlighted by Suleiman, as well as acknowledging Suleiman’s contribution to the study of the role of language as proxy in identity politics, Aboelezz examines how language is used as proxy in this new wave of Egyptian nationalism. She demonstrates how old motifs have been revived by the government – for example, the use of ʿāmmiyya and the rejection of fuṣḥā as proxies for promoting an Egyptian identity – and establishes a convincing link between language and identity through processes of distanciation, differentiation and identification.